Sociology Chapters 4-5

__________ is an example of status inconsistency.

A senior citizen attending college

Which part of Laud Humphreys's research was participant observation?

Acting as a "watch queen" while observing the men

The status inherited by a baby born into a royal family is considered a(n) __________.

Ascribed Status

Sociologists would agree with which of the following statements?

By belonging to a group, we assume an obligation to affirm the group's values, interests, and norms.

Socorro, a research assistant at the university, uses __________ to explore background assumptions that underlie human behavior.

Ethnomethodology

What did Laud Humphreys do that was considered unethical in his study of men who engage in sexual acts in public restrooms?

He disguised himself and did follow-up research on the men by pretending to be conducting a medical survey.

The statement, "Women who are more socially integrated are less likely to be beaten than those who are socially isolated," is a(n) example of which of the following?

Hypothesis

What term is used to describe the idea that people try to control what others think about them?

Impression Management

What is an advantage of using a self-administered questionnaire?

It allows a researcher to reach a large number of people at a low cost.

Common sense tells us that an abused woman will __________ her abuser but this is not always true.

Leave

A sociologist analyzing the interactions among individuals during their everyday lives is using what level of analysis?

Microsociology

You are conducting a research experiment on drunk driving. All of the participants in the study are middle-aged, white women with convictions for driving under the influence. One-half of the women, the experimental group, will view movies that depict drunk driving accidents. The other half of the women, the control group, will not be shown the films. One year later you will revisit the participants to see if they have had any further DUIs. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

Movies

What did Diana Scully and Joseph Marolla discover during their research on rapists?

Rapists and nonrapists have similar past histories.

__________ are the behaviors, obligations, and privileges attached to a status.

Roles

Lynda is reading interviews and analyzing data collected by other researchers. What research method is she using?

Secondary Analysis

__________ divides people according to income, education, and occupation.

Social Class

Macrosociology focuses on broad features of society while microsociology focuses on __________.

Social Interaction

Whispering while in a library is an example of __________ influencing your behavior.

Social Structure

Sociologists use the term __________ to refer to all the statuses or positions that you occupy.

Status Set

A wedding ring or a uniform is an example of a __________.

Status Symbol

Regardless of our feelings at any particular moment, social __________ guides our actions and behaviors.

Structure

A (n)__________ interview uses __________ questions.

Structures; Close-Ended

Sarah has never seen germs, but she is concerned about them. She will not eat any food that has fallen on the floor, even in her mother's home, which is spotless. Which of the following best explains this situation?

The Thomas Theorem

Why did Diana Scully and Joseph Marolla each interview half the participants in their research on convicted rapists?

They wanted to avoid interview bias based on gender.

Counting liquor bottles found in trashcans to determine a community's level of alcohol consumption is an example of using __________ as a research method.

Unobtrusive Measures

College football is a good example of social structure because ___________.

a position in football is like a person's social status

What is an operational definition?

a way of determining the reliability of the nonvariable components of a hypothesis

What are the two final steps in the research model?

analyzing the results and sharing the findings

Microsociology focuses on social interaction while macrosociology focuses on __________.

broad features of society

Greta selected a research topic, decided what she wanted to learn about the topic, reviewed the literature on the topic, and formulated a hypothesis. What must she do next in order to continue in her research?

choose a research method

Some status symbols are used to __________.

communicate group membership to others

Manuel is a sociologist in Guatemala. He is doing research on race relations. His primary interest is the relations of the original native inhabitants of Guatemala with the newcomers, who are now in the dominant position in the society. Manuel is__________.

doing a macro-level analysis

As societies increase in size, they __________.

move from mechanical solidarity to organic solidarity

According to dramaturgy, when you are alone, you are __________.

on a back stage

Bernard is a sociologist focusing on macrosociology. What is he most likely to analyze?

parolees and where they fall within the U.S. social class system

According to the functionalist perspective, which of the following is a functional requisite that a society must meet in order to survive?

producing and distributing goods and services

In order to remain in a group, people must do what?

show that they agree to share the group's values and interests

In a situation involving a self-fulfilling stereotype, we would expect which of the following?

the stereotype to produce behaviors that match the stereotype

Without analyzing social life from a microsociological perspective, it will be difficult to do which of the following?

understand a person's everyday life