Sociology Exam
18. This is a product of ___. b. Media globalization*
19. From the functionalist perspective, which of the following is a function of social media? d. All of the above
15. From the functionalist perspective, which of the following is NOT a purpose of government? a. Planning and directing society b. Meeting social needs c. Managing international relations d. Lobbying for domestic corporate interests*
Kendra believes the U.S. government to be corrupt, and thinks that there should be no governing force to control people's lives. Kendra believes in: a. Democracy b. Constitutional monarchy c. Anarchy*
10. The term media globalization can be defined as: d. The worldwide integration of media through the cross-cultural exchange of ideas.*
Susan has the newest iPhone, iPad, iPod, and Mac. When a new Apple product is released, Susan stands in line for hours to be the first to buy it. Susan is a(n): b. Technophile
Émile Durkheim's much lauded study of suicide is important to the field of sociology in many ways. One of the most influential impacts was: a. It defined the differences between sociology and psychology
. It is parent-teacher conference day at Littleton Elementary School. Jimmy's teacher is anxious to meet his parents and discuss his habit of disrupting the class. When the teacher expresses her concern that Jimmy is not being socialized properly, his dad insists that he was the same way at Jimmy's age and that disrupting the class is natural for the children in his family. Jimmy's teacher and father are arguing about which fundamental sociological theory? c. Nature vs. Nurture
20. As of 2008, how many adults in the United States are in jail or prison? c. 1 in 100*
1. Caleb attended a private high school, which gave each student access to a personal laptop and iPhone. Ted attended a poorly funded public school, which had few computers and outdated technology. When Caleb gets to college, he's more prepared than Ted for coursework which includes computer and online material. This occurrence is an example of: b. Digital divide*
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was created by: a. Core nation countries*
1. In the United States, which race would be considered the dominant group? b. White*
20. Verstehen is defined by the text as: c. To understand in a deep way
1. In the late 2000's, Ugg Boots became a major fashion fixture, sported by everyone from celebrities to college students. The Ugg boots craze is an example of a _____ trend within the United States. c. Cultural*
9. When Jeanette's parents find out her twin brother, Rex, has been sexually active, they tell him to use protection. When they found out Jeanette has been sexually active, they ground her for a month. This is an example of: a. A double standard*
10. For every dollar a man makes in the United States, how much does a woman make? a. $1.52 b. 55 cents c. 92 cents d. 77 cents*
10. Angelica visits Thailand with her family. When she wears short-shorts and tank tops while visiting a series of temples during her first week, she is met with hostility from the locals. She feels she no longer knows how to behave or interact with those outside her family. Angelica is experiencing _____. b. Culture shock
11. The term values can be defined as: b. A culture's standard for discerning what's good and just in society.*
10. ____ believed that societies grew and changed as a result of the struggles of different social classes over the means of production and greatly favored ____. c. Karl Marx; Communism
11. Which theorist claimed that people rise to their proper level in society based solely on personal merit? d. Émile Durkheim
11. Social control is: d. The regulation and enforcement of norms.*
12. Strain theory: c. Addresses the relationship between having socially acceptable goals and having socially acceptable means to reach those goals.*
11. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a bureaucracy: d. Personality-based promotion*
12. The McDonalidization of Society refers to: a. The increasing presence of the fast-food business model in common social institutions.*
11. Which of the following best defines the term patrimonialism? a. Power that people accept because it comes from a source that is perceived as legitimate. b. A military technique which includes the spread of the conquering country's religion. c. A ruling class that is dependent upon the blood line from the father's side of the family. d. A type of authority wherein military and administrative factions enforce the power of the master.*
12. What was the significance of the famous case Reynolds v. Sims? a. It gave African Americans the right to vote. b. It reaffirmed the concept that each person's vote should be counted equally.*
11. Alienation is defined by the text as: a. The condition in which the individual is isolated and divorced from his or her society, work, or sense of self.*
12. Which of the following is NOT one of Marx's four types of alienation? d. Alienation from one's religion*
When a number of young, gay men in New York, San Francisco and Los Angeles began dying of a mysterious disease in the early 1980's, the public began referring to the disease as "the gay cancer," stigmatizing the disease for doctors and patients. This is an example of: a. The medicalization of deviance b. The social construction of the illness experience c. The decriminalization of HIV d. The cultural meaning of illness*
12. Which of the following was not among the United Nations eight Millennium Development Goals set in 2000? a. Reduce child mortality b. Improve maternal health c. Decrease obesity*
Eleanor is researching the effect social media has on worldwide political awareness and revolution. Felix is examining the effect World of Warcraft has on the romantic relationships of middle-aged men in his metro area. Eleanor's analysis is _____, while Felix's analysis is _____. b. Macro-level; micro-level*
13. _____ view society as a structure with interrelated parts designed to meet the biological and social needs of individuals who make up that society. c. Structural Functionalists
13. In first grade, Scott is unfairly singled out by his teacher for bad behavior, partly because his older brothers had behavioral problems themselves. Throughout grade school, Scott gains a reputation as a "problem" child. Scott eventually drops out of school, thinking he was born to fail anyway. Which school of thought best fits Scott's experience? d. Labeling theory*
14. Bernie Madoff, recently sentenced to 150 years in prison for creating a ponzi scheme which caused clients to lose millions of dollars, engaged in which form of crime? b. Corporate crime*
13. A judge and her gavel. A cop and his gun. A lawyer and her power suit. A ____ would be most concerned with the parts these objects play in impression management b. Symbolic interactionist
14. Durkheim defined ______ as the communal beliefs, morals, and attitudes of a society b. Collective conscience
13. Which sociologist studied how cultural capital helps an individual navigate their culture? a. Max Weber b. Karl Marx c. Émile Durkheim d. Pierre Bourdieu*
14. Plessy v. Furguson (b) 15. Brown v. the Board of Education (c) 16. Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia (a) a. Set precedent for universal access to education in the United States b. Allowed racial segregation in schools and private businesses c. Declared that state laws that had established separate schools for black and white students were unequal and unconstitutional
13. Kellan wants to shop at Express for the new school year, but because all of his friends shop at Pacific Sun, Kellan does as well. Kellan's behavior is an example of: c. Conformity
14. The concept "reference groups" can be defined as: d. Groups to which an individual compares himself or herself.*
12. Arizona Senate Bill 1070, often referred to colloquially as the "papers, please" law, was aimed widely at those of: b. Conflict theory*
14. Which group within the United States has been stereotyped as the model minority? a. The Asian American community*
Which of the following is not an example of underemployment? a. After college graduation, Marcus could only find work part-time as a bartender. b. After his wife gave birth to twins, Jerry quit his job to help raise them.*
16. Alex's country was once communist, but now allows limited private ownership of companies, and lets market forces determine production and pricing decisions. What kinds of economy is Alex living in? a. Market Communist b. Market Socialist*
15. True or False: Deviance is always considered a crime? b. False
16. Edwin Sutherland (b) a. Strain theory 17. Travis Hirschi (c) b. Differential association 18. Robert Merton (a) c. Control theory 19. Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay (d) d. Cultural deviance theory
15. A famous socialite is court-ordered to enter a rehabilitation center to eliminate her drug addiction. The socialite is about to become a member of a: d. Coercive organization*
16. Justin enrolls in a local community college so he can one day become an engineer. Justin is about to become a member of a: c. Utilitarian organization*
15. As industrialization began to boom, Durkheim believed people were more susceptible to anomie because: d. All of the above
16. Karl Marx asserted that the means of societal change existed in the tension between: c. The working class proletariat taking the means of production from the wealthy bourgeois.*
15. The term language can be defined as: b. A symbolic system through which people communicate and through which culture is transmitted
16. MTV's widely-watched TV series The Jersey Shore is an example of _____, while the obscure works of playwright Sam Shepard are an example of ______. b. Popular culture; high culture
15. What sociologist pioneered the concept of "The Sick Role"? a. Howard Becker b. Stuart Hall c. Talcott Parsons*
16. Which of the following is an example of legitimation? a. Rihanna pretending to be ill so she can miss her chemistry exam b. Marley's doctor diagnosing him with bronchitis *
16. Max Weber, Georg Simmel, and Karl Marx were all advocates of: a. Conflict theory
17. After weeks of protest in Zuccotti Park, NYC's "Occupy Wall Street" divided into two camps: one composed of higher income protestors, and one composed of lower-income protesters. A ______ would be most interested in the relationship and nature of day-to- day exchanges between the two groups. c. Symbolic interactionist
17. What is one reason unemployment statistics are unreliable? a. Those surveyed frequently lie about their employment status. b. The statistics include only those who are currently looking for work.*
18. Which of the following industries is not projected to experience growth within the United States within the next 10 years? a. Financial b. Healthcare c. Community and Social Service d. Farming, Fishing, and Forestry*
17. The concept anomie can be defined as: a. A situation in which society no longer has the support of a firm collective consciousness
18. Which of the following is an example of role strain? b. Becca returns to work after giving birth to her daughter, finding it difficult to act as mother, wife, and executive.*
1. Sandy is standing in line for Kanye West tickets. The line wraps around the block, spilling into the streets and crowding store windows. Sandy is part of a(n): d. Aggregat
2. What is the difference between a primary group and a secondary group? a. A primary group is small, consisting of emotional face-to-face relationships; a secondary group is larger and impersonal
1. Medical sociology is the systematic study of: a. The causes and distribution of diseases b. Doctor/Patient relationships among ill and healthy patients c. The rate at which social diseases spread amongst varying socioeconomic populations d. How humans manage issues of health and illness, disease and disorders, and health care for both the sick and the healthy*
2. Which of the following is NOT a result of the commodification of health care? a. The wealthy having greater access to healthcare b. Poorer members of society experiencing illness caused by poor diet c. HIV spreading across the United States at a rapid rate in the 1980's*
1. Which of the following best defines the term commodity? a. A physical object we find, grow, or make to meet our needs and those of others.*
2. Which of the following is an example of structural unemployment? a. A large fire burns down an automotive plant in Detroit, forcing the employees temporarily out of work. b. Three sales associates from Target are fired after stealing merchandise from the electronics department. c. John quits his job after getting accepted into law school. d. Though many companies are hiring in Washington D.C., unemployment is high in Tennessee.*
19. In the 2010 film, The Social Network, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg was portrayed as a leader who was goal-oriented, issuing orders and assigning tasks. Which of the following leadership styles did Zuckerberg likely use? a. Authoritarian
20. The term meritocracy is defined by the text as: d. A bureaucracy where membership and advancement is based on proven and documented skills.*
19. Which of the following is NOT an example of a stereotype? a. Cynthia believing her best friend to be good at math because she is Asian. b. Maria assuming her son-in-law is a heavy drinker because he is Irish. c. Isaiah cooking his girlfriend a meat-free dinner because she is a vegetarian.* d. Pedro assuming his neighbor likes rap music because he is African American.
20. True or false: The majority of American citizens are descendents of immigrants? a. True* b. False
19. When Ahmed is in 5th grade, he does poorly in math and science. His teachers recommend him for lower-level classes throughout middle school in all subjects, and he's not given the chance to excel elsewhere. This process is known as: a. Tracking*
20. What factors contribute to inequality within the educational system in the United States? a. Racism b. Socioeconomic status c. All of the above*
Society and culture _____. a. Could not exist without each other
3. Elise travels across Thailand with her friends and, to her surprise, finds the country quite unlike the United States. "I hate the food," she tells her family at home. "I hate the language, I hate the weird customs and awful music. America is clearly the best place to be." This is an example of _______. d. Ethnocentrism*
2. E-readiness can be defined as: a. the ability to sort through, interpret, and process digital knowledge.*
3. Which of the following is an example of planned obsolescence? c. Sarah's iPod breaks just as the newest iPod Nano is being introduced.*
3. ____ societies relied on permanent tools for survival, and expanded due to innovations such as crop rotation and fertilizer. c. Agricultura
4. Which of the following is NOT an example of self-fulfilling prophecy? d. Kevin sprained his ankle a month before a marathon. Though his trainer advises him not to participate, Kevin runs the marathon and places third
4. Adolf Hitler blaming Germany's pre-war problems on the Jewish population is an example of: a. The scapegoat theory*
5. Max believes that most people's racial beliefs are based on images conveyed in popular media since many people never meet members of certain races for themselves. Max's perspective is: d. Symbolic interactionist*
6. The term discrimination is defined in the text as: d. Prejudiced action against a group of people.*
7. Speedy Gonzalez is a popular cartoon character, but is widely considered an inappropriate stereotype. Many children are raised watching Speedy Gonzalez cartoons, unaware that such stereotypes are negative. This is a product of: c. The culture of prejudice*
7. Ivanka Trump is the daughter of business mogul Donald Trump. Her role as heiress to the Trump fortune is an example of ______. c. Ascribed status
8. Functionalist Émile Durkheim viewed society as: d. An organism in which each portion plays a vital role in keeping the organism stable and healthy
7. Jenny is given a doll for 2nd birthday, while her brother, Tyrone, is given a fire truck. This is an example of gender: a. Bending b. Indifference c. Socialization*
8. What is the first agent of socialization? a. The law b. Family*
8. When Alexander, who is white, drives his car over the speed limit, a police officer lets him off with a warning. When Christopher, who is Hispanic, drives his car at the same speed as Alexander on the same road, the officer gives him a ticket, even though his record is clean. This is an example of: b. White privilege*
9. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's executive order 9066, which authorized the establishment of internment camps for anyone with as little as one-eighth Japanese ancestry following Pearl Harbor, is an example of: c. Expulsion*
With the recent Occupy Wall Street Movement, the people of the United States keep hearing about the top 1%. How much of the United State's wealth rests in the hands of the wealthiest top 1% of people? a. 1/3
Charlotte was born to a lower class family in rural Pennsylvania. After taking a job in the mail room of a large corporate office, Charlotte is slowly promoted through the ranks and becomes CEO of the company by the age of 50. What type of stratification is shown in this story? c. Intragenerational mobility*
What has been the main factor that has aided the financial situations of many countries in Latin America? c. A greater emphasis on educating young people*
Child labor and sweatshops have existed since the Industrial Revolution and even before that. Many products sold today are created in these sweatshops, even though, living in the 21st century, we like to think we are above such practices. What is one practical way we can try and stop multinational companies from using such labor? d. We can be responsible consumers and research products before buying them.*
4. Quincia is studying how of the lack of comprehensive sex education is affecting a small, rural town in North Dakota. She spends two months in the town, observing and interviewing the townspeople. Quincia is conducting a(n) _____.
ETHNOGRAPHY
Which statement explains why Immanuel Wallerstein's classification is preferred by sociologist? a. Wallerstein's classification uses neutral terms that allow his classification of nations to be less biased and appear less ethnocentric.*
In the United States, where outsourcing is almost always addressed negatively, companies still get away with outsourcing. How do they do this? c. Americans want lower prices for their consumable products, and the only way for companies to deliver those low prices is to outsource the work to cheaper laborers.*
Which factors do sociologists suspect were the cause for such a high divorce rate during the 1960's? a. There was an increase in women working outside of the home, and also, greater social acceptance of divorce.*
In which part of the family life cycle, do sociologists point to as the most stressful time for a marriage? a. The engagement period. b. The first year of marriage. c. The birth of the first child.*
Which continent has the greatest number of impoverished nations in the world? a. Africa*
Which continent has the largest number of people living in poverty in the world? b. Asia*
One main issue in studying global social inequality is: b. Social inequality is relative and therefore, difficult to compare across cultures.*
Which social class is quickly disappearing from modern economies? Middle Class
13. The term value neutrality is defined by the text as
a. A practice of remaining impartial, without bias or judgment during the course of a study and in publishing results
8. The term interpretive framework can be defined as:
b. A sociological research approach that seeks in-depth understanding of a topic or subject through observation or interaction; this approach is not based on hypothesis testing.*
2. Sociology is defined as the
b. Systematic study of society and social interaction
What is a difference between a more and a folkway?
d. Mores may carry serious consequences if violated; folkways do not.*
7. Functionalist Émile Durkheim believed some deviance within society was: a. Necessary; it challenged people's views.*
8. Which of the following is not a branch of the U.S. Criminal Justice System? b. The jury*
The Kurds are a people group with no homeland. They often are the victims of intimidation and violence which has resulted in their impoverished status as a group. A sociologist studying the Kurds would likely approach his conclusions from the ____________ theoretical perspective. c. Conflict*
. Immanuel Wallerstein's classification of nations uses which set of terms? d. core nation, peripheral nation, semi-peripheral nation*
Hope is desperate for the new designer purse that she saw while window shopping at her local mall. She knew every girl in school would covet her bag and wish to be like her. When she walked in, she whipped out her credit card, and purchased the $5,000 bag. This kind of purchasing is called: a. Conspicuous consumption
. Symbolic interactionists have come to the conclusion that: d. Most people only socialize with people in their same social class.*
What is the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and marriage? a. Men and women who are married feel empowered to report abuse, thus the statistics we have on IPV between married couples are very accurate. b. Men and women who are married experience less abuse, than those who are separated or cohabitating.*
. What is one of the biggest challenges facing groups and organizations that try to prevent intimate partner violence (IPV)? a. The victims of IPV do not report the abuse.*
How do elderly widows and widowers react to death of their significant other? a. Differently: elderly widows often do not remarry while elderly widowers do.*
. Which three states allow some form of physician-assisted suicide? a. Iowa, Nebraska, and Nevada b. Georgia, New York, and Pennsylvania c. Washington State, Oregon, and Montana*
9. Communist regimes, which attempt to control all aspects of citizens' lives, are examples of which form of government: a. Oligarchy b. Dictatorship c. Constitutional monarchy d. Totalitarian dictatorship*
10. In recent decades, lobbying has become a powerful force in the political world. Lobbyists frequently meet behind closed doors with senators, lawmakers, and congressmen and women to push influential legislation through the congressional process. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in examining the lobbying movement? a. Feminist b. Exchange theory c. Functionalism d. Symbolic interactionism*
9. Solomon Asch concluded that one reason people conform to a group is because they believe: b. The group is better informed than they are.*
10. The United States Government is a form of: a. A bureaucracy*
Which of the following would a social epidemiologist be likely to study: a. The effects of redistricting on a local election b. The prevalence of crime surrounding John Hopkins hospital c. The use of cough medicine as a recreational drug for suburban teens d. The high cancer rates surrounding a large manufacturing plant in New Mexico*
10. The United States healthcare system consists of: a. Socialized medicine b. Public and private insurance coverage*
9. By 2009, America had suffered several consecutive quarters of economic decline. America was in the midst of a: a. Capital rebuttal b. Recession*
10. Which of the following best defines the term globalization? a. The process of removing manufacturing and industrial sites from foreign countries and returning them to the United States. b. When products are assembled over the course of several international transactions. c. Long periods of recession followed by sharp economic upturn worldwide. d. The process of integrating governments, cultures, and financial markets through international trade into a single world market.*
9. On the first day of high school, Kaitlin overhears a group of girls calling her "goth" and "emo." She soon begins to don more black clothing, dark makeup, and seek out friends who dress the same. This is an example of ¬¬¬¬______. b. Role playing
10. Which of the following is NOT an example of organic solidarity? b. A freelance artist creating a sculpture of Barack Obama*
9. The term secondary deviance can be defined as: d. When a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society.*
10. Which of the following is an example of a negative informal sanction? b. Beatrix being booed off stage after telling an offensive joke during her comedy routine.*
9. Which of the following is NOT a method used within the United States to produce educational equality? a. Charter schools b. Mandatory tutoring*
10. Which of the following sociological perspectives argues that the educational system reinforces and perpetuates social inequalities arising from differences in class, gender, race and ethnicity? a. Symbolic interactionism b. Conflict theory*
11. Kara has behavioral problems as a young child. As she goes through school, she is labeled "troubled," and told she will never amount to anything. Kara, though intelligent, decides to "live down" to this expectation. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in studying Kara's experience? a. Symbolic interactionism*
12. The term sorting can be defined as: a. A formalized system that places students on "tracks" (advanced, low achievers) that perpetuate inequalities. b. The process by which students are allowed to choose their own classes based on interest. c. Classifying students based on academic merit or potential.*
13. Queen Noor of Jordan is a leader of which form of government? a. Oligarchy b. Dictatorship c. Constitutional monarchy*
14. Over the past decades, the turnout of minority voters has: a. Steadily increased*
13. Keshawn used to work for an IT company in Baltimore, but lost his job when his company decided to use workers in New Delhi instead. This is an example of: a. Outsourcing*
14. The term mercantilism can best be defined as: a. An economic system in which there is private ownership (as opposed to state ownership) and where there is an impetus to produce profit, and thereby wealth. b. When children tend to enter the same or similar occupation as their parents.*
13. The term doing gender can be defined as: a. The refusal to participate in any tasks with gender-specific requirements. b. When people perform tasks based upon the gender assigned to them by society and, in turn, themselves.*
14. When Wendy's sorority sisters discover that Wendy is a lesbian, they hold a secret meeting to decide if Wendy should still be allowed to pledge. A handful of the sisters vote "no." This is an example of: a. Doing gender b. Bisexuality c. Homophobia*
Taylor works as a legal assistant. His insurance doesn't cover treatment for depression, and he spends 15% of his income each month to receive care. This is an example of a. An individual mandate b. Universal healthcare c. Underinsurance*
14. Which sociological perspective argues that sick people fill a societal role, and are stigmatized by society if they spend longer in that role than is appropriate? a. Conflict theory b. Feminist c. Symbolic interactionism d. Functionalism*
14. Qualitative sociology can be defined as a. In-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data.*
15. Political science teacher Mr. Jones asks his students to study how social media can influence public opinion by "following" famous activists, academics, and politicians on Twitter. While reading and exchanging each other's Tweets, some classmates became close friends. The first is an example of the project's ____ function, the second is an example of the project's _____ function. c. manifest; latent*
What is a negative risk of media globalization d. Governments censoring information for their benefit
15. The term panoptic surveillance is defined in the text as: a. A form of constant monitoring in which the observation posts are decentralized and the observed is never communicated with directly
17. Which of the following is an example of a counterculture? c. The hippie movement of the 1960's
18. In 1999, Sean Fanning, John Fanning, and Sean Parker invented Napster, a global, free-of-charge, peer-to-peer music sharing program. Prior to Napster, no such program existed. The three men created _____. a. An innovation
In 1973, the American Psychological Association (APA) declassified homosexuality as an abnormal or deviant disorder. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in the statement the (APA) made to society? a. Exchange Theory b. Structural Functionalism c. Cyberfeminism d. Symbolic Interactionism*
18. In which country is sex education required in public schools? a. The United States b. Sweden*
17. What is the Head Start Program? a. A teaching method which equips students to regurgitate facts in order to do well on standardized tests. b. A federal program that provides academically focused preschool to students of low socioeconomic status.*
18. To make students more competitive in the work force and for graduate school, college professors are beginning to lower the standard for student grades (i.e. what was once considered a B, is now considered an A). This is known as: a. GPA debt b. Systematic grading c. Academic bribing d. Grade inflation*
17. Which sociological pioneer performed an experiment in which he showed a group of participants a paper with three lines on it, all varying in length, and asked them to compare the lines? b. Solomon Asch*
18. When Kevin backpacks across Europe after his high school graduation, he is surprised to find Burger Kings, H&Ms, and even Wal-Mart stores in the foreign cities. This is an example of: b. The McDonaldization of Society*
1. How did Max Weber define power? a. The authority to imprison citizens without cause. b. The legal resources to prosecute and punish. c. Politically elected influence used to control the masses. d. The ability to exercise one's will over others*
2. Juan believes that battles such as the French Revolution are necessary for a country to preserve liberty, to maintain or gain land, and will ultimately lead to a more even distribution of wealth among a population. From which sociological perspective do Juan's thoughts come from? a. Feminist b. Conflict theory*
1. Until 10,000 years ago, the basic structure of human society was based on _____. b. Tribes
2. Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto is based on the ____ perspective d. Conflict Theory
1. Ally's father was sent to prison when she was 12 for the trafficking of narcotics; her brother was arrested when she was 13 for possession of methamphetamines. By the age of 18, Ally has been arrested three times for possession of marijuana. Which theory best describes Ally's experience? a. Differential association theory*
2. The term deviance can be defined as: b. A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.*
1. Which of the following does NOT account for the differences in the educational system from country to country? a. Financial resources from the government and population b. Geographic distribution of male and female students*
2. The term formal education is defined by the text as: a. Learning about cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors through participation in a society. b. The education one receives at a private school, parochial school, or private college. c. An education that is accompanied by a tutor at all times. d. The learning of academic facts and concepts.*
1. What is the difference between sex and gender? a. Sex refers to sexual orientation, and gender refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females. b. Sex is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine, gender is biological characterization of anatomy. c. Sex refers to who a person is sexually attracted to, and gender refers to whom a person chooses to partner with. d. Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.*
2. True or false: A person's sex, as determined by his or her biology, does not always correspond with his or her gender. a. True*
19. What is the Kinsey Scale? a. A six-point rating system that ranges from exclusively heterosexual to exclusively homosexual orientation.*
20. Which of the following contributes to the myths surrounding male and female learning abilities in the classroom? a. Praising males for right answers more often than praising females. b. Giving males more opportunity to expand on their ideas. c. Placing males and females in competition with each other. d. All of the above.*
2. Which of the following is an example of racial steering? a. Real estate agents directing white clients to look for housing in certain neighborhoods, and non-white clients to others.*
3. According to the social construction of race school of thought, race is: d. Not biologically identifiable*
3. What is the difference between a violent crime and a hate crime? d. A hate crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics.*
4. Jake receives a promotion at his law firm after winning an important case. This is an example of a: c. Positive formal sanction*
3. Sheryl was diagnosed with bipolarity when she was a teenager. She's hesitant to tell her friends, and tries her best to hide her diagnosis from her coaches, teachers, and employers, since she's seen other people with the illness be discriminated against on account of it. Bipolarity is an example of a(n): a. Untreatable illness b. Stigmatized illness*'
4. Obesity is rising at the fastest rate in which of the following countries? a. High income*
3. The term sexual orientation can be defined as: a. A term that refers to individuals who identify with the behaviors and characteristics that are opposite of their biological sex. b. A phase which a person outgrows before entering heterosexuality. c. A person's emotional and sexual attraction to a particular sex.*
4. Peggy accepts a job offer as an advertising copywriter. Her boss immediately assigns her campaigns for products such as makeup and cleaning products. Peggy asks for different clients, but her boss tells her she should stick to what she and "her kind" know best. Peggy is experiencing : a. Sexual orientation b. Sexism*
3. During what time period did economies begin to develop globally? a. The Industrial Revolution b. The Post-Industrial Revolution c. The Agricultural Revolution*
4. Terrence and his family own a farm in a remote region of Chile. They farm only enough to produce enough food to feed the family, and pay their taxes. What are Terrence and his family engaging in? a. Capitalism b. Mercantilism c. Capitalistic Farming d. Subsistence Farming*
3. Which of the following is an example of an in-group/out-group dynamic: b. Members of sorority Delta Delta Delta advise their pledges not to socialize with members of pledges of rival sorority Sigma Delta Theta.*
4. When Michael starts high school, he joins the basketball team. He begins to look to his teammate friends for cues on how to behave at dances, in the hallways, and even in the classroom. Michael's basketball team is serving as Michael's _____. b. Reference group
4. Which of the following is an example of a learned custom d. All of the above
5. A cultural universal is: b. A pattern or trait common to all societies
4. After the floppy disk was introduced, zip drives were invented shortly after, followed quickly by flash drives. This is an example of: d. Evolutionary model of technological change*
5. Last week, a major politician was caught in a political scandal. The story was featured on the front page of the New York Times, the Los Angeles Times, CNN.com, and was the lead story on NBC, ABC, and CBS nightly news. This is referred to as: a. Homogenization*
5. A total institution can be defined as d. An organization in which participants live a controlled lifestyle and in which total resocialization occurs
6. Grace works in at an advertising agency. Grace's coworkers help her complete presentations, contact clients, and assist her with research. Her coworkers are serving a(n): d. Instrumental function*
Which of the following is an example of polarization? a. The job market is increasing in the lowest economic levels, and is increasing in the highest economic levels.*
6. Jin is a conflict theorist sociologist. Which of the following statements about Occupy Wall Street would most align with Jin's sociological perspective? a. Occupy Wall Street is positive; our capitalist economy is only making social inequality grow larger.*
5. The Agricultural Revolution is often referred to as "dawn of civilization" because a. Cities and towns were established, and humans had more time for leisure activities.*
6. Please place the following societies in chronological order: d. Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Horticultural; Agricultural
5. Which theorist studied the power elite, and the influence they had over society? d. C. Wright Mills*
6. The term crime can be defined as: a. A behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions.*
5. Chase grew up wanting to wear his sister's dresses over his brother's pants and button up shirts. When Chase turns 18, he decides to begin living as woman, though he's still only sexually attracted to women. He decides he doesn't want to undergo surgery. Chase is: a. Transgender*
6. The term sexuality is defined by the text as: a. An individual's sense of being either masculine or feminine. b. The repressed sexual inclinations of society as a whole. c. An individual's biological gender. d. A person's capacity for sexual feelings.*
5. Until 1973 homosexuality was considered a psychological disorder American Psychological Association. Which sociological perspective would be most concerned with why this was considered an illness, and what effect that diagnosis had on society? a. Exchange theory b. Functionalist c. Feminist d. Symbolic interactionist*
6. What is one of the largest contributors to health problems in low-income countries? a. Veganism b. Clean water access*
5. Which of the following is NOT a latent function of education? a. Political and social integration b. Courtship c. Working in groups d. Transmission of culture*
6. Which of the following is NOT a manifest function of education? a. Socialization b. Social control c. Social placement d. Social networks*
6. The process of simultaneously analyzing the behavior of individuals and the society that shapes that behavior (or, the concept that the individual and society are inseparable) is referred to as: d. Figuration
7. A paradigm can be defined as a. Philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline to formulate theories, generalizations, and the experiments performed in support of them
Many Americans pay for haircuts, trips to the dentist, or transportation on the metro and bus systems. These actions support the notion of capitalism, an example of _____. a. Non-material culture
7. Which of the following is an example of a cultural universal c. Incest taboos*
6. The term technological diffusion is defined as: a. The spread of technology across borders.*
7. Which sociological perspective sees technology and media as a tool individuals use to express how much wealth they have? c. Symbolic Interactionist
7. An instrumental leader: c. Is goal-oriented and largely concerned with accomplishing set tasks.*
8. Christine is president of her Improvisation Comedy Troupe. When making decisions about booking gigs, rehearsal spaces, and call-times, Christine leaves the troupe to decide for themselves. Christine is a(n) _____ leader. c. Laissez-faire*
7. The term xenophobia can best be defined as: a. An illogical fear and even hatred of foreigners and foreign goods.*
8. Davis is low on cash, but really wants an electric guitar. He offers to trade his acoustic guitar, for his friend Bill's electric guitar. Davis is engaging in: a. Supply and demand b. Mercantilism c. Capitalism d. Bartering*
7. Which of the following best defines Medicare? d. A publicly funded health care program which provides health services to people over 65 years old as well as people who meet other standards for disability*
8. Drake lives in Great Britain, where the British government owns and operates the country's health care system. This is an example of ____: a. Socialized medicine*
8. Jeremy wrote an essay criticizing the college admissions process, arguing that heavy competition and limited educational resources make admission difficult for the average student. Which perspective would Jeremy's argument fall under? b. Conflict Theory
9. Alona is examining the impact of the 2011 Penn State scandal on student morale and school spirit by distributing number-scaled surveys in her Introduction to Sociology class. Alona is employing a _____ research method. d. Quantitative
8. How has advertising revenue significantly changed in the past few years? b. Cable and online revenue have remained greatly unchanged, while newspaper and magazine advertising revenue have fallen greatly.*
9. Which of the following is NOT an example of new media a. Barnes and Noble
What seems to be the key (although not the rule) to upward social mobility b. How much education you have.*
A person's position in a country's social stratification is determined by: a. Wealth, power, income, race, education*
Some conflict theorists ascribe to the idea that as time and technology move forward, elderly people are left behind and they lose social standing and power. Which specific theory does this describe? a. Modernization theory*
A symbolic interactionist may choose to study senior centers, and other groups of elderly people. Which theory might they find most useful for their study? a. Subculture of aging theory*
11. What was the significance of NAFTA? a. It encouraged trade with North Korea, which had previously been embargoed. b. It allowed freer trade opportunities for the United States, Canada, and Mexico.*
Apple computers ship their computer parts to India to be made, and station their tech support in India. This is an example of a: a. Decisive export b. Global assembly line*
. Joseph and Paula are excited to welcome their child into the world. They cannot wait to pass on all their knowledge, insight, and rich culture. Just as their parents gave them guidance and showed them how to live, Joseph and Paula will continue the chain by handing down their societal values and thus, sustain the society they love so much. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit? a. Structural Functionalism*
Baby Marla is always well dressed. She has ribbons, bows, and frills all over her dresses and even in her hair. Her mother, who is worried that people might mistake Marla for a little boy, is determined to communicate to the world that she has a baby girl. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit? c. Symbolic Interactionism
19. Which of the following best defines the concept of "The Sick Role"? a. The pattern of expectations that define appropriate behavior for the sick and for those who take care of them*
Dana's lives in a country which guarantees healthcare for all of its citizens. Dana lives in a country which uses: a. Globalization healthcare b. Optimization healthcare c. Market-driven healthcare d. Universal healthcare*
Parents often socialize their children to: b. Understand and follow the same norms that they themselves follow*
Education is important to society because: d. All of the above*
20. The term cyberfeminism is defined by the text as: a. The application to and promotion of feminism online
Elisa graduated from college with a double major and was inducted into the Phi Beta Kappa society. She was then offered a job in New York where she worked 12 hours a day and produced excellent results. Within two years she had over 100 employees working under her. Elisa's hard work was rewarded with a raise and a bonus. This form of promotion is based on the principles of: a. A meritocracy
Which of the following is NOT true about old age? a. Women notice wrinkles as one of the first signs of aging. b. Elderly people lose all appetite and drive for sex.*
Elizabeth Kübler-Ross's book On Death and Dying added much content knowledge to which field? a. Thanatology*
During her first day of kindergarten, Marie does not understand how the lunch line in the cafeteria works. She hesitates and watches as the older kids pick up their trays and silverware and then get in line. She follows their lead and successfully buys herself lunch. Marie's experience in the lunchroom is an example of _____. a. Socialization
Erik Erikson's theory explains d. How the actions of society help shape personalities throughout the eight basic stages of life.*
How is global stratification different from social stratification? c. Global stratification examines a myriad of different types of prejudice and inequality, while social stratification covers the social class and standing of individuals.*
In recent times, scholars have been trying to sort out why the countries on the continent of Africa, as a whole, have trouble competing to today's global, capitalist economy. While an answer to this question is complex and carries with it many ambiguities, most scholars point to European colonialism as a key to understanding the current state of Africa. A sociologist studying this topic, would ascribe to which theoretical paradigm? c. Conflict* theory
88 million people live on less than $1.00 a day. These people are said to be living in _____________. c. Absolute poverty*
Maria babysits as a form of income while she is in college. Because the amounts she gets per job are not huge, Maria never bothers to report her earnings to the IRS. Maria is a part of the _____________. a. Underground economy*
1. Alexis wants to research the 1960's feminist movement. She reads articles from the time period, watches documentaries, reads scholarly journals on the topic, and interviews influential women from the movement. What kind of research method is Alexis using?
SECONDARY DATA ANALYSIS
17. In recent years, a great compulsion to engage in frequent and risky sexual behaviors was deemed sexual addiction. This is an example of: a. Individualized deviance b. Deviant qualification c. Commodification of health care d. Medicalization of deviance*
Shane believes that the commodification of health has created a large number of problems within the United States. From which sociological perspective does this come from? a. Conflict theory*
5. A class of third graders is told that the assistant principal will be visiting their class to confirm their teacher's reports of bad behavior. When the principal visits, the students behave perfectly. This is an example of ________.
THE HAWTHORNE EFFECT
6. Which of the following is NOT an example of a sociological hypothesis?
THE MORE CD'S JAMAILLA BUYS, THE LESS MONEY SHE HAS IN HER BANK ACCOUNT
11. When thinking about gender, Jeff sees men as the dominant social group and women the subordinate group. This exploitation of the subordinate group has created social problems, such as high rates of poverty among single mothers. Which sociological perspective best fit Jeff's views? a. Conflict Theory*
Tasha believes that gender is about the division of labor in the family. In the pre-industrial era, men were the hunter-gatherers and bread-winners, and women were keepers of the home. After World War II, changes in the family structure allowed women to become breadwinners also, altering the roles of the family. From what sociological perspective do Tasha's thoughts come? a. Conflict Theory b. Structural Functionalism*
Watching television shows can be a good way to understand and study families because: a. They teach us what the ideal family should look like. b. They teach us how to behave when parents get upset. c. They teach us how to think through the consequences of certain actions. d. They teach us how a family on screen can represent the values of the era in which they aired.*
The U.S. Census Bureau keeps records of different statistics that pertain to families. For example, in 2010, there were three million children who did not live with their parents. 54% of these children were: a. Living with foster parents b. Living with their grandparent(s)*
7. Malik grew up in an affluent household which embraced activities such as attending the opera, visiting museums, and traveling to foreign countries at least once a year. When Malik goes to college, he finds he has much to talk about with professors, and fellow students from similar backgrounds. Malik is enjoying the benefits of: a. Grade inflation b. Cultural capital*
The concept hidden curriculum can be defined as: a. A type of nonacademic knowledge that one learns through informal learning and cultural transmission.*
19. Charles Cooley's concept of the looking-glass self hypothesizes that: c. People base their images on how they think other people see them
The term institutionalization can be defined as: b. The act of implanting a convention or norm into society.*
No one in the United States can watch the news without hearing about the struggle over Social Security. Which approach has been used in the past to avoid the program's collapse? a. Increasing the work week to 80 hours so that there is more money coming into the program. b. Increase the age at which someone can start collecting Social Security.*
What is a dependency ratio? a. It is the comparison of working people to non-working people.*
What causes some caretakers to abuse their elderly charges? a. Job satisfaction b. Depression*
What is the basic idea behind disengagement theory? a. As people age, they think less and less about being married to their spouse, and more about their individuality. b. As people age, they disengage with their friends in order to spend more time with their families. c. As people age, they generally withdraw from all forms of society.*
Which of the following is NOT a product of gender stereotyping? a. Keisha's mom encouraging her to take home economics over shop class so she can please her future husband. b. A music store employee encouraging a young woman to study the piano or flute instead of the drums or guitar. c. A teacher discouraging a female student from entering the military, suggesting nursing school instead. d. A father buying a basketball hoop for his daughter's eighth birthday.*
What is the purpose of queer theory? a. To question the ways society perceives and experiences sex, gender, and sexuality.*
Sanchita worships three different and separate gods. Her religion falls into which category? a. Monotheism b. Polytheism*
What name do Buddhists give to their four basic rules? a. Communion b. Commandments c. Pathways to Meditation d. Noble Truths*
Why do sociologists find the study of family to be so important when trying to grasp the mores and norms of a culture? a. Families provide for each other as well as carry out and teach a particular culture to other members of the family.*
When Maria married John, she moved to John's house which was adjacent to his parent's house. Her mother-in-law was always over giving Maria advice on everything from decorating to icing cakes. Maria lives in a: a. Matridistant residence b. Patridistant residence c. Matrilocal residence d. Patrilocal residence*
The ___________ records Jewish interpretations of the _____________ which is their sacred text. a. Torah; Talmud b. Hasidic texts; Aggadic Midrashim c. Talmud; Torah*
When Rosa and Sergei realized that the poor were being neglected in their city, they mobilized the members of their synagogue to send letters to the government asking them to fix the growing rate of poverty, or at least, fund the citizens so they might help their neighbors. This is an example of: a. Zero-Tolerance Theology b. Liberation Theology*
Accusing people of DWE (driving while elderly) is considered a type of: a. Clairvoyance b. Ageism*
When elderly people are considered elders and leaders of a group of people, they are functioning under a(n): a. Republic b. Meritocracy c. Oligarchy d. Gerontocracy*
3. Jackson lives in rural Chile, and is the son of a poor farmer. The nearest school is 50 miles away, and he has no means to get there. What does the educational system in Jackson's country lack? a. Formal education b. Informal education c. Universal access*
Which court case set the precedent for access to education within the United States for students with disabilities? a. Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia*
What is the relationship, if any, between people who cohabitate and then get married, and those people who wait to live together after they marry? a. Cohabitating, unmarried partners have a slightly higher divorce rate after they get married than those who don't cohabitate until after marriage.*
Which is one reason that sociologist cite to explain why men and women are delaying marriage until their mid-to-late twenties? a. Many young people place education and career higher than marriage on their list of priorities.*
19. In the early 2000's, The L Word and Queer as Folk debuted on Showtime. Both shows depicted the lives of members of the LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) community, thus giving viewers a glimpse into a ¬¬______. c. Subculture
Which of the following is an example of an informal sanction? a. The football team throwing a slushy in Finn's face because he tried to join the Glee club. *
19. Many of the world's most powerful corporations have headquarters in New York City, which hosts endless influential events, and offers an advanced transportation infrastructure. New York City is a ______ city. a. Declining b. Global*
Which of the following is an example of convergence theory in action? a. Germany rebuilt its economy after World War II, creating more job opportunities and prosperity for its citizens. *
8. Kurt and Mitch visit an Amish village on a class trip. "Let's see if we can round up some old radios and appliances and drop them off for them later this week. I think they'll appreciate it. They just don't understand what they're missing." Mitch rolls his eyes. Kurt's perspective is an example of _______. b. Cultural imperialism
Which of the following is an example of cultural relativisim c. Helena putting aside her vegetarianism to eat meals with the local tribe she is studying.*
What correlation between religion and society did Max Weber see and study? a. Religion was pushed out of society as countries began to industrialize. b. Religion was important to lower class people, but not very important to those in higher classes. c. Religion was very influential over the economy and the habits of workers.*
Which position describes Karl Marx's view of religion and society? a. Religion was the key to uniting the Bourgeoisie and the Proletariat. b. Religion simply kept the Proletariat in their low social class.*
. Which is an effect of absolute poverty that also contributes to its cyclical nature? a. Lack of education*
Which statement would you find in the analysis of poverty by Neckerman and Torche? c. Once poverty has entered an geographic location, it is very difficult to get rid of.*
Many people are familiar with the yin-yang symbol. From which religion does this come? a. Confucianism b. Baha'i c. Taoism*
Which text is considered sacred to Christians of all sects? a. The Book of Mormon b. The Apocrypha c. The Hymnal d. The Bible*
Before the dawn of social media, powerful TV networks and widely circulated newspapers had great influence over the news stories that were reported to the public. This is referred to as: c. Gatekeeping*
Which theorist would be most interested in who controls the media, and the ways in which the dominant race and class minimizes the media presence of the lower classes and other races? a. A conflict theorist
Which number does the World Bank use to determine the status and classification of each nation? a. Gross National Income*
Which trend has the World Bank seen in its study of poverty in low-income nations? c. More women live in poverty than men
Which of the following is NOT true of the sociological perspective on religion? a. Religion is a cultural universal. b. Religion is a social institution. c. Religion is a system of beliefs. d. Religion is a symbol of high culture.*
Which two words did Émile Durkheim use to distinguish between religious objects and non-religious objects? a. Sacred; profane *
The world population is growing and aging. In an effort to collectively deal with some of the challenges facing the elderly, several countries gathered at a summit. Which plan was the result of this summit? a. The Brussels Plan b. The Berlin Plan c. The Madrid Plan*
While visiting your dad at his nursing home, you see an elderly lady sitting at the table with a full tray of food in front of her. She is in a wheel chair and seems depressed. You conclude that she is experiencing: a. Primary aging b. Secondary aging*
Ahmed has been trying to change his schedule so that he can take one more AP class his senior year in high school. He keeps running between the guidance office and the administration office to sort out the problem. Ahmed's interaction with the school's bureaucracy is an example of: d. The hidden curriculum of schools*
Whose study described the differences in the way that boys and girls view morality? a. Carol Gilligan*
The Davis-Moore Thesis states: c. That the more society values a particular profession, the more the people in that profession will make.*
Whose work do conflict theorists rely on to help form their arguments surrounding social stratification? d. Karl Marx*
Some believe that religion is important because it adds meaning to people's lives and provides answers to difficult questions. A sociologist following which theory would agree with this statement? a. A structural functionalist*
You are interested, like Durkheim, in how ordinary objects become sacred. Which theoretical approach will help you most in analyzing the data you collect? a. Structural functionalism b. Conflict theory c. Symbolic interactionism*
. Which is an example of how someone can start proactively planning for their old age? a. Ignore the problem and hope that they can just stay in their homes. b. Assume their children will take care of them. c. Pick out a nursing home that provides care for any foreseeable health needs.*
Your grandmother is still very active and loves to get her friends together for bridge on Friday. They always talk about all those old-old people down at the senior center who like to play bingo. About how old are the old-old senior citizens to whom they are referring? a. 67 b. 72 c. 75 d. 85*
3. Which of the following men coined the term positivisim, and is widely considered the father of sociology?
a. Auguste Comte
9. Tyson is researching whether actors on prime-time television and hit movies negatively impact teenagers' body images. He is going undercover at a local high school to observe and participate with the students to better understand the world they live in. Tyson is conducting which research method?
a. Field research
10. Which of the following is an example of nonreactive research?
a. Gathering data from government studies
17. What is the importance of interpretive framework?
a. It leads to in-depth knowledge of a participant's social world
5. While examining the recent mortgage crisis, a sociologist would consider all but which of the following factors?
a. The number of U.S. economic analysts
11. Miguel is doing a research paper on New York City's Stone Wall riots of 1969. He visits the scene of the riots, interviews people who were there, reads the police reports of the event, and watches video footage. Miguel is conducting a(n) ______.
b. Case study
20. In order to better understand the sorority pledging process at her university for her sociology thesis, Carmen pledges with a popular sorority. This is an example of _____.
b. Participant observation
1. On Wednesday nights, Joshua attends meetings for Young Life, a Christian-oriented youth group, with his friends, and church on Sunday with his family. This is an example of shared _¬¬¬____ within Joshua's culture
c. Beliefs
15. Which of the following is an example of an unethical sociological research practice
c. Observing study participants without their consent
Which of the following is not a purpose of the American Sociological Association's code of ethics?
c. To ensure the financial gain of the researchers
2. Reliability is defined by the text as:
d. A measure of a study's consistency that considers how likely results are to be replicated if a study is reproduced.*
4. Please define C. Wright Mill's sociological imagination.
d. How individuals understand their own and others' pasts in relation to history and social structure
3. John wants to study whether a larger number of laptops available to students at his school lead to higher grades. Choose the independent and dependent variable.
d. Independent variable: Number of laptops; Dependent variable: Grades
Kevin conducted a study on whether the length of the line at a local Starbucks affected how well the customers enjoyed their coffee after receiving it. Malcolm conducted the study at his local Starbucks, and found the same results. Kevin's study had a high level of _____.
d. Reliability
Kyle is collecting newspaper clippings from his grandfather about the American public's perception of World War II. This is an example of ______.
d. Secondary data
Thomas wants to better understand the trends in literacy rates in Baltimore city over the past 50 years using Baltimore city data. What type of research should Thomas conduct
d. Secondary data analysis
18. Weber's proposal of antipositivism influenced sociological researchers to ______ while examining different social worlds. d. Gain a subjective understanding of human cultural norms
According to Durkheim, which of the following is NOT a social fact d. All of the above are social facts
Some sociologists have pointed out that gender roles are often determined by how a society socializes young boys and girls. Which of the following is an example of socializing a child into a gender role? b. Buying Sarah a toy kitchen to play with.*
According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, when do humans begin to think about the feelings of other people and begin to see the world through other people's eyes? c. In their teenage years
If you consider the University of Virginia's National Marriage Project, what can be concluded from their study? a. Finances are an important foundation for a successful marriage.*
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, three fourths of children of divorced parents, live with their mother. What impact might this have on the U.S. male population over time? d. Men may be more aggressive which may lead to an increase in crime, domestic violence, etc.*
An example of slavery, according to Anti-Slavery International, is: b. Factories using child labor*
Areas that once had vast economic growth and large amounts of industry, but are now suffering from the effects of outsourcing are going through a period of: b. Deindustrialization*
1967's Supreme Court case Loving v. Virginia, a case which legally allowed interracial marriage, is an example of c. Amalgamation*
Asad's first grade class is diverse: there are two students from Korea, five students from South America, two students from the United States, three students from Kuwait, a student from Mexico, two students from England, and five students from western Europe. Asad's class is: b. Pluralistic*
7. Kendra is researching the effects of vitamin C on test-taking ability. Before the exam, Kendra gives group A orange juice, and group B water. Group B is the ______.
CONTROL GROUP
17. The term assimilation is defined by the text as: c. The process by which a minority individual or group takes on the characteristics of the dominant culture.*
Cedric's uncle believes that racism and discrimination have made a positive impact on society - but only in the lives of those who are members of the dominant group. Which sociological perspective is Cedric's uncle coming from? a. Functionalism*
If you work with children, why is it important to be ever vigilant for any signs of child abuse? a. Social Services will sue you if you miss any sign of child abuse. b. Most reports of child abuse come from non-relative adults who interact with the child.*
Corporal Punishment is another way of saying: a. White Collar Crime b. Life in prison c. Spanking*
Which classification method best shows how competitive a nation's economy is in global terms? b. Calculating the GDP per capita of each country and using those numbers to create a global average that can be used as an economic yard stick.*
GNI PPP, or gross national income divided by purchasing power parity, helps measure: a. The standard of living in a country
17. Please define representative democracy: a. A form of government in which a small percentage of the population is represented by popular election, and the rest of the population is represented by those whose office is dependent upon noble birth. b. A government of a nation that recognizes monarchs but requires these figures to abide by the laws of a greater constitution. c. A form of government in which power is held by a small, elite group. d. A government wherein citizens elect officials to represent their interests.*
Hitler was an example of what kind of authority? a. Charismatic*
When Hildegard visited a Church of Christ, she realized just how similar their practices and beliefs are to her regular denomination of choice, the Episcopalian Church. These similarities probably mean that the Church Christ is: a. A faith that is not part of any larger category. b. A cult within the Christian faith. c. A sect within the Christian faith.*
If someone who follows the teaching of Confucius mentions the word jen, they are referring to: a. Their sacred texts. b. A teaching that everyone should be treated kindly.*
16. Tyson visits China over spring break, and after getting online to write home to her parents, she realizes some of her favorite social media sites are blocked by the Chinese government. She becomes concerned with how technology reinforces inequalities among communities, both within and among countries. What sociological perspective best fits Tyson's concerns? d. Conflict*
In 1983, 50 corporations owned the majority of mass-media outlets. Today, the majority of mass-media outlets are owned by how many corporations? c. 6
10. The term segregation is defined in the text as: d. The physical separation of two groups, particularly in residence, but also in workplace and social functions.*
In 2010, what did controversial Senate Bill 1070 propose, causing a series of protests and legal battles? During a lawful stop, detention, or arrest, Arizona police officers may establish the immigration status of anyone they suspect may be here illegally.*
During the Medieval Age monks would lock themselves inside a monastery in order to devote their lives to prayer. A sociologist in the 21st century would look at this cultural phenomenon and label it: a. A total institution
In an effort to control a total institution, and to create a community of sameness, inmates are forced to strip down, be searched by police officers, and given identical uniforms before entering prison. This is an example of _______. b. A degradation ceremony
Mohit spent his days combing through garbage in Mumbai, India with his brothers and sisters. Sometimes he would find food, or something to sell for money. He never tried to overcome his lower-class status because he had seen his friends try and fail. So, he accepted his fate, and tried to live life as best he could in a closed society. Mohit is an example of someone living under: c. A caste system
It was time for Oli to marry. He had finished school and was starting a job. His parents chose a bride for him whose parents had the same amount of wealth and belonged to the same class as they did. Oli and his bride will have a(n) _________ marriage. b. Endogamus*
Bobby came home from school crying because the other kids in his class were calling him stupid. His mother tried to console him, but he really started to believe that he was stupid. Charles Cooley would say that this is a classic example of _______. a. The looking-glass self
Katrina, age 5, and Sharon, age 4, love to play together while their mothers chat. Katrina has a toy iron and washing machine. She and Sharon spend hours "washing" and "ironing" her baby doll's clothes, just like they see their mothers do. Which of George Herbert Mead's stages of development are Katrina and Sharon exemplifying? a. The preparatory stage
When a sociologist says that she used a cohort study to gather and analyze her data, what does she mean? a. She took a large number of subjects and collected a large amount of data which she broke down into measurable and consistent groups as a way to make the facts clearer to her audience.*
Marcy and her three children have been trying to scrape by ever since Marcy's husband was killed in an automobile accident. Given what you know about George Murdock's theory, what would you expect to happen to this family? a. Marcy would lie in bed weeping hysterically and ignore the needs of her children. b. Marcy would become a stellar stay-at-home mom. c. Marcy would go back to work and rely on her parents for childcare.*
. Sumaira is scared that she will not find a job in the current economy. She decides to be a business major and attend one of the top business schools in the country. Upon graduation, she is hired by a major investment banking firm in New York. Sumaira has completed: c. Anticipatory socialization
Mark, whose parents are wealthy, has been socialized to believe that he can be whoever he wants to be. His best friend Matt, whose parents are blue-collar workers, has been socialized to believe that hard work and following instructions is all he needs to support himself. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit? b. Conflict
13. How many pillars are essential to the Islamic faith? a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6*
Megachurches have become popular in certain parts of the United States. Where else in the world are megachurches widely popular? a. South Korea*
What did Marx and Freud see as the downfall of religion that would lead to the secularization of society? a. Class stratification of society b. Social strains of society c. Apathy of society d. Modernization of society*
On any given day, there is often a story about prayer in schools in the news. For decades people have disagreeing over the constitutionality of prayer in schools. This controversy is a great example of the tension between: a. Church and State*
Family is a term that is difficult to define. When studying sociology it is important to remember that: a. Sociologist try to keep the definition open so that people who walk by each other on the street are a family. b. Sociologists try to keep the definition open to encompass all types of people who are emotionally close to each other.*
Passing on one's heritage, possessions, and wealth is: a. The right of the first born male in every country in the world. b. The right of the first born female in every country in the world. c. Generally based on lineage, which is defined by one's culture and family.*
To a conflict theorist, marriage and families are fascinating because: a. All married men and women fight every single day of their lives. b. No one ever gets what they want, so everyone compromises. c. All teenagers always fight with their parents. d. Within the family are social standings and power struggles*
Peter finds that he always reacts differently to correction from his father than from his mother. What might a symbolic interactionist studying families make of this situation? a. Peter needs professional counseling. b. Peter plays different roles with his father and mother.*
A sociologist studying how religious beliefs become so deeply rooted in people that they can hate people of other religions probably is: a. A structural functionalist b. A conflict theorist *
Roberto has just moved to a new city. He does not know anyone but he wants to find a mosque where he can practice Islam. Which theory will Roberto use, either consciously or subconsciously, to make a decision? a. Rational Choice Theory*
When your mother-in-law fell and broke her hip at age 72, you were concerned because she is still ________________. a. Young-old*
Sociologists have adopted the phrase, "the graying of the United States." What does this phrase mean? a. People are living under so much stress now, that they are going gray early. b. Gray is culturally considered beautiful and thus people are bleaching their hair. c. The greatest part of the population is reaching the age of 65 and entering old age.*
. The transition from college life to work life can be quite difficult for many young adults in the United States. Which is a possible cause for this struggle? d. All of the above
Sherry is in her mid-eighties and is moving to a nursing home. She is used to getting up at 5 o'clock each morning and making breakfast for herself. Her new roommate likes to sleep until 7 o'clock and breakfast is not served at the nursing home until 8 o'clock. What is Sherry most likely to experience through this transition? c. Resocialization.*
In 2008 the United States, as well as the rest of the world, felt the effects of the recession. After the collapse of the housing market, people lost their jobs and they quit spending money. Many people could not afford their mortgages anymore and their homes went into foreclosure. For many people, it was a time of __________. d. Downward mobility*
Since the social classes in the United States do not have any clear boundaries, how is a sociologist supposed to determine whether their subjects are in the upper class or the upper-middle class? a. Upper class is often defined as having control over one's life and the lives of people around you, while the upper-middle class is often defined as having control only over one's own life.*
Cate is the daughter of a Senator and the former CEO of a Fortune 500 company. Harry grew up on a farm, tilling the land for a living. They are planning a June wedding. They will have a(n)___________ marriage. a. Exogamous*
Which factor is considered when evaluating someone's standard of living? d. All of the above*
What is particularly unique about the United States middle class b. It is broken into two subcategories: upper and lower middle class.*
Which historical event was greatly responsible for global stratification as we see it today? d. The Industrial Revolution
According to Erik Erikson's theory on aging, what is the final hurdle that most people who reach old age must overcome? a. Despair*
Which is a social issue that many elderly females discover they are victims of? a. Being patronized by gas station attendants. b. Being suspected of shoplifting by sales clerks. c. Being carded to prove their Senior Citizen status. d. Having their medical ailments trivialized by doctors.*
Janet is visiting her childhood friend in the Hamptons. Janet wears ripped jeans and Chuck Taylors to an infamous "White" party. The majority of party-goers refuse to socialize with her. Janet is experiencing a form of ____. c. Social control
Which of the following is NOT an example of a formal norm within the United States? d. Making eye contact while speaking*
3. Traditional (a) 4. Charismatic (c) 5. Rational-Legal (b) a. Power legitimized on the basis of long-standing customs b. Power that is legitimized by rules, regulations, and laws c. Power legitimized on the basis of a leader's exceptional personal qualities
Which sociological perspective would consider activism such as Occupy Wall Street and Teacher's Union rallies undesirable, because they force political change? a. Feminist b. Conflict theory c. Functionalism*
Which of the following contributes lower percentage of voter turnout from those who come from lower socioeconomic backgrounds? a. Voting sites frequently discourage participation from those of lower socioeconomic backgrounds. b. Members of lower socioeconomic backgrounds are more likely to overestimate the voting practices of their peers. c. Lower-paying jobs frequently have less flexible hours, making time to vote difficult.*
Which sociologist saw political conflict as the only means of promoting positive change for the underprivileged? a. G. William Domhoff b. C. Wright Mills c. Karl Marx*
What is the difference between an oligarchy and a monarchy? a. Members of an oligarchy do not necessarily achieve their status based on ties to noble ancestry, while members of a monarchy do.*
Which sociologist studied the power elite, and wrote the book entitled Who Rules America? a. G. William Domhoff*
Which of the following is not a step in the scientific method
c. Receive corroboration from the field