sociology chapter 9 constructing gender and sexuality

men's rights movement

an offshoot of male liberationism whose members believe that feminism promotes discrimination against men

pro-feminist men's movement

an offshoot of male liberationism whose members support feminism and believe that sexism harms both men and women

gender expression

an individual's behavioral manifestations of gender which include masculine or femine clothing perfomance

gender identity

an individual's self-definition or sense of gender example our gender identity may or may not correspond with the sex we have been assigned.

Tittle IX

equal funding for both men and women in school

LGBTQ

esbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (sometimes "A" is added to include "allies"

microaggression

everyday uses of ordinary language that may send denigrating messages to members of certain social groups you guys to refer to girls

homophobia

fear of or discrimination toward gay, lesbian, and bisexual people

transphobia

fear of or discrimination toward transgender or other gender-nonconforming people

same-sex marriage

federally recognized marriage between members of the same sex; made legal in the United States in 2015

intersex

term used to describe a person whose chromosomes or sex characteristics are neither exclusively male nor exclusively female

gender nonconforming

term used when gender identity and/or expression differs from societal expectations about gender roles some examples are bigender trigender

transgender

term used when gender identity and/or expression is different from the sex assigned at birth

heteronormativity

the belief that heterosexuality is and should be the norm

sexism

the belief that one sex, usually male, is superior to the other

sexuality

the character or quality of being sexual it is use to describe sexual behavior and many other things

feminization of poverty

the economic trend showing that women are more likely than men to live in poverty, caused in part by the gendered gap in wages, the higher proportion of single mothers compared to single fathers, and the increasing costs of child care

sexual orientation or identity

the inclination to feel sexual desire toward people of a particular gender or toward both genders

asexuality

the lack of sexual attraction of any kind; no interest in or desire for sex

gender role socialization

the lifelong process of learning to be masculine or feminine, primarily through agents of socialization

third wave

the most recent period of feminist activism, focusing on issues of diversity, globalization, and the variety of identities women can possess not just white middle class women

suffrage movement

the movement organized around gaining voting rights for women

second wave

the period of feminist activism during the 1960s and 1970s, often associated with the issues of women's equal access to employment and education

gender

the physical, behavioral, and personality traits that a group considers normal for its male and female members men are suppose to be more agressive

instrumental role

the position of the family member who provides material support; often an authority figure

social learning

the process of learning behaviors and meanings through social interaction

second shift

the unpaid housework and child care often expected of women after they complete their day's paid labor

constructionists

they see gender as a social construction and acknowledge the posibility that binary male categories are not the only way to classify individuals.

essentialists

those who believe gender roles have a genetic or biological origin and therefore cannot be changed

cisgender

tverm used when gender identity and/or expression aligns with the sex assigned at birth

equal pay day

when a women gets paid the same as men in march it takes them a few moths more.

glass ceiling

women can only raise at a certain place

health

women live longer than Guys

Intersectionality

The impact of multiple identities (class, race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality)

expressive role

The position of the family member who provides emotional support and nurturing

men's liberation

a movement that originated in the 1970s to discuss the challenges of masculinity

rape culture

a set of beliefs, norms, and values that normalizes sexual violence against women

binary

a system of classification with only two distinct and opposite categories female/ male

feminism

belief in the social, political, and economic equality of the sexes; also the social movements organized around that belief

cisgenderism

belief in the superiority of cisgender persons and identities that same as heterosexism

heterosexism

belief in the superiority of heterosexuality and heterosexuals

education

men tend to go more to school in the past but now more women are attending to school.

patriarchy

literally meaning "rule of the father"; a male-dominated society

bisexuality

sexual attraction toward members of both genders

homosexuality

sexual attraction toward members of one's own gender

heterosexuality

sexual attraction toward members of the other gende

queer theory

social theory about gender and sexual identity; emphasizes the importance of difference and rejects ideas of innate identities or restrictive categories

work and income

some carries only have men and some only women. Men get paid more than women

sex

an individual's membership in one of two categories—male or female—based on biological factors

first wave

the earliest period of feminism activism from the midniineteenth centruary until american women won the right to vote in 1920