Soc 281 exam 1

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The most significant recent change in how the U.S. census measures race is

The option to check more than one category

An ethnicity is a group of people with:

A common cultural identification

Families are groups of related people, bound by

Biological, legal, and emotional connections

Parents who work in jobs that require creativity and divergent thinking are more likely to raise their children to value...

Creativity and divergent thinking

Teen sex is described as being more male-oriented because

Males receive greater social rewards

Which of the following is true about social class and parenting?

Parents usually guide their children to value traits that will prepare them to stay in the same social class level

A person's sexual identity is

Assigned to all children at birth

Which of the following is an important broad historic trend impacting the character of American family life?

Decline of the two-parent nuclear family

How do the concepts of race and ethnicity differ?

Ethnic identities focus on cultural traits and are sometimes voluntary

In general, throughout history and across cultures, parents have usually favored having female children over having male children.

False

Most social science research supports the argument that elements of the Black family structure today, such as matriarchal households and children raised by extended family members, are inherited from African traditions.

False

The United States has more social mobility than most other wealthy countries

False

The percentage of teens having sex has increased in recent decades

False

Which of the following has contributed to a modern culture that is more accepting of sexual activity?

Modern birth control

Sex and gender are different in that

gender refers to the social role based on one's categorical sex

The pervasive element of European and American society in which men controlled all property and had control over women and children is called

patriarchy

What is an example of a way in which an elementary school teacher might engage in gender socialization in schools?

By reprimanding a girl for playing on the jungle gym because she is wearing a dress.

The tendency of people to be in the same social class throughout their lives is called

Class persistence

Some __ theorists argue that the unpaid work historically done by women helps men while the financial support that employed husbands provide helps women

Consensus or Structural Functionalists

What does the economist Joseph Stiglitz mean when he argues that the rise of the 1 percent is self-fulfilling?

Elite individuals increasingly gain control over positions and institutions that shape the rules and make accumulating more wealth possible

In the late 20th century, cultural changes in the meaning of and motivation for marriage evolved in what way?

Emotional success became central to marriage success.

What is the difference between and facts and theory in the study of the family?

Facts provide information about family life, whereas theory is a way to explain how those facts influence one another.

Sexuality can best be described as a

Fluid identity that can vary

Which of the following concepts is illustrated by parents purchasing mostly pink items for their daughters?

Gender socialization

A young white man is marrying his long-time black girlfriend. What are they practicing?

Heterogamy

John chose a new seat on the opposite side of the room after his classmate "came out" during a lecture on sexual orientation. This illustrates

Homophobia

Because the word family means different things to different people, the textbook provides a broad definitions of families as groups of people who are bound by the following types of connections, except one. Pick the one that does not apply.

Obligatory

The term for the biological category of male and female, based on anatomy and physiology, is

SEX

One important modern principle used in almost all data collection about race and ethnicity involves:

Self-identification

Which of the following is true about the HPV vaccine?

Some parents object to the vaccine on the unfounded idea that a sex-related vaccine will encourage sexual activity.

What theoretical perspective revolves around people's ability to enact social roles based on the expectations of others?

Symbolic interaction

When it comes to biological sex differences:

The differences between humans are small when compared with other species

Which of the following supports the idea that institution of marriage remains very important in U.S. society?

The fight for access to marriage for gays and lesbians.

What have studies of class mobility in the U.S. shown?

Today the U.S. has less upward mobility than it did in previous generations

A cohort is a group of people who experience an event together at the same time.

True

Top 100 girls names as a percent of all girls born, what argument does the author make about this figure?

When parents are given freedom to name their children, they choose more diverse names.

Because the Moynihan Report attributed ongoing racial inequality to characteristics of Black family life it was criticized for

"Blaming the victim" and contributing to racist stereotypes

Which of the following is the sociological definition of family?

A group of related people bound by connections that are biological, legal, or emotional

One difficulty of studying families is identifying whether something causes something else. In many cases, two things may occur together, byt one may not cause the other. The process by which social scientists establish an association between two phenomena is known as

Correlation

Which of the following is an example of a family tie formed by legal recognition?

People who are married

Classify the following as a cause or an effect of the kind of segregation pictures here, in Milwaukee

Social isolation: effect Neighborhood poverty: effect Preferential treatment of whites in mortgage lending: cause Redlining: cause

the difference between one's class origin and class destination is known as

Social mobility


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