sociology final ch 11-15

Medicaid

A government program that provides health insurance for the poor is:

working had a positive impact on their longevity due to social interaction

According to existing studies, why did the elderly who received more Social Security have higher mortality rates than the elderly who received less Social Security and had to work part time?

medication replaced counseling

After mental illnesses became "medicalized", what was one major change that occurred?

remain objective

Although doctors are very intimate and personal with their patients, it is also important for the to:

the family was indeed a universal institution

Anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski (1913) examined the family structure of nontraditional cultures and settled a long-standing debate when he concluded that:

socioeconomic status

Asians tend to have lower infant mortality rates than others in the US. This is most likely attributed to:

bosses

Doctors are typically most concerned with the opinion of their:

supplier-induced demand

Fee-for-service caused a situation where physicians could control the number of (offend unnecessary) visits required for treatment. This problem was called:

reimbursed per office visit or procedure by insurance agencies

Fee-for-service means physicians are:

the 1980s

Historically, physicians did not have particularly high prestige, but their power did peak, according to some sociologists, around;

All African Americans may still experience discrimination

Hypertension is directly related to stress, which can be attributed to being poor. However, poor African Americans in the US have rates of hypertension that are similar to middle- and upper class African Americans. How would the "tokenism theory" explain this?

Medicare

If state and federal health care plans don't change, which of the following which of the following can you look forward to when you turn 65?

morbidity rates

If you are interested in comparing the rates of illness between males and females in your dorm, you need to know the different:

adopted a medical model of mental illness

In 1980, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) 3:

the insurance industry

In 1980, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) IV is now required by:

a requirement to treat even the uninsured at emergency rooms

In 1986, the Emergency Medical treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) was passed, making it:

becoming "workers" rather than heads ("owners") of medical practices

In about the 1990's, physicians authority began to decline of several reasons, one of which was that more physicians were associated with HMOs. this meant that physicians were:

The traditional family is not the dominant form anymore

In terms of across-cultural family forms, which of the following statements is true?

psychological stress

Inequality creates _____, which affects our height through stress reactions.

they do better economically

It is suggest that Asian and Pacific Islanders have the lowest infant mortality rates because:

3.6

Liras-Muney (2005) found that an extra year of schooling decreased a person's chances of dying by ______ percentage points in a ten-year period

people who are healthier are more likely to get married

Married people tend to live longer than unmarried people. It could be that they take better care of themselves when they have the responsibility of a family. It could also be that:

illness;death

Morbidity means ____________; mortality means _______.

vaccines

One can best equate homeopathy to:

aborting female fetuses

One concern of using technology such as amniocentesis in countries like China and India is:

underlying personality differences

One of the criticisms of the Whitehall Study is that the researchers did not adequately address the possibility that occupational and health differences were caused by:

his PhD in medical anthropology which gives him experience as a social scientist

One of the things that may have led Dr. Paul Farmer's (cofounder of Partners in Health) continues commitment to helping the poorest regions of the world with regard to health care is:

more people in the medical community are being allowed to prescribe

Physician prestige has been on the decline since the 1980s. Which of the following might be a reason?

the surgeons evolved from barbers

Physicians in ancient Rome tended to have lower prestige. this was because:

both Medicaid and State Children's health Insurance Plan

Poor children can be covered medially by:

it is one of the periods in life in which a growth spurt takes place

Poor diet adolescence can be detrimental to growth potential because:

whether to abort some of the embryos

Reproductive technology has increased the number of multiple births, which lead stop the ethical issue of:

25million

Since 1981, AIDS has killed more than _____ people worldwide

500,000

Since 1981, AIDS has killed more than ______ Americans

genetics and biology affect SES so that people who are healthier have an easier time maintaining SES

The "drift explanation o the relationshi[ between health an socioeconomic status (SES) states that:

homeopathic medicine

The American Medical Association was the beginning of the end (until very recently) of:

John Henry

The American values of hard work and self reliance might lead blacks to follow the example of which folklore figure in order to prove themselves?

higher stress levels

The Whitehall Study found that men in lower ranks had which of the following risk factors?

what a person does for a living

The Whitehall study found which of the following favorites important in determining health outcomes?

health and economic development

The eradication of African river blindness (onchocerciasis) illustrates the connection between:

have patients return for unnecessary visits

The main problem of fee-for-service is that doctors had an incentive to:

civil servants

The researchers in the Whitehall Study examined that occupational sector?

under treat the patient

Under HMO's, doctors usually don't get more money each time a patient comes in, so the incentive might be to:

They had access to a better diet

What did Bogin find was different in the Mayans' lifestyle that allowed them to grow 4 inches taller in the United States that in Guatemala?

interpersonal confidence

What did Mechanic and Meyer find to be the most important factor for patients in rating their doctor?

increasing access to clean water

What did the former United Nations secretary-general Kofi Annan say was one o the most important factors in defeating infectious diseases?

stethoscope

What invention first helped doctors examine patients rather than just observe them?

Women are more likely to seek medical care

What is one reason men have higher mortality rates then women?

People who do so are not looked down on or morally judged if they do not work

What is the social benefit of adopting a sick role?

bad diet

What might inhibit American teenagers from reaching their maximum growth potential?

African American women

What population currently has the highest rate of HIV contraction in the United States?

the development of antimicrobial-resistant antigens

What public health risk do we face if more and more people fail to complete prescribed courses of antibiotics?

risk adjustment

When Susie takes up smoking, the cost of her insurance coverage goes up. This is a result of:

are reactive, people tend to go to the doctor only when they decide they are sick

When it comes to health care, Western societies:

the State Children's Health Insurance Plan

Which federal government program for children matches the state funding while still allowing states to set their own criteria for eligibility and control the disbursement of funds?

Medicare

Which government program provides medical care for the elderly and the young with disabilities?

better health

Which of the following are benefits of being a tall man?

More women are entering high-level jobs

Which of the following contributes to increasing rates of heart disease and hypertension in women?

risking ability of nurse practitioners to treat patients

Which of the following is a reason for the decline in doctors' authority after 1990?

the program portrayed an idealized version of American family life in the 1950s

Which of the following is true concerning the domestic world of Ozzie and Harriet portrayed in the 1950's television program?

It is more expensive than gasoline by volume

Which of the following is true with regard to bottled water?

doctors

Which of the following professions has the least number of practitioners in the US?

Equal Health for All

Which of the following si NOT a volunteer organization in which physicians volunteer to help poor nations?

The traditional family was unique to a particular time in history (1950s) an can rally be viewed as aberration

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the notion of traditional family (stay at home mom and working father0 in US history?

It gave physicians more economic clout

Which of the following was the result of medical licensing that began in the mid 1800s?

large

Which type of family has higher child mortality rates?

undertreated

While HMOs might decrease the prestige of physicians, they could also be detrimental to patients because a patient could be:

black female

Who is more likely to die young?

bacteria have become resistant to antibiotics

Why aren't antibiotics as successful in treating illnesses as they were several years ago?

eliminating malaria

Your text suggests that significant economic development in underdeveloped areas of the world would require:

low birth weight

____________ results from in adequate growth during gestation or a curtailed period of gestation.

a quack

a professional who attempts to make a client happy at the expense of the esteem of his or her peers is known to sociologists as:

Which of the following is NOT one of the ways that doctors establish their power?

always have sharp haircuts

peers

one of the key traits of the medical profession is its focus on:

a moral obligation to stop and try to help

society believes that a doctor driving by a scene of an accident has:

women

the Whitehall Study was later expanded to include:

psychosocial

the explanation for the relationship between socioeconomic status and health that focuses on an individual social class, and the relative stressors inherent in a lower class lifestyle, is called:

social inequality

the longevity discrepancy between blacks and whites may be a sign of:

If you miss an appointment with your physician:

you will most likely be charged anyway