Sociology Test 1

In the statement, "eating ice cream leads to more crime", ice cream is the

variable

McDonald's is an excellent example of:

All of the above

The change from production to consumption in the U.S. took place during the ______________.

1970's

One indication of the increase in, and importance of, consumption in American culture is

An increase in credit card debt

Secondary data analysis involves

Analyzing existing data collected by others

Today, many immigrants from Asian countries are coming to the United States hoping for better educational and employment opportunities. Many of these immigrants already speak English, which has helped them _______________________ into U.S. society.

Assimilate

Consumer culture has spread beyond the economy to include:

Both A and B.

Max Weber realized that corporations such as McDonald's could be considered a __________________ because they go through a process referred to as "rationalization."

Bureaucracy

A ___________________ focuses on the struggles that exist between women and men and the poor and rich.

Conflict theorist

Ralf Dahrendorf, a conflict theorist, saw two basic sides to society, conflict and:

Consensus

Every year, Americans spend billions on Christmas presents. WalMart, Target, and Kohl's are found in almost every state within the United States. This reflects the fact that the United States is a ____________________________.

Consumer culture

Cults sometimes engage in practices, such as suicide or polygamy, which would be considered in direct opposition to U.S. cultural values. Therefore, cults would be considered a __________________________.

Counterculture

McDonald's, which originated in the United States, is also located in India but those stores only serve chicken and fish sandwiches, and will not serve hamburgers as cows are considered sacred. This reflects the concept of:

Cultural hybrid

European settlers took away the land from the Native Americans in the 1800s, sent Native American children to boarding schools, and made them wards of the government. These are all examples of:

Cultural imperialism

Organized groups that actively seek to subvert aspects of consumer culture are engaging in:

Culture jamming.

Today, millions of people have joined Internet sites such as Facebook and MySpace, where certain norms are followed and specific rules are enforced. Sites, such as these, are reflections of which type of culture?

Cyberculture

Sweden is a country which has outlawed spanking. Many Americans do not understand why this law was passed, because many people believe that spanking on occasion is an acceptable form of punishment. This is an example of:

Ethnocentrism

The Klu Klux Klan is an organization whose members believe in white supremacy and white nationalism. This is an example of:

Ethnocentrism

Alice is a researcher conducting a study of community life in a small Mexican village. For many years, Alice has lived among the community and has become accepted and developed strong ties to the village members, in the process learning many intimate details of village life. Alice's research is a good example of

Ethnography

The agencystructure relationship is the perspective of

European sociologists

Many companies outside of the U.S., such as those in China, manufacture goods that are shipped to American companies. Americans then purchase these goods and use them for various purposes. This is an example of:

Globalization

Dr. Ritzer presents 3 main concerns as the center piece for his text. These concerns are:

Globalization, consumption, and the digital world

Many people who live in the upper social classes choose to live in the Hamptons, New York, where they surround themselves with the finest amenities, including expensive restaurants and stores. The Hamptons would be an example of:

High culture

Many people have several credit cards, buy houses that they can't afford, and are in extreme debt. This is an example of ___________________________.

Hyperconsumption

Many corporations strive to treat their employees as equal, regardless of sex and racial background, which is an example of ______________. However, many studies state that more women than men are victims of sexual harassment, which is a reflection of _________________.

Ideal culture; real culture

American culture is based on a democratic government, which adheres to the belief that power is in the hands of the people. Americans believe in this _____________________ and vote because they want to exert their right to do so.

Ideology

According to the concept of _____________________ we can't understand the plight of a black woman based on race alone, we must focus on other factors, such as gender, age, and occupation.

Intersectionality

A ___________________ of our educational system would be that students learn valuable skills, such as learning to schedule their time and the significance of deadlines.

Latent function

Proponents of the postmodern theory focus on:

Limited and unrelated snapshots of the social world

Structural-functionalism falls under the ________________ level of analysis.

Macro

Early forms of society were connected by ______________, in which people were connected by the similar types of work that they engaged in, and shared similar beliefs and values.

Mechanical solidarity

Symbolic interactionists utilize a ____________________ level of approach when investigated social problems.

Micro

The premise of the rational choice theory is:

People act intentionally in order to achieve goals

The four components of McDonaldization are:

Practicality, efficiency, calculability, control

_______ flows quickly and easily around the world

Products and resources

A researcher who is studying the issues within a local school district realizes that these problems are occurring in the majority of public school districts within the U.S. This researcher is connecting private troubles to ________ issues.

Public

A main component of modernity is:

Rationality

Societies are constantly going through technological and cultural changes, for example, the rapid immigration that is currently taking place within the United States. These changes are often referred to as:

Social processes

Every society has a certain ____________ which dictates how that society's institutions are organized and which roles need to be filled within those organizations.

Social structure

An example of postindustrial __________ would be Japan, as its culture today is largely based on technology.

Society

Sociologists who use the __________________ framework focus on how societal institutions, such as our governmental system and health care system, are necessary and essential components to any society.

Structural-functional

Body builders, cab drivers, chemists, and musicians, would all be considered ___________________ because they each share a distinct way of looking at the world.

Subcultures

Aspects of culture that exist in nonmaterial forms such as norms and values are called

Symbolic culture

Globalization has occurred at a very rapid pace largely due to the effects of:

Technology

A structured way of finding answers about the world is called

The Scientific method

During the 1800s masses of people were moving to the cities looking for work as new technologies were replacing human labor on the farmlands. This led to the Industrial Revolution, which occurred during this time period. This is an example of:

The butterfly effect

Participant observation research involves

The researcher becoming a minor member of the group being observed

Each of the following is a type of sample that may be used in a research project except a

Time-sensitive sample

True or False? An example of mediated interaction would be communicating over the internet in a chat room.

True

As more and more states legalize same sex marriage, laws that pertain to adoption rights for same sex parents may change as well. This is an example of a _________________________.

Unanticipated consequence