Sociology Ch.1

The sociologist who developed the concept of the power elite was ________.

C Wright Mills

The first person to propose that the scientific method could be applied to the study of social life was ________.

Auguste Comte

The two sociologists who referred to society as being a kind of living organism were _______ and ________.

Auguste Comte; Herbert Spencer

Dr. Zahn's academic interest is analyzing various aspects of society and publishing his findings in sociological journals. In view of this, Dr. Zahn is considered to be a(n) ________ sociologist.

Basic

The sociologist responsible for suggesting the connection between history and biography to explain the sociological imagination was ________.

C wright mills

Karl Marx suggested that the force that drives human history and is at the core of human society is ________.

Class conflict

More than twenty years prior to the birth of Durkheim and Weber, Society in America, an analysis of American social customs, was published by sociologist ________.

Harriet Martineau

The theorist who is sometimes referred to as "the second founder of sociology" was ________.

Herbert Spencer

Because of her outstanding contributions to social reform, as demonstrated in her work as co-founder of Hull-House, ________ was a co-winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931.

Jane Addams

The social thinker of the 19th century who predicted that there would be a classless society once the working class united and began a revolution was ________.

Karl Marx

The Wall Street Journal has declared that the three greatest modern thinkers were ________, ________, and ________.

Karl Marx; Sigmund Freud; Albert Einstein

The contemporary conflict sociologist who pointed out that conflict is most likely to develop among people in close relationships was ________.

Lewis Coser

Cindy is interested in how the movement of Maytag production plants and other industries from the Midwest to Mexico has changed the lives of thousands of unemployed workers and their communities. Cindy is conducting a ________ analysis.

Macro-level

Which sociological perspectives are best to use in developing an accurate understanding of society?

No single perspective is best, so all three must be utilized.

The scientific method requires ________, repeating a study in order to compare the new research results with the original findings.

Replication

What distinction did sociologist Frances Perkins hold in American history?

She was the first woman to hold a presidential cabinet position.

When sociologists' group people into categories based on their age, gender, educational level, job, and income, they are trying to determine ________.

Social Darwinism

When sociologists' group people into categories based on their age, gender, educational level, job, and income, they are trying to determine ________.

Social location

The sociological perspective emphasizes how the social context influences people's lives, particularly how people are influenced by ________.

Society

Sue is an expert in interpreting gestures, silence, the use of space, and expressions people make in their daily interactions. In view of this, how would Sue's expertise be defined?

Sue is an expert in nonverbal interaction.

The American sociologist who focused on social analysis, developing abstract models showing how parts of society harmoniously work together, was ________.

Talcott Parsons

The book published by W. E. B. Du Bois in 1899 that analyzed how African Americans in a major United States city coped with racism was ________.

The Philadelphia Negro

The university that dominated sociology as an academic discipline when Albion Small headed the department was ________.

The university of Chicago

What did Robert E. Park, Ernest Burgess, and George Herbert Mead have in common?

They were among the first faculty members in the sociology department at the University of Chicago

Sociology first took root as an academic discipline at _______ in 1890.

University of Kansas

The first African American to earn a doctorate from Harvard University, who spent his lifetime studying race relations in America and was one of the founders of the NAACP, was ________.

W. E. B. Du Bois

According to symbolic interactionists, the deciding factor that determines if change in society is good or bad requires ________.

a framework or context from which to view the meaning of the change

Functionalists refer to how parts of a society fit together to form a whole as ________.

a structure

During his career, Anthony has worked as a juvenile police officer, corrections counselor in a state prison, and executive director of an urban redevelopment program. In view of this, which description best describes Anthony's career path?

anthony has been an applied sociologist

The titles Karl Marx used to describe the two classes in society were the ________ and the ________.

bourgeoisie; proletariat

According to Max Weber, the Protestant ethic was a central factor in the birth of ________.

capitalism

Which groups of social theorists would focus most on macro-level analysis when examining patterns of society?

conflict theorist and structural functionalists

Which groups of social theorists would focus most on macro-level analysis when examining patterns of society?

conflict theorists and structural functionalists

Karl Marx believed that ________ was the central force for social change, while Max Weber believed that ________ was the force most responsible for social change.

economics; religion

The first goal of each scientific discipline is to ________.

explain why something happens

People all over the world, including college students, are breaking down national boundaries because of advances in communication, trade, and travel. This is referred to as ________.

globalization

Capitalism is becoming the world's dominant economic system. This is referred to as ________.

globalization of capitalism

College provides a haven for several million potential workers who are classified as "students" rather than "unemployed," which helps stabilize the job market. This situation represents what Merton would describe as a ________.

latent function

According to Robert Merton, ________ are the intended beneficial consequences of people's actions.

manifest functions

Max Weber referred to the self-denying approach to life characterized by people living frugal lives and saving their money as the ________.

protestant ethic

Durkheim referred to patterns of behavior that characterize a social group as ________.

social facts

The French sociologist Emile Durkheim is most identified with which of the following areas of study?

social integration

Sociologists who analyze how social life depends on the ways that people define themselves and others are most likely ________.

symbolic interactionalists

What was the social event that most influenced Auguste Comte to explore patterns within society and become interested in what holds society together?

the French Revolution

What is the use of objective and systematic observation to test theories, one that is often employed by sociologists?

the scientific method

The concept that describes opening a window into unfamiliar worlds that allows us to understand human behavior by placing it within its broader social context is called ________.

the sociological perspective

Max Weber used the term Verstehen to mean ________.

to grasp by insight

What quality did Max Weber stress as being the hallmark of social research?

value neutrality