Society The Basics: Gender Stratification

Feminism has been a social movement in the United States since beginning in the:

1840s

What share of today's U.S. women are working for income?

60 percent

In about what share of all cases of rape and attempted rape on U.S. college campuses does a woman know her attacker?

90 percent

Female genital mutilation is most common in:

Africa

In global perspective, women's social power (compared to men's) is lowest in societies on which continent?

Africa

Opposition to feminism is:

All of these are correct. -declining among U.S. college students. -directed mostly at socialist and radical feminism. -expressed by both some men and some women at various class levels.

Pornography is of concern to:

All of these are correct. -liberals who oppose it as demeaning to women. -conservatives who oppose it on moral grounds. -all people who seek to protect free speech and artistic expression.

The chapter argues that gender is not a matter just of difference, but also a matter of:

All of these are correct. -power -wealth -privileges

Which of the following statements is the best reason to see women as a minority in the United States?

At every class level, women have less income, wealth, education, and power than men do.

Which factor accounts for the largest share of difference in earnings of working women and men in the United States?

Differences in the type of work men and women do.

In the United States, on average, minority women:

Earn less than white women.

Gender refers just to whether people are female or male.

FALSE

In her famous study, Margaret Mead compared gender patterns in four African societies.

FALSE

In the United States, women gained the right to vote in 1820.

FALSE

Most women in the United States think of themselves as a minority.

FALSE

The global area in which women have the least social power is North America.

FALSE

Today in the United States, a larger share of women than men are in the labor force.

FALSE

In which of the following nations do women have the greatest political power in relation to men?

Norway

What type of feminism seeks to end patriarchy by eliminating the idea of gender itself?

Radical feminism

What type of feminism links social disadvantages of women to the capitalist economic system?

Socialist feminism

Almost all of all secretaries in the United States are women.

TRUE

Gender affects the opportunities and constraints each of us encounter throughout our lives.

TRUE

George Murdock found that, in the case of many jobs, what one society considers "masculine" another may consider "feminine."

TRUE

In 2004, U.S. women earned 77 cents for every one dollar earned by men.

TRUE

Sexism is the assertion that one sex is innately superior to the other.

TRUE

Which of the following is at the heart of the controversy over women's participation in the military?

Women are defined by our culture as nurturers rather than people who kill.

Talcott Parsons described gender in terms of:

complementarity

Talcott Parsons explained that males tend toward ______ behavior, and females tend to be more ________.

instrumental; expressive

In U.S. schools, courses in sociology typically enroll:

more women than men.

The "beauty myth" refers to the idea that:

women learn to measure their personal importance in terms of their physical appearance.