Sociology Chapter 1

Which theorist is regarded as having coined the term "sociology"?

Auguste Comte

Which sociologist, associated with the Chicago School, was known for developing community projects that assisted people in need?

Jane Addams

Which theorist made the assertion that capitalism is based on the pursuit of profit and the sanctity of private property and further argued that profit is produced through the exploitation of the working class?

Karl Marx

How do functionalists view disorganization within society?

They believe it must result in change to reestablish equilibrium in society

What is the purpose of sociological theory?

To organize and interpret observations

The sociological perspective that views power struggles as the source of social change is

conflict theory

Auguste Comte believed sociology could

discover the laws of human social behavior

According to Marx, class conflict is

embedded in the system of capitalism

Unlike conflict theory and functionalism, symbolic interaction

emphasizes immediate social interaction as the place where "society" exists

Sociology is a(n) _____ discipline, meaning conclusions are based on systematic observations.

empirical

According to Emile Durkheim

people in society are held together by belief systems

Applying the sociological _____ means that one has the ability to see the societal patterns that influence individual and group life.

perspective

According to Marx, capitalism is based on

profit and private property

Positivism regards _____ as the highest form of knowledge.

scientific observation

According to the text, Durkheim's major contribution to the discipline of sociology was the understanding of the

social basis of human behavior.

Durkheim conceptualized social facts as

social patterns that are external to individuals