sociology final
officially written rules
formal norms
what are the 6 theories utilized in societal analysis?
functionist, figurational, critical, interactionist, conflict, feminist
Unwritten rules/understandings
Informal norms
founder of women in sports tech (www.womeninsportstech.org)
Marilou McFarlane
media distribution practice utilizing streaming as sources to watch sporting events
OTT viewing
the dimension of an experience related to one's behavior/physical response
conative
identify 3 trends in youth sports
parents becoming over involved performance ethic being prioritize organizations being privatized
a culture or society where only male members have authority
patriarchal sovereignty
charging partipants for participation
pay to play
using outcome as the indicator of the quality of sport experiences
performance ethic
one who participates in health-enhancing physical activity
physically educated
obtaining and analyzing data that is subjective
qualitative research
obtaining and analyzing data that can be counted
quantitative research
members of a society have different amounts
social inequality
rules of behavior that are considered acceptable in a group or society
social norm
from a functionalist perspective, how does sport contribute to the educational goals of an educational institute?
socialization social integration - sports brings different types of people to school social placement - sports give people opportunities for education
core norms used to assess identity and group membership in sport culture
sport ethic
study of sport and physical activity in the context of social conditions and culture
sport sociology
placing athletes in certain positions based on racial sterotypes
stacking
from a critical theorist point of view, how would the globalization of sport be viewed?
talk about change, talk about how nationalism can grow. take the good and bad from leagues and form better ones
in the above spectrum of sport deviance, what are the three segments of the spectrum. define/describe each segment?
under development - athlete shows up late, skips, under performs developed - athlete meets standards and regulations, but not over achieve overdeveloped - athlete goes above and beyond, to spark fuel in teammates and coaches
describes the short term economic, social, and environmental value of mega events
unustainability
from a feminist theorist point of view, how would the globalization of sport be viewed?
women are underrepresented. their sports dont get televised as often and the funding is less than male sports
legal status under which a company operates
Business structure
identify the 4 parts of the sport pyramid (top to bottom)
work sport games play
fear and hatred of strangers or foreigners
xenophobia
organization's initiative to assess and take responsibility for its effects
CSR
What impact has John Wooten and the Fritz Pollard Alliance had in addressing diversity and discrimination in sport?
Each team must interview one minority when looking for positions on coaching staffs
How would a conflict theorist identity/view deviance in sport?
Sports bring out everyones bad side and leads to cheating and dishonesty - failing a drug test for PED's
Title IX
"No person in the United States shall on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to Discrimination under any educational program or activity receiving Federal Financial Assisstance"
the average career length for a professional athlete is a. 3.5 years b. 5 years c. 10 years
a. 3.5 years
the largest intercollegiate sport organization is the a. NCAA b. NAIA c. NCCAA d. NJCAA
a. NCAA
participation sport is played for a. exercise and enjoyment b. competition c. financial gain d. high performance
a. exercise and enjoyment
which social group influences young children the most in terms of sport participation a. family b. friends c. coaches d. school
a. family
which of following is not true about athletes and religion? a. religious athletes have higher moral development than nonreligous athletes b. athletes sometimes use religion to justify their strong commitment to high performance c. a shared religion can enhance bonds between teammates d. religion can help athletes handle the pressure of competition
a. religious athletes have higher moral development than nonreligious athletes
which of the following is not a reason that females were historically excluded from competitive sport? a. lack of interest from females b. sport being perceived as harmful to female bodies c. supposed lesbian tendencies of females in sport d. lack of female sport role models
a. religious athletes have higher moral development than nonreligious athletes
The two most popular sports worldwide for playing and watching combined are a. soccer and cricket b. basketball and baseball c. soccer and basketball d. football and soccer
a. soccer and cricket
conflict theorist would likely be sympathetic to the needs of a. sport participants b. sport team owners c. sport organizations d. sport television producers
a. sport participants
the most significant source of annual revenue for owners of professional football franchises is a. television rights fee b. ticket sales c. luxury box sales d. stadium concessions (including refreshments, parking, and merchandise
a. television rights fee
social programs created to integrate sport scenarios into their academic teaching
academic development
social programs created to serve economically disadvantaged youth
academic enrichment
giving up something because it's more than someone else
advantageous inequality
the dimension of an experience related to one's emotional response
affective
what are two of the four goals in studying the sociology of sport?
analyze patterns, identify and fix problems
what are two phases of the Olympics? What was/is the purpose of each phase
ancient - men showcase strength and talent modern - symbolize unity, nationalistic pride
founder of majorleaguegirls.com
anya alvarez
what are the three questions that need to be asked to test for compliance to title IX
are school participant numbers proportional to enrollment does school show history of progress are men and women treated equally
social programs created to use sport to help "hook" social deviant children/youth
at risk prevention
for NCAA Division I schools without football, what proportion of mens basketball programs generate net revenue? a. 0 percent b. 10 percent c. 40 percent d. 75 percent
b. 10 percent
which country increased the globalization of sport through colonialism? a. Greece b. Great Britain c. United States d. China
b. Great Britain
based on the number of teams (rather than the number of participants), the most popular high school sport is a. baseball b. basketball c. football d. track and field
b. basketball
which of the following is not a way in which sport contributes to peace building? a. rebuilding economies b. building new sport facilities c. establishing communication d. reconciling torn socieites
b. building new sport facilities
football players who try to get away with holding an opposing player illegally in order to gain an advantage often rationalize their actions by saying that "everyone does it." according to Kohlberg's model, these players are operating at what level of moral reasoning? a. preconventional (punishment and obedience) b. conventional (good boy or girl) c. conventional (law and order) d. postconventional (social contract)
b. conventional (good boy or girl)
if you wanted to write a paper based on research indicating that males receive 90 percent of the sport media's attention, which perspective would make the most sense for you to use? a. conflict theory b. feminist theory c. critical theory d. interactionist theory
b. feminist theory
the type of physical activity that has shown the greatest statistical growth in participation over the past decade is a. individual sport b. fitness activity c. ball sports d. female sport
b. fitness activity
which sport is the most successful at attracting television sponsorship? a. soccer b. football c. baseball d. basketball
b. football
athletes of various religious use prayer to help them a. cheat in order to win b. reduce pressure c. avoid competition d. avoid academic responsibility
b. reduce pressure
if an activity involves formal rules, an emphasis on outcome, and specialized equipment, it is considered to be which of the following? a. game b. sport c. play d. new game
b. sport
many international athletes now call the United States home because a. they have come to enjoy the American way of life b. they find economic opportunity in major competitions c. their sponsorship contract requires it d. they like the favorable climate
b. they find economic opportunity in major competitions
technology to create transparent marketplace for wagers
blockchain
from the class lecture, give 2 reasons why the study of the sociology of sport?
build connections, gives athletes and teams identities
according to plunkett research, annual revenues from the purchase of sport clothing and equipment are approximately a. US $500 million b. US $1 billion c. US $50 billion d. US $100 billion
c. US $50 billion
what percentage of football and men's basketball programs have shown a profit in recent years a. none b. about 10 percent c. about 50 percent d. over 75 percent
c. about 50 percent
The proportion of Latin American players in Major League Baseball is a. almost 10 percent b. almost 20 percent c. almost 30 percent d. almost 40 percent
c. almost 30 percent
youth sport participation tends to a. involve individual sports b. be guided by expereinced coaches c. be community driven d. involve outdoor recreational sports
c. be community driven
in the 1970s, of every dollar spent on sport, a. equal amounts were spent on girls and on boys b. boys received 70 centsand girls 30 cents c. boys received 99 cents and girls 1 cent d. girls received 60 cents and boys 40 cents
c. boys received 99 cents and girls 1 cent
Which of the following factors produced the global expansion of athletic clothing and equipment? a. explosion in global sport b. the internet c. cheaper labor and manufacturing costs d. more accessible air travel
c. cheaper labor and manufacturing costs
which of the following theories used in sport sociology is more likely to defend the status quo rather than propose changes? a. feminist b. conflict c. functionalist d. critical
c. functionalist
poor sporting behavior is more likely to occur in a. youth sport in general b. recreational sport c. high performance youth sport d. high performance professional sport
c. high performance youth sport
which of the following is not a typical reason that children drop out of youth sport? a. participation expenses b. risk of injury c. not winning d. lack of fun
c. not winning
which of the following is not true in relation to sporting behavior? a. professional athletes are role models b. athletes need to be taught fair play c. participation sports typically have fewer instances of good sporting behavior d. coaches emphasize winning at all costs
c. participation in sports typically have fewer instances of good sporting behavior
which of the following is not an example of a professional sport being operated as monopoly? a. player drafts restricting potential players to only one team b. sharing of revenue from the sale of television rights c. sales of licensed team merchandise d. a fee levied by a league for starting a new franchise or moving an existing one
c. sales of licensed team merchandise
a social theorist with a functionalist point of view would likely make which assertion about the NCAA Division I College Football Playoff National Championship? a. the playoff must include more teams in the near future b. postseason bowl games are relics of an earlier era that no longer serve a competitve purpose c. the playoff system provides advantages, such as season-long interest in the games and financial opportunities for schools that are not in the playoffs but are eligible for other bowl games d. more minorities need to be hired for coaching and administrative roles in college athletics
c. the playoff system provides advantages, such as season-long interest in the games and financial opportunities for schools that are not in the playoffs but are eligible for other bowl games
which of the follwoing statements is not true of content analysis? a. the researcher collects information from media sources b. large amounts of data can be analyzed c. theory can be created after the data are analyzed d. the data can shed light on cultural biases.
c. theory can be created after the data are analyzed
According to a Women's sports foundation study, if a girl does not participate in sport by the time she is 10, then a. she is five times as likely to be obese as an adult b. she will not make her high school varsity team c. there is only a 10 percent chance that she will participate when she is 25 d. she will miss out on opportunities to learn important leadership traits
c. there is only a 10 percent chance that she will participate when she is 25
Based on Sean Adams T.E.D. talk, what are the 4 social institutions that help boys to be men?
church, military, sport, home
in the business of sport, describe how are coaches and players seen in this industry?
coaches: supervisors of players players: commodities, lowest of chain
a foundation can be created in two different ways. List the two types of foundations and describe how they are created
corportate - board of trustees, see a national need family owned - big name families usually start from experiences
how much time per day does the average U.S. youth spend watching television, playing video games, or using a computer? a. 2 hours b. nearly 4 hours c. 5 hours d. about 7.5 hours
d. about 7.5 hours
which of the following is not a benefit of sport and physical activity? a. better health b. moral development c. social integration d. decreased likelihood of violent behavior
d. decreased likelihood of violent behavior
the corporate model of sport does not include a. athletes contributing to the bottom line b. coaches as supervisors of athletes. c. fans with money to spend on sport. d. farmers taking time to attend games
d. farmers taking time to attend games
which of the following is not an explanation for the global growth of sport? a. growth of the economic model of sport b. media technology that links the world c. movement of athletes and coaches from country to country d. increase in feelings of nationalistic pride
d. increase in feelings of nationalistic pride
which of the following is true about high school sport and moral development? a. athletes exhibit higher moral devleopment than nonathletes b. there is no difference between the scores of male and female athletes c. the scores of female athletes show improvement every year d. intervention programs can exert a positive effect on moral reasoning
d. intervention programs can exert a positive effect on moral reasoning
which item is not a way in which owners can make a profit in professional sport? a. tax value appreciation b. tax savings c. depreciation of players as assets d. luxury tax payments
d. luxury tax payments
How much did NBC bid for the right to broadcast the 2012 London Olympic Games? a. $400 million b. $600 million c. $800 million d. more than $1 billion
d. more than $1 billion
which of the following is another name for participation sport? a. social sport b. friendly sport c. competitive sport d. recreational sport
d. recreational sport
which of the following statements is false? a. women's sport has increased in participation for the last 25 years. b. the numbers of African American participants has declined. c. There are more teams in basketball than in any other sport for either men or women. d. the majority of colleges make money on their varsity teams.
d. the majority of colleges make money on their varsity teams
utilizing databases to discover patterns and generating new information from it
data mining
a description of what is going on and changes that occur due to the environment
descriptive analysis
a departure from something
deviance
How would an interactionist theorist identify/view deviance in sport?
deviance is needed in order to establish norms
instinctual aversion to getting less than others
disadvantageous inequality
research tool utilizing observational analysis
ethnography
having been affected by or gained knowledge through direct through direct observation or participation.
experience
What is the difference between formal deviance and informal deviance? Give example
formal deviance - breaking the rules - getting a penalty in football informal deviance - breaking unspoken mutual agreement - bat flip after hitting a homerun
list 3 sociological issued that were identified in our class lecture facing the business of sport.
gambling, fan safety, social activism
verbal and/or visual gender qualifying presentation
gender marking
describe how nationalism can be good and bad
good: help soften burden on eco change bad: people can prey on those who struggle economically
events that have a high level of visibility to the community
hallmark events
unwritten, unintended, unofficial lessons, values, perspectives learned in school.
hidden curriculum
a madness for horses during ancient roman times
hippomania
research tool analyzing trends and changes in society
historical analysis
sense of arrogance, separateness, superiority
hubris
events that enhance tourism, profitability, and awareness due to its uniqueness
major events
symptoms that occur planning a mega event (over promising, underestimating, etc.)
mega event syndrome
events that have global impact with economic effects on the city and nationally
mega events
various cultures in a society metric equal respect and scholary interest
multiculturalism
loyalty and devotion to a nation
nationalism
approach to games and sport that replaces competition with cooperation
new game