Software Engineering Exam 1

Which of the following options is not considered to be a waste? a) Partially done work b) Task switching c) Collaborative environment d) Defects

c) Collaborative environment

Value stream maps are used for all of the following except: a) Understanding a feature's lead time b) Finding waste in a process c) Discovering new features to build d) Understanding a feature's cycle time

c) Discovering new features to build

Which of the following options is not true about Kanban? a) The work items are pulled by team members b) The number of works in progress can be limited c) We use timeboxes in Kanban

c) We use timeboxes in Kanban

An agile team has worked together before. In their last project, the greatest negative criticism against them was the inaccuracy of their estimates. What should the team members do differently when preparing estimates for their new project? a) Deliberate extensively in order to eliminate uncertainty from the estimate b) Fine tune approach but do not put too much effort for estimating c) Lock down the budget, schedule, and scope to improve the accuracy d) One team member should take primary responsibility of tracking the estimate

b) Fine tune approach but do not put too much effort for estimating

In an agile environment, which of the following options is more important than others? a) Tool and techniques b) Documentation c) Processes d) Collaborative environment

d) Collaborative environment

What is a common use case for ref?

To directly access a DOM node

What tool does React use to compile JSX?

Babel

T/F: React can only render elements in the root document element.

False

What is the default local host port that a React development server uses?

3000

Which of the following BEST describes how a Kanban board is used? a) To observe how features flow through a process so that teams can determine how to limit WIP and identify the most even flow of work through the steps in a workflow b) To track WIP limits and current task status so that a team knows how much work they have left to do c) To track defects and issues and create the fastest path for resolving problems in a product d) To help a team self-organize and see where bottlenecks are in their workflow

a) To observe how features flow through a process so that teams can determine how to limit WIP and identify the most even flow of work through the steps in a workflow

Which of the following options is true about agile projects? a) In agile projects, we don't need any processes or tools b) Agile projects are process-driven c) In agile projects, people come first d) In agile projects, we need to focus on tools and techniques more

c) In agile projects, people come first

You are a leader on an agile team. Which of the following is not an action that you would take? a) Set an example by acting the way you would like other team members to act b) Make sure everyone on the team understands the goal of the project c) Make important decisions about how the team will design the software d) Prevent external problems from taking up too much of the team's time

c) Make important decisions about how the team will design the software

Members of your co-located team are having a hard time meeting their commitments. They keep committing to more and more work each increment, but they're not accomplishing their goals. Now there are many features in the first two columns of your Kanban board and very few in the later columns. Which of the following kinds of waste is NOT likely the cause of this team's problem with meeting commitments? a) Task Switching b) Defects c) Motion d) Partially Complete Work

c) Motion

Which of the following options is not one of the responsibilities of the Product Owner? a) Communicating with the customer about the project b) Investigating the market for the final product c) Planning for what to do in the next Sprint d) Adding or removing requirements to or from the Product Backlog

c) Planning for what to do in the next Sprint

What happens to user stories that are not accepted by the customer at the end of a sprint? a) They are automatically placed into the backlog of the next sprint. b) They are deleted from the product backlog and dropped from the project. c) They are placed in the product backlog to be reprioritized d) They are rewritten to address the reasons why they were not accepted

c) They are placed in the product backlog to be reprioritized

You are reviewing your team's kanban board, and you discover that many work items tend to accumulate in a specific step in the process. What is the best way to handle this situation? a) Work with the team to remove work items from that step of the process b) Increase the arrival rate of work items into the process c) Work with project stakeholders to establish a WIP limit for that column

c) Work with project stakeholders to establish a WIP limit for that column

Which keyword creates a constant in JavaScript?

const

How can you combine the following arrays using the spread operator? const array1 = [1, 2, 3];const array2 = [4, 5, 6];

const combined = [...array1, ...array2];

Which of the following options is not true about agile projects? a) Documentation is important only if it provides value b) If there is an industry need, we may have comprehensive documentation c) We desire the documentation to be 'almost' sufficient d) All of the necessary documentation should be completed before starting the project

d) All of the necessary documentation should be completed before starting the project

What is software attribute described in the following "probability that the system is functioning correctly at the instant of time t" a) Reliability b) Dependability c) Efficiency d) Availability

d) Availability

Which of the following is NOT a principle that is shared between Lean and Scrum? a) Last responsible moment b) Iterations and feedback c) Self-determination and motivation d) Eliminate waste

d) Eliminate waste

Fill in the blank: ............... is not an Agile approach, but it is widely used in Agile environments. a) Scrum b) Lean c) Extreme Programming d) Kanban

d) Kanban

Sean is a developer on a team that's building financial software. His team has been asked to build a new trading system. He and his team had a meeting to come up with a picture of the workflow they're using. Then they put the process on a whiteboard with columns for each step in the process. After a few weeks of watching the work items the team was working on progress through the columns on the board, the team noticed that there were a couple steps in the process that seemed to get overloaded. What's the BEST thing for the team do next? a) Work with the team to get better at doing the work in the steps where work is slowing down b) Add more people to the steps that are slower c) Focus on finishing the work on the board d) Limit the amount of work in progress allowed in the steps that are overloaded

d) Limit the amount of work in progress allowed in the steps that are overloaded

The followings are a description of software process model. Which one is not correct? a) "Plan driven" model have distinct phases of specification and development b) Development and validation are interleaved in the "incremental development model" c) The process is not visible in the "incremental development model" d) Plan driven model deliver useful software earlier than the "incremental development model"

d) Plan driven model deliver useful software earlier than the "incremental development model"

Which one is not the fundamental software engineering activities? a) Software specification b) Software development c) Software evolution d) Software development process e) Software validation

d) Software development process

Which of the following options is not true about Scrum? a) We divide the whole project into small predetermined durations b) In Scrum, timboxed events are called Sprints c) Each Sprint is generally around 1 to 4 weeks d) We don't have any plans for Project Work

d) We don't have any plans for Project Work

What type of element will be rendered from the following code? function Car() { return <h1>Ford Mustang</h1>; } const root = createRoot(document.getElementById('root')); root.render(<Car />);

h1

What is the correct syntax to import a Component from React?

import { Component } from 'react'

When rendering a list using the JavaScript map() method, what is required for each element rendered?

key

What command is used to start the React local development server?

npm start

What is the correct command to create a new React project?

npx create-react-app myReactApp

Which operator can be used to conditionally render a React component?

&&

What is the output of the following code? const make = 'Ford'; const model = 'Mustang'; const car = { make, model }; console.log(car);

{make: 'Ford', model: 'Mustang'}

What is the children prop?

A property that lets you nest components in other components

Why should you avoid copying the values of props into a component's state?

Because that would create two instances of the same state that could become out of sync

React separates the user interface into components. How are components combinded to create a user interface?

By nesting components

Which of the following is NOT a rule for React Hooks?

Hooks can be called in Class or Function components

Question 20: Find the bug in this code: function car({make, model}) {return <h1>{make} {model}</h1>;};

The first letter of the function must be capitalized

What does myReactApp refer to in the following command? npx create-react-app myReactApp

The name you want to use for the new app

T/F: Although React Hooks generally replace class components, there are no plans to remove classes from React.

True

T/F: React component names must begin with an uppercase letter.

True

T/F: To develop and run React code, Node.js is required.

True

A copy of the 'real' DOM that is kept in memory is called what?

Virtual DOM

How can you optimze performance for a function component that always renders the same way?

Wrap it in the React.memo higher-order component.

What is the purpose of holding Sprint Planning Meetings? a) Planning what to do in the next iteration b) Talking about what is completed yesterday and what is planned to complete today c) Prioritizing the requirements in the Product Backlog d) Discussing what the team has built in the previous Sprint

a) Planning what to do in the next iteration

If it is a Lean environment, then which of the following options is not always true? a) Agile pratices are used b) The customer requirements are very important c) There is continuous improvement d) Visual Management tools are used

a) Agile pratices are used

Your manager has just returned from a wonderful training class. He is recommending that we incorporate Kaizen into our work. Kaizen is a Japanese word meaning a) Change for the better b) Eliminate waste c) Signboard d) Already decided

a) Change for the better

Which of the following options is not true about agile environments? a) Comprehensive documentation is better than working software b) Individuals and interactive are better than processes and tools c) Customer collaboration is better than contract negotiation d) Responding to change is better than following a plan

a) Comprehensive documentation is better tahn working software

In Agile environments, which of the following options has the highest priority? a) Customer satisfaction through early and continuous delivery b) Providing a collaborative environment c) Giving continuous attention to technical excellence d) Processes, tools, and techniques

a) Customer satisfaction through early and continuous delivery

During a Sprint Retrospective, answer to which of the following questions is not expected to be found? a) Does the deliverable satisfy the requirements of the project? b) What issues did we have when working on the project? c) How was the quality of the processes we followed? d) What processes worked well and what processes not worked?

a) Does the deliverable satisfy the requirements of the project?

Your organization has been managing projects through the waterfall method. Now you are hearing terms such as Agile and Kanban. One idea that makes Kanban different from these other methods is : a) Employing a pull system to move work through the process b) Planning work in time boxed iterations c) Fully plan driven work Sequential often overlapping phase

a) Employing a pull system to move work through the process

In Kanban, the work 'flows': a) From left to right b) From top to bottom c) From down to top d) From right to left

a) From left to right

Lean is different than methodologies like Scrum and XP because it is a ________________ with ___________________ a) Mindset, thinking tools b) Methodology, practices c) Process improvement plan, measurements d) School of thought, principles

a) Mindset, thinking tools

What props will be available to the following component? <Car {...props} />

all of them (updated ones, childeren, static ones)

When the later step in a process moves work from the step before it, this is referred to as... a) Waste b) A pull system c) A push system d) Inventory

b) A pull system

Which of the following options is not considered to be among seven Lean principles? a) Eliminate Waste b) Deliver as late as possible c) Build Quality In d) Empower the team

b) Deliver as late as possible

A Scrum team's stakeholder discovers a new requirement and approaches a team member to build it. The team member builds a prototype for the stakeholder, who is able to start using it immediately. The product owner discovers this and demands that the team member include her in any future decisions, but the team member feels this is the most efficient way to work. The product owner and team member approach the scrum master to resolve the conflict. What should the scrum master do? a) Help the product owner understand how the team member is improving stakeholder communications b) Side with the product owner c) Help the team member follow the rules of Scrum by showing the correct use of user stories d) Help the product owner and team member compromise and find a middle ground

b) Side with the product owner

One of the major tools and techniques used in Lean Software Development is value stream mapping. What is the primary purpose of value stream mapping? a) To improve business processes b) To identify waste c) To ensure product quality d) To increase customer value

b) To identify waste

Select an item that does not describe the Waterfall Model correctly. a) A working system becomes available late in the software development lifecycle. b) Software requirements are tested late in the software development lifecycle. c) Each phase of the Waterfall Model starts without finishing the previous phase. d) The Waterfall Model is only appropriate when the requirements are well understood.

c) Each phase of the Waterfall Model starts without finishing the previous phase.

Your manager has a strong background in manufacturing. He suggests that you utilize LEAN concepts in managing your project. One example of a LEAN core concept is a) Make decisions early b) Optimize the individuals parts c) Eliminate waste d) Deliver as last as possible

c) Eliminate waste