Security Principles Final

Howard is leading a project to commission a new information system that will be used by a federal government agency. He is working with senior officials to document and accept the risk of operation prior to allowing use. What step of the risk management framework is Howard completing?

Authorize the IT system for processing

Which information security objective allows trusted entities to endorse information?

Certification

Alison discovers that a system under her control has been infected with malware, which is using a keylogger to report user keystrokes to a third party. What information security property is this malware attacking?

Confidentiality

Which organization creates information security standards that specifically apply within the European Union?

European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Cyber Security Technical Committee (TC CYBER)

Which of the following agencies is NOT involved in the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) oversight process?

Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

Vincent recently went to work for a hospital system. He is reading about various regulations that apply to his new industry. What law applies specifically to health records?

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

What federal agency is charged with the mission of promoting "U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards, and technology in ways that enhance economic security and improve our quality of life?"

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

Which term accurately describes Layer 3 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model?

Network

Brian would like to conduct a port scan against his systems to determine how they look from an attacker's viewpoint. What tool can he use for this purpose?

Nmap

Which approach to cryptography provides the strongest theoretical protection?

Quantum cryptography

Under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Security Rule, what type of safeguards must be implemented by all covered entities, regardless of the circumstances?

Security

What is NOT an area where the Internet Architecture Board (IAB) provides oversight on behalf of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)?

Subject matter on expertise routing and switching

Which type of cipher works by rearranging the characters in a message?

Transposition

Breanne's system was infected by malicious code after she installed an innocent-looking solitaire game that she downloaded from the Internet. What type of malware did she likely encounter?

Trojan Horse

Which Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard covers wireless LANs?

802.11

Bob has a high-volume virtual private network (VPN). He would like to use a device that would best handle the required processing power. What type of device should he use

VPN concentrator

What file type is least likely to be impacted by a file infector virus?

.docx

Henry is creating a firewall rule that will allow inbound mail to the organization. What TCP port must he allow through the firewall?

25

What is the maximum value for any octet in an IPv4 IP address?

255

What ISO security standard can help guide the creation of an organization's security policy?

27002

Henry's last firewall rule must allow inbound access to a Windows Terminal Server. What port must he allow?

3389

Henry would like to create a different firewall rule that allows encrypted web traffic to reach a web server. What port is used for that communication?

443

What is NOT a valid encryption key length for use with the Blowfish algorithm?

512 Bits

What series of Special Publications does the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) produce that covers information systems security activities?

800

Alice would like to send a message to Bob using a digital signature. What cryptographic key does Alice use to create the digital signature?

Alice's private key

Bob received a message from Alice that contains a digital signature. What cryptographic key does Bob use to verify the digital signature?

Alice's public key

Which organization created a standard version of the widely used C programming language in 1989?

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

Norm recently joined a new organization. He noticed that the firewall technology used by his new firm opens separate connections between the devices on both sides of the firewall. What type of technology is being used?

Application Proxying

ary is designing a software component that will function at the Presentation Layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. What other two layers of the model will her component need to interact with?

Application, session

Taylor is a security professional working for a retail organization. She is hiring a firm to conduct the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) required quarterly vulnerability scans. What credential should she seek in a vendor?

Approved scanning vendor (ASV)

Alice would like to send a message to Bob securely and wishes to encrypt the contents of the message. What key does she use to encrypt this message?

Bob's Public Key

Joe is the CEO of a company that handles medical billing for several regional hospital systems. How would Joe's company be classified under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)?

Business associate of a covered entity

Karen would like to use a wireless authentication technology similar to that found in hotels where users are redirected to a webpage when they connect to the network. What technology should she deploy?

Captive portal

Federal agencies are required to name a senior official in charge of information security. What title is normally given to these individuals?

Chief information security officer (CISO)

Betty visits a local library with her young children. She notices that someone using a computer terminal in the library is visiting pornographic websites. What law requires that the library filter offensive web content for minors?

Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA)

Which cryptographic attack offers cryptanalysts the most information about how an encryption algorithm works?

Chosen Plaintext

Maya is creating a computing infrastructure compliant with the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS). What type of information is she most likely trying to protect?

Credit card information

Larry recently viewed an auction listing on a website. As a result, his computer executed code that popped up a window that asked for his password. What type of attack has Larry likely encountered?

Cross-site scripting (XSS)

What program, released in 2013, is an example of ransomware?

Crypt0L0cker

Which element is NOT a core component of the ISO 27002 standard?

Cryptography

Alan withdraws cash from an ATM belonging to Bank X that is coming from his account with Bank Y. What is Alan's relationship with Bank X?

Customer

What is NOT one of the four main purposes of an attack?

Data Import

Betty receives a ciphertext message from her colleague Tim. What type of function does Betty need to use to read the plaintext message?

Decryption

Alice and Bob would like to communicate with each other using a session key but they do not already have a shared secret key. Which algorithm can they use to exchange a secret key?

Diffie-Hellman

What protocol is responsible for assigning IP addresses to hosts on most networks?

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

Tonya is working with a team of subject matter experts to diagnose a problem with her system. The experts determine that the problem likely resides at the Presentation Layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. Which technology is the most likely suspect?

Encryption

What mathematical problem forms the basis of most modern cryptographic algorithms?

Factoring Large Primes

What entity is responsible for overseeing compliance with Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)?

Family Policy Compliance Office (FPCO)

What is NOT a common motivation for attackers?

Fear

Erin is a system administrator for a federal government agency. What law contains guidance on how she may operate a federal information system?

Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA)

David would like to connect a fibre channel storage device to systems over a standard data network. What protocol can he use?

Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE)

What type of firewall security feature limits the volume of traffic from individual hosts?

Flood Guard

What type of funciton generates the unique value that corresponds to the contents of a message and is issued to create a digital signature?

Hash

Which unit of measure represents frequency and is expressed as the number of cycles per second?

Hertz

What type of system is intentionally exposed to attackers in an attempt to lure them out?

Honeypot

Terry is troubleshooting a network that is experiencing high traffic congestion issues. Which device, if present on the network, should be replaced to alleviate these issues?

Hub

Gary is troubleshooting a security issue on an Ethernet network and would like to look at the Ethernet standard. What publication should he seek out?

IEEE 802.3

Juan comes across documentation from his organization related to several information security initiatives using different standards as their reference. Which International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard provides current guidance on information security management?

ISO 27002

Gary is sending a message to Patricia. He wants to ensure that nobody tampers with the message while it is in transit. What goal of cryptography is Gary trying to achieve?

Integrity

Tim is implementing a set of controls designed to ensure that financial reports, records, and data are accurately maintained. What information security goal is Tim attempting to achieve?

Integrity

Bill is conducting an analysis of a new IT service. He would like to assess it using the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model and would like to learn more about this framework. What organization should he turn to for the official definition of OSI?

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Which organization promotes technology issues as an agency of the United Nations?

International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

Yolanda would like to prevent attackers from using her network as a relay point for a smurf attack. What protocol should she block?

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

Alison retrieved data from a company database containing personal information on customers. When she looks at the SSN field, she sees values that look like this: "XXX-XX-9142." What has happened to these records?

Masking

What federal government agency is charged with the responsibility of creating information security standards and guidelines for use within the federal government and more broadly across industries?

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

When Patricia receives a message from Gary she wants to be able to demonstrate to Sue that the message actually came from Gary. What goal of cryptography is Patricia trying to achieve?

Nonrepudiation

Which of the following allows a certificate authority (CA) to revoke a compromised digital certificate in real time?

Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP)

Adam discovers a virus on his system that is using encryption to modify itself. The virus escapes detection by signature-based antivirus software. What type of virus has he discovered?

Polymorphic virus

Hilda is troubleshooting a problem with the encryption of data. At which layer of the OSI Reference Model is she working?

Presentation

Which document is the initial stage of a standard under the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) process?

Proposed Standard (PS)

What type of organizations are required to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act?

Publicly traded companies

What type of malicious software allows an attacker to remotely control a compromised computer?

Remote Access Tool (RAT)

What type of publication is the primary working product of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)?

Request for comment (RFC)

Which of the following is NOT one of the rights afforded to students (or the parents of a minor student) under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)?

Right to delete unwanted information from records

What is NOT a symmetric encryption algorithm?

Rivest-Shamir-Adelman (RSA)

Taylor is preparing to submit her company's Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) self-assessment questionnaire. The company uses a payment application that is connected to the Internet but does not conduct e-commerce. What self-assessment questionnaire (SAQ) should she use?

SAQ C

Bob is developing a web application that depends upon a database backend. What type of attack could a malicious individual use to send commands through his web application to the database?

SQL Injection

Gwen is investigating an attack. An intruder managed to take over the identity of a user who was legitimately logged in to Gwen's company's website by manipulating Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) headers. Which type of attack likely took place?

Session Hacking

Barbara is investigating an attack against her network. She notices that the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo replies coming into her network far exceed the ICMP echo requests leaving her network. What type of attack is likely taking place?

Smurf

Which technology category would NOT likely be the subject of a standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)?

Solar energy

The CEO of Kelly's company recently fell victim to an attack. The attackers sent the CEO an email informing him that his company was being sued and he needed to view a subpoena at a court website. When visiting the website, malicious code was downloaded onto the CEO's computer. What type of attack took place?

Spear Phishing

What type of network device normally connects directly to endpoints and uses MAC-based filtering to limit traffic flows?

Switch

Which set of characteristics describes the Caesar cipher accurately?

Symmetric, stream, substitution

Which type of virus targets computer hardware and software startup functions?

System infector

Bobbi recently discovered that an email program used within her health care practice was sending sensitive medical information to patients without using encryption. She immediately corrected the problem because it violated the company's security policy and standard rules. What level of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) violation likely

Tier A

Which of the following items would generally NOT be considered personally identifiable information (PII)?

Trade Secret

What is NOT an effective key distribution method for plaintext encryption keys?

Unencrypted Email

What is NOT a typical sign of virus activity on a system?

Unexpected power failure

What is the only unbreakable cipher when it is used properly?

Vernam

Val would like to isolate several systems belonging to the product development group from other systems on the network, without adding new hardware. What technology can she use?

Virtual LAN (VLAN)

Val would like to limit the websites that her users visit to those on an approved list of pre-cleared sites. What type of approach is Val advocating?

Whitelisting

What tool might be used by an attacker during the reconnaissance phase of an attack to glean information about domain registrations?

Whois

Gary is configuring a smartphone and is selecting a wireless connectivity method. Which approach will provide him with the highest speed wireless connectivity?

Wi-Fi

What type of network connects systems over the largest geographic area?

Wide Area Network (WAN)

What standard is NOT secure and should never be used on modern wireless networks?

Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)

What wireless security technology contains significant flaws and should never be used?

Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)

What is NOT a service commonly offered by unified threat management (UTM) devices?

Wireless network access

Allie is working on the development of a web browser and wants to make sure that the browser correctly implements the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) standard. What organization's documentation should she turn to for the authoritative source of information?

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)