SIMbooks Chapter 5: Networking & Security

A(n) ___ is the connection of two or more central computers or local area networks, generally across a wide geographical area.

WAN

Which term refers to the large volumes of data that are constantly being generated by our devices and digital transactions?

big data

___ systems can be incrementally expanded to provide increasing amounts of computing power, storage, and/or software when the need arises.

Scalable

Which device can guard connected equipment against large power spikes or surges that may infrequently occur?

Surge protector

Which network device provides multiple ports for connecting nodes and is aware of the exact address or identity of all the nodes attached to it?

Switch

___ is a feature that requires two forms of identification, such as a password and possession of your phone, to log into an account.

Two factor authentication

There are three general strategies used to authenticate individuals. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Who you know

All nodes connect to a wireless ___ in order to communicate wirelessly.

access point

Typically measured in Mbps or Gbps, ___ is the amount of data that can be transmitted over a given amount of time.

bandwidth

Networks use media to carry data from one ___, or connection point, to another.

node

Machines that communicate over a network must follow certain rules, or ___, to ensure that the packets are sent, received, and interpreted properly.

protocols

___ is a form of hacking that focuses on deceiving individuals into giving away the information that the thief needs.

social engineering

Many thieves use the temptation of free (illegal) software on ___ services to lure individuals into downloading malware.

File-sharing

Which type of malware is designed to report activity on your computer to another party?

spyware

___ can clog cooling systems such as fans, which in turn may cause hardware to overheat.

Dust

The ___ of a network is the logical layout of the cables and devices that connect the nodes of the network.

topology

Which type of malware disguises itself as an interesting, useful, or desirable program in order to gain access to your system?

trojan horse

Which type of malware is attached to a host file and has the ability to replicate, or copy, itself?

virus

Which of the following is NOT one of the specifications of Wi-Fi technology?

802.11z

A ___ is any step you take to ward off a threat.

countermeasure

A popular way for both individuals and businesses to increase the security of a network connection (via tunneling) is by using a(n):

VPN

A(n) ___ contains a rechargeable battery, allowing it to run a computer system for a given amount of time if the power fails.

UPS

___ allow users to communicate and share information between computers and various devices.

Networks

Systems known as ___ are able to continue their operation even when problems are present.

fault tolerant

Today, the term ___ generally refers to an individual who uses a computer and/or network to commit a variety of crimes.

hacker

The wireless access points that are used in homes contain integrated ___, as do the devices that ISPs typically provide for internet connectivity.

routers

The scam referred to as ___ typically comes in form of an alert message that claims to be from the FBI or your security software.

scareware

Which type of malware consists of a fully-contained program that self-replicates and spreads through computers and networks?

worm

A(n) ___ uniquely identifies every network-connected device in the world.

MAC address

A(n) ___ is a set of software tools that enables managers to gather, organize, and evaluate information.

MIS

Data ___ is the discovery of new patterns or relationships between data.

mining

Which of the following refers to large networks of compromised computers that can be used by a hacker to spread malware, send spam, and conduct carefully orchestrated network attacks?

Botnets

A popular type of network attack, known as a(n) ___ attack, allows hackers to shut down or block access to websites and other network resources by overwhelming them with requests.

DDoS

___ is a standard for LANs that uses a star topology with twisted-pair cables that plug into the RJ45 port located on many devices.

Ethernet

Which type of cable consists of a thin strand of glass that transmits pulsating beams of light rather than electric current?

Fiber-optic

___ are pieces of a message broken down into small units by the sending device and reassembled by the receiving device.

Packets

Which strategy involves luring individuals into entering personal information into a website that is controlled by a hacker?

Phishing

A(n) ___ system is a type of information system that performs analytical tasks traditionally done by a human, typically by using information contained in a knowledge base.

expert