Sports Medicine

How do you distinguish between a heart attack and a sudden cardiac arrest?

A heart attack will have symptoms beforehand and cardiac arrest wont. A heart attack will have chest pain, trouble breathing and nausea while cardiac arrest will happen suddenly and the victim will lose consciousness and will stop breathing.

_ and scrapes occur when several layers of skin are torn loose or totally removed.

Abrasions

One member of the athletic staff on scene should be assigned to activate the ____ system.

EMS

Compare the terms - empathy and sympathy.

Empathy is feeling sorry for someone by putting yourself in their situation. An example of this would be feeling bad for an old person eating alone because you can imagine that it would be sad. Sympathy is having feelings of sadness or remorse. An example of sympathy is feeling sad and offering sympathy to a person that just had their favorite dog die.

1. BC Selected: h. Greek athletes used people to help improve their performance.This answer is correct. 2. 1950 Selected: f. NATA was founded.This answer is correct. 3. 1959 Selected: d. The first college curriculum was approved by NATA.This answer is correct. 4. 1970 Selected: b. The first certification exam to be an athletic trainer was administered.This answer is correct. 5. 1980 Selected: a. Athletic training is approved as a collegiate major.This answer is correct. 6. 1990 Selected: c. Athletic training was recognized by the American Medical Association as an allied health care profession.This answer is correct. 7. 2004 Selected: g. In order to take the athletic trainer certification exam, one must earn a bachelor's degree in athletic training.This answer is correct. 8. 2022 Selected: e. In order to take the athletic trainer certification exam, one must earn a master's degree in athletic training.

Events

Nonconsumable supplies are supplies used in the training room or checked out to the athlete that cannot be reused.

False

Numerous water breaks must be scheduled into all practice sessions unless it is raining.

False

The vacuum splint contains thousands of small steel beads that mold and model the splint around the injured body part.

False

Wash your hands after working with every two or three athletes.

False

At an athletic event, where do you see yourself the most - as a fan, as a worker, as an athlete, or even as a parent? Why? Would you be empathetic or sympathetic in that role?

I see myself as a fan most because I go to support the team. I am sympathetic as a fan. I will feel bad if something goes wrong on the field or to an athlete, but I would not be thinking about myself in that position.

Briefly describe how you would treat someone with shock, any type.

Keep them calm, reassure them, put a blanket on them, call for help from more experienced medical provider

_ pressure, a figure derived from blood pressure, is the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures.

Pulse

Sport Psychologists

Their goal is to improve the mental health of the physically active. Requires a lot of school, but doesn't always earn a lot of money.

Sports Chiropractor

They are trained to treat neuromuscular skeletal disorders. Requires a significant amount of education, but pay is good.

Why are athletic trainers a benefit to athletic populations?

They help athletes stay in their best shape and recover if something were to happen that injured them.

The term contaminated indicates the presence or the reasonably anticipated presence of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item or surface.

True

Training rooms vary greatly from one school to another.

True

Which of the following is a complete break in the bone, where the bone ends separate and break, but do NOT go through the skin?

c. simple fracture

1. potential emergencies

can be averted through careful pre-participation physical screenings and adequate medical coverage

fractures

can be classified by the degree of injury to the bone

The _ system includes the functions of the heart, blood vessels, circulation, and gas exchange between the blood and the atmosphere.

cardiorespiratory

4. conduction system

carries electrical signals, in a properly timed sequence, to the muscle cells throughout the heart

blood

carries oxygen and nutrients to all parts of the body

4. types of bleeding

categorized as arterial, venous, or capillary

The athletic training staff, members of which should be available at all practices, competitions, and training events, is at a minimum trained in CPR and _.

first aid.

The bones of the skull are examples of _ bones, as are the ribs.

flat

The EAP should specify the needs within ____ basic categories.

four

platelets

fragments of a much larger cell, the megakaryocyte

4. good working relationships

go a long way in ensuring the best care for an injured athlete

When activating EMS, the name, address, and _ of the caller must be available.

hone number

nonemergencies

include abrasions, minor cuts, strains, and sprains

1. defined medical emergencies

include no pulse, concussion with loss of consciousness, neck or spinal injury, and fractures

5. protective equipment

includes sterile gloves, protective glasses, and a mask

2. appendicular skeleton

includes two limb girdles (the shoulders and pelvis) and the attached limb bones

3. emergency communication

includes, for example, a fixed telephone line under the practice shed

Wear vinyl or _ examination gloves whenever touching biohazardous material such as open skin, blood, body fluids, or mucus membranes.

latex

vacuum splints

made of nylon and can be molded to accommodate a bent arm

Athletic training student aides ____.

may pass on information after the certified athletic trainer has evaluated the player

A well-stocked, functional _ kit enables prompt and adequate treatment of athletes.

medical

central training room

must be easily accessible to both male and female athletes

guidelines

must be followed to maintain proper training-room operation

equipment

must be in good working condition

gloves

must be worn when treating any injury involving bodily fluids, most notably blood

athletes

must have an up-to-date emergency information profile on record

plumbing

needed for the sink (hot and cold water), ice machine, whirlpool, and hydrocollator

CDC

organization within the federal government that monitors outbreaks of infections

Covering the epiphysis is the thin layer of cartilage known as the _.

periosteum.

Although blood appears to be red, it is actually composed of a yellowish liquid called _ and billions of cells.

plasma

shock

precursor to death

Being properly equipped and trained for any medical crisis or disaster is emergency _.

preparedness

miscellaneous equipment

refrigerators, ice machines, tables, benches, carts, desks, and computers

OSHA

requires that an exposure control plan be on hand

3. athletic training staff

responsible for knowing and being able to implement the emergency action plan

4. first responder's

role includes immediate care of the injured or ill student-athlete

Sharps equipment

scalpel blades, razors, uncapped syringes, and needles

A wall, called the _, separates the right and left sides of the heart.

septum

2. written EAP

sets out a systematic approach to be followed in an emergency

Training rooms ____.

should have good lighting

4. sphincter muscles

special circular muscles in the openings between the esophagus and stomach, and the stomach and small intestine

A grade II, or moderate, _ causes partial tearing of the ligament and is characterized by bruising, moderate pain, and swelling.

sprain

The ____ area will be the most-used area of the training room.

taping/treatment

A ____ is a tough, flexible band of fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone.

tendon

Assumption of Risk

the act of contracting to take over the risk, such as buying the right to a shipment and accepting the danger that it could be damaged or prove unprofitable.

Negligence

the failure to do what you should or shouldn't do

Liability

the state of being responsible for something, especially by law.

To function, muscles should always be slightly contracted and ready to pull. This is muscle ____.

tone

The average human adult skeleton has ____ bones that are joined to ligaments and tendons.

206

List three ways an athletic trainer can prevent legal issues from harming his/her career.

An athletic trainer can prevent legal issues by using common sense, not doing more than they are supposed to and keeping accurate records.

List three advantages of being an athletic trainer and three disadvantages of being an athletic trainer.

An athletic trainer gets to help people out, see kids in the school grow up and go to lots of sporting events. However, their schedule is based on other peoples plans, they have to deal with parents/coaches who may be nagging and the hours are not typical.

_ are the blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to all the organs and cells in the body.

Arteries

Athletic Trainers are able to provide many services. List three of those services.

Athletic trainers can prevent injuries, help rehab injuries, and give exercise/nutrition advice.

An emergency action plan can be general and need not be tailored to the program for which it is written.

False

Cardiogenic shock is caused by inadequate functioning of the lungs.

False

During CPR, if someone brings equipment, you should stop compressions to deal with the equipment.

False

Hemorrhagic shock is loss of lymph fluid from an injury.

False

How do you determine if a person is responsive?

Look for movement, response to stimulation and talking

_ shock is the loss of vascular control by the nervous system.

Neurogenic

_ consist of emergencies where life or limb is not threatened.

Nonemergencies

Personal Trainer

Only requires a high school diploma and passing of a certification test. Average yearly salary - $36,000.

A(n) ____, or cut, is a tear in the skin that results from an injury.

c. laceration

Massage Therapists

Requires a 2 year degree. In general, $18/hour but can increase depending on who you treat.

Which of the following is a tip to help in the budgeting, ordering, and use of supplies?

Review past purchase orders and training-room treatment logs.

Briefly describe how to take care of a typical capillary wound that can be experienced in athletics. Renember to take of yourself in this process, as well.

Roll up sleeves and put on gloves. Clean wound of any debris or infectious causing materials. Disinfect the wound if needed. Apply antibiotic cream to moisturize the wound and add healing agents. Put bandage over wound. Wrap wound to keep bandage in place if the athlete is exercising. Remove gloves in proper manner.

Physical Therapy Assistant

Their goal is to improve movement and function, as well as to decrease pain. Requires an associates degree and earns decent money.

Sports Nutritionists

Their goal is to improve the eating habits of the physically active by helping decide on food plans. Average yearly salary - $56,000.

Briefly describe how you measure blood pressure. Be sure to discuss what a normal blood pressure is.

To measure blood pressure place pump over vein on arm. Pump until it reaches around 220. Place stethoscope over vein by the pump and listen. Let pressure out slowly and listen for the first thumping and last thumping while watching the number on the pump. A normal blood pressure will be 120/80.

A perfect compression allows the chest to recoil.

True

A strain is the result of the twisting or pulling of a muscle or tendon.

True

All types of bleeding require immediate care and prompt control to prevent shock, infection, and possible loss of life.

True

Any injury, no matter how minor, should be reported to the certified athletic trainer.

True

Any towel or other material that is contaminated with blood or other potentially infectious material is to be considered as HIV/HBV infected and handled as little as possible.

True

Caregivers should always protect themselves first.

True

Dealing with injuries without a written plan is a recipe for disaster.

True

Emergency medical cards are valuable to the athletic training staff because they allow the staff to have all important contact information at their fingertips.

True

Emergency situations may arise at any time during athletic events.

True

In athletics, it is important to treat all wounds to prevent infection.

True

Most sports medicine budgets are tight and often require the use of creative measures to make ends meet.

True

Puncture wounds are at risk of infection because they are difficult to clean, and they provide a warm, moist place for bacteria to grow.

True

_ splints operate by extracting air from the splint itself.

Vacuum

_ is the best way to fight germs and prevent transfer of germs to the other people you work or associate with.

Washing hands and wearing gloves

Tort

a private wrong or injury, suffered buy an individual as a result of another person's conduct

Which of the following correctly describes the CPR technique for an adult:

a. Five cycles of 30 compressions followed by 2 breath each minute

____ shock occurs when there is a severe loss of body fluids. Such a loss may result from severe diarrhea, vomiting, or some diseases.

a. Metabolic

____ is the rhythmical beating of the heart, which can be felt at different points on the body.

a. Pulse

After you have surveyed an accident scene and provided for your own safety you should:

a. Take charge, remain calm and act with confidence to the level of your training

The EAP should ____.

a. assign specific roles to each member of the athletic training staff

Shock occurs when the circulation system fails to send ____ to all parts of the body.

a. blood

The written emergency _ (EAP) should be customized to fit the needs of the organization.

action plan

Anaphylactic shock is caused by a severe _ reaction.

allergic

crutches

allow patient mobility when it is important that the patient bear little or no weight

private office

allows for consultations and private examinations

EMS providers and a(n) _ should be on standby at any event where there is a high risk of traumatic injury.

ambulance

1. human heart

approximately the size of a closed fist

The _ is responsible for the overall operation of the sports medicine program and facility.

athletic programmer

Muscle _ is the wasting or loss of muscle tissue resulting from disease or lack of use.

atrophy

What is the appropriate rate for compressions?

b. 100-120 compressions/minute

What is the most serious type of bleeding?

b. Arterial

Which of the following is a basic category specified in the EAP?

b. Emergency personnel

A(n) ____ is a mature bone cell.

b. osteocyte

The general signs and symptoms of shock include ____.

b. restlessness and anxiety

All equipment that might be necessary for an emergency ____.

b. should be readily accessible

Which of the following will enable appropriate management of each emergency situation?

c. Proper preparation on the part of the sports medicine team

Which of the following is a defined medical emergency?

c. Severe asthma attack

An incomplete break in the shaft of the bone, usually occuring in children, is known as a ____________________ fracture.

c. greenstick

1. axial skeleton

consists of the skull, the spine, the ribs, and the sternum

moleskin

contained in the medical kit

A(n) _ is a direct blow or blunt injury that does not interrupt (break) the skin.

contusion

Vacuum splints have been in use since the ____.

d. 1970s

How deep should the compressions for CPR be for an adult?

d. 2", but no more than 2.4"

____ are the blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart.

d. Veins

_ medical emergencies include breathing cessation and severe bleeding.

defined

A typical long bone contains a shaft, or _.

diaphysis

Which of the following is a common symptom of a contusion?

ecchymosis

5. skeletal muscle

under voluntary control and it aids in movement

Of all the supplies the certified athletic trainer must have at a practice or game site, ____ is (are) the most important.

water

Act of Comission

when a person commits an act that is not legally theirs to perform

Act of Omission

when a person does not perform an action that should be taken, failure to act