SOC 323 Midterm

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons Africans were originally enslaved in the New World.

Africans were enslaved due to anti-black racism

Which of the following racial/ethnic minority groups did NOT resist their oppression and exploitation?

All of the above groups resisted their oppression and exploitation in some way

This social scientist argued that the formation of the working class in the United States was intimately linked to the development of a sense of whiteness.

David Roediger

This is a term that refers to a group of people that share a culture, nationality, ancestry, and/or language.

Ethnic group

According to sociologist Robert Blauner, the experiences of colonized minorities and immigrant minorities in the United States are similar.

False

White privilege and white supremacy are interchangeable concepts.

False

This refers to expectations about appropriate behavior for men and women that varies along racial lines.

Gendered racism

This refers to evidence of human migration patterns found in the human genome; these genetic mutations are evolutionary responses to the environment.

Genome geography

James C. Scott argues that subordinate group resistance takes the form of a _________, which are the actions and interactions that occur outside the gaze of members of the dominant group and challenge the subordinate status of minority groups.

Hidden transcript

The US Census Bureau considered adding which of the following groups as a "racial" category on the 2020 census?

Hispanic

Which of the following is NOT an example of the racial/ethnic discrimination Jewish Americans faced in the United States during the first half of the twentieth century?

Internment camps during war time

The epidemic of violence directed at LGBTQ people of color is an example of ________, because it is more than homophobia and transphobia; it is racialized homophobia and transphobia.

Intersectionality

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of white privilege?

It only operates in conjunction with class privilege

This sociologist introduced the idea of collective forgetting, what a culture ignores or suppresses about its past. He argues this is a major aspect of the white racial frame.

Joe Feagin

This was a term that was found on several censuses during the mid-to-late 1800s. It referred to someone that had one black great-grandparent.

Octoroon

This sociologist thought that ethnicity was more influential in people's life experiences than race.

Robert Ezra Park

Which of the following is a Marxist explanation for racial/ethnic inequality?

Split labor market theory

Which sociological perspective on race/ethnic relations is concerned with racial/ethnic identity development?

Symbolic Interactionism

Africans were not oppressed, exploited, and enslaved because they were black. The emergence of the trans-Atlantic slave trade actually helped create "race," the idea of dividing humanity into hierarchical categories based upon physical appearances.

True

Colorism is found in African American, Latino, and Asian American communities.

True

Cultural beliefs of superiority and inferiority along racial lines emerged almost one hundred years into the slave trade, roughly between 1667 and 1682, as a way to justify the exploitation of Africans; Africans were not enslaved because they were viewed as inferior to whites.

True

In order to understand race, racism, and race relations today, social scientists argue that it is important to take history into account in order to understand why these patterns of racial inequality first arose and the ways they influence race relations today.

True

Initial low population estimates of the number of indigenous people in North America upon European arrival were politically motivated: it helped portray the European conquest of North America as legitimate because it was depicted as a relatively uninhabited continent.

True

Prior to World War II, unions had a long history of racial segregation that was maintained through violence and coercion, which served the interests of minority workers by keeping competition in the job market to a minimum.

True

Sociologists focus on patterns rather than rarities, but there will always be deviations from the norm.

True

Some research finds that DNA ancestry testing is much more common among African Americans, primarily due to the limitations placed upon them in pursuing traditional genealogical research due to the slave trade and the erasure of much of African culture in America.

True

The current reigning racial ideology in the United States is that of color consciousness.

True

While there is nothing new about the existence of biracial/multiracial people, the embrace of biracial/multiracial identities is a relatively recent development.

True

While today "cracker" is a term often used as a generalized racial slur against whites by people of color, it originated as a term higher status whites used to describe poor whites who were viewed as dangerous, lawless, shiftless, lazy, and as people who often associated with other stigmatized groups.

True

Which of the following did NOT contribute to the emergence of the concept of "race" and the racial hierarchy worldview?

Views of black inferiority based on skin color