Sociology Test 3 - Study Guide
What is Goffman's term for the ways in which individuals, in various settings, attempt to create specific impressions in the minds of others?
presentation of self
Cooley referred to a small group in which relationships are both personal and enduring as a/an:
primary group
What is the term for patterns of expected behavior attached to a particular status
role
What is the term for the incompatibility among different roles corresponding to two or more statuses
role conflict
What is the term for the incompatibility among roles corresponding to a single status:
role strain
The process by which people act and react in relation to others is called
social interaction
members of all societies rely on _______ to make sense out of everyday situations
social structure
What is the term for a recognized social position that an individual occupies?
status
A friend of yours is a daughter, mother, sister, friend, and tennis team member. All of these taken together are your friend's
status set
Flirting is an everyday experience in
the social construction of reality
Select the statement about secondary groups that is FALSE
they are important for what they can do for us
Which sociologist used "dramaturgical analysis" in his approach to sociology?
Erving Goffman
What is the term for the study of the everyday, common-sense understandings that people have of the world?
Ethnomethodology
for a person with AIDS, AIDS is often a/an
Master status
what is the term for a status that has exceptional importance for social identity often shaping a person's entire life?
Master status
What is the term for communication using bodily movements, gestures, and facial expressions?
Nonverbal communication
Select the attribute which is NOT characteristic of secondary groups:
Personal oriantation
Which of the following is TRUE about personal space?
Personal space in the U.S. is around two feet
Which of the following is involved when a surgeon chooses not to operate on her own son because the personal involvement of motherhood could impair her professional objectivity as a physician?
Role conflict
The enactment of a role or _______ varies according to an individual's unique personality
Role performance
Jay if a professional golfer at a country club who loves to play golf, but hates to teach it to the country club members. Jay is experiencing:
Role strain
Which of the following is involved when a plant supervisor wishes to be a good friend and confidant to the workers but must remain distant to rate the worker's performance?
Role strain
You have been invited to speak at your University's commencement ceremonies. Cooley's approach suggests that you would be speaking to a:
Secondary Group
What term did Cooley use to refer to a large impersonal social group whose members pursue a specific interest or activity?
Secondary group
At a given time you occupy a number of statuses.
Status set
What is the term for the observation that "situations that are defined as real become real in their consequences?"
The Thomas Theorem
What is personal space?
The surrounding area to which an individual makes some claim to privacy
Why did Cooley refer to some groups as "primary groups?"
They are among the first groups we experience in life
What are the characteristics of secondary groups
goal orientation, short term, and a means to an end
Which of the following typically characterizes networks?
indirect connections among the members
What is the term for group leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks?
instrumental leadership
Which of the following statements about groups is FALSE?
large groups turn outward
A role set is:
a number of roles attached to a single status
Select the term for a social group that serves as a point of reference in making evaluations or decisions
a reference group
The status of being a college student is a/an
achieved status
What is the term for a social position that is received at birth or involuntarily assumed later in the life course?
Ascribed status
What is the term for a social position that is assumed voluntarily and that reflects a significant measure of personal ability and effort?
Achieved status
What is the appropriate sociological term for all people with a common status, such as "college student?"
A category
What is the term for a social group with two members?
A dyad
Apply Cooley's criteria and identify the best example of a primary group
A family gathering for christmas
Apply Cooley's criteria for secondary groups. Which of the following is the best example?
A meeting of the Rotary Club
What do sociologists call two or more people who identify and interact with one another?
A social group
The investigation of social interaction in terms of theatrical performance is referred to as:
Dramaturgical analysis
Which statement reflects Simmel's understanding of the dyad?
dyads are less stable than groups with many members
A female has been assigned to a leadership role in your group. Given tradition, what type of leadership style would she be expected to show?
expressive leadership
In which type of leadership situation will be the successful leader use humor to lighten serious moments?
expressive leadership
What is the term for group leadership that emphasizes collective well-being
expressive leadership
A person who becomes a senior citizen acquires a
master status
You are linked by social tied to persons who have little in common in terms of identity and interaction. What is the sociological term for there linkages?
network
What are the characteristics of a primary group
personal orientation, long-term and an end in itself
