Stimulus Based questions AP Euro Final

Chamberlain's speech best serves as evidence of in which of the following European developments in the late 1930s? A. A policy of appeasement carried out by Western democracies enabled fascist states to re-arm and expand their territory. B. Deep distrust existed between Western democratic, capitalist nations and the communist Soviet Union. C. Western democracies failed to overcome the Great Depression and were weakened by extremist movements. D. New communication and transportation technologies multiplied the connections across time and space.

A

In what way did mentalities across Europe prior to World War I differ from the mood reflected in Chamberlain's 1938 speech? A. Europeans were enthusiastic and patriotic about going off to war in 1914. B. Europeans found extremist movements attractive in the 1930s when democracies had failed to overcome the Great Depression. C. Prior to World War I, Europeans were generally confident in the ability of science and technology to address human needs and problems. D. Prior to World War II, racial ideologies fueled plans to create a new order across Europe.

A

Rudolf von Ihering, a liberal German politician, two Letters on Otto von Bismarck's policy of war with Austria, 1866 Which of the following best explains the author's attitude toward Bismarck in the excerpt? A. the breakdown of the Concert of Europe B. the significantly weakened Ottoman Empire C. the Crimean War D. the unification of Italy following its annexation of Venezia

A

The concerns expressed by Churchill in the excerpt above were a response to which of the following historical events? A. Countries in Eastern Europe came under the military, political, and economic domination of the Soviet Union. B. American and British industrial, scientific, and technological power and the all-out military commitment of the Soviet Union were crucial to the Allied victory in World War II. C. British fears of another war, American isolationism, and deep distrust between democratic states and the Soviet Union allowed fascist states to expand their territories. D. The newly created United Nations fostered international cooperation.

A

The ideas expressed in the excerpt contributed to the conditions that fostered what subsequent event? A. Industrialization in Prussia allowed that state to become the leader of a unified Germany. B. Industrialization promoted population growth and lowered infant mortality. C. Economic motivations for marriage diminished as the notion of companionate marriage was adopted by the working classes. D. Leisure time centered increasingly on the family or small groups.

A

The ideas expressed in the excerpt most strongly reflect which of the following interwar factors? A. French and British fears of another war B. weaknesses in economies worldwide C. postwar bitterness and economic instability in Germany and Italy D. Wilson's principle of national self-determination

A

To what is the piece referring when it describes liberalism as the ideology of the 19th century? A. The French Revolution-and the revolutions that followed it shaping the 19th century B. By the end of the 19th century, almost everyone in Europe had the right to vote C. The United States extensive participation European politics during the century D. The formation of the United Nations

A

What historical evidence best supports James Giblin's argument that Hitler's military successes were based most clearly on the French and British aversion to war? (A) The annexation of Austria (B) European concerns over the rise of Fascism in Italy (C) European distrust for the Soviet Union (D) Invasion of Poland

A

What historical evidence best supports James Giblin's argument that Hitler's military successes were based most clearly on the French and British aversion to war? A. Nazi activities confined within Austria B. European concerns over the rise of Fascism in Italy C. European distrust for the Soviet Union D. His tactics of gradual encroachment followed by peace

A

What made Bismarck's actions most similar to Cavour's, thus providing evidence to support the comparison made by von Ihering? A. They both used Realpolitik strategies, co-opting nationalist agendas to create a unified state. B. They both attempted to destabilize the balance of power. C. They both employed industrialized warfare and weaponry to unify their country. D. They were both conservatives who attempted to strengthen adherence to religious authorities.

A

What was the British response to this request by the Chinese government? A. The British instigated a war using free trade as the justification. B. The British abandoned the opium trade in order to preserve access to Chinese markets. C. The British negotiated a trade agreement that allowed limited opium trade in the port of Canton. D. The British elected to leave the Chinese market entirely and turned their attention in India.

A

Which of the following best is most directly reflected in Freud's argument? A. an emphasis on the irrational and the struggle between the conscious and subconscious B. a theory of relativity undermining the primacy of an objective view of nature C. a new model of thought based on the concept of natural rights and the principles of equality D. a belief in the importance of the role of emotions in the moral development of self and society

A

Which of the following pieces of evidence best supports the criticism of British policy represented in the cartoon above? A. Encounters with non-Europeans sparked debate over the acquisition of colonies. B. The exchange of new plants, animals, and diseases facilitated the destruction of indigenous peoples. C. Increased immigration into Europe altered religious makeup and sparked debates over the role of religion. D. Realist themes influenced art as painters drew attention to social problems.

A

Which of the following was most likely employed by Mussolini to influence public opinion? (A) Censorship and control of the press (B) Suppression of traditional public education (C) Positive connections between church and state (D) Creation of Fascist youth organizations

A

Which of the following was most likely employed by Mussolini to influence public opinion? A. Censorship and control of the press B. Suppression of traditional public education C. Positive connections between church and state D. Creation of Fascist youth organizations

A

Based on the argument in the above excerpt, European reaction to Hitler's activities is best described as a policy of (A) intervention through diplomatic channels (B) toleration and pacifism (C) limited military responses (D) imposing economic sanctions

B

Based on the argument in the above excerpt, European reaction to Hitler's activities is best described as a policy of A. intervention through diplomatic channels B. toleration and pacifism C. limited military responses D. imposing economic sanctions

B

Mussolini's theories regarding government and power were most clearly based on which of the following? A. Social reforms aimed at reducing class struggles B. Leadership based on a cult like status C. Policies that provided economic growth through capitalism D. Universal suffrage and free parliamentary elections

B

What specific type of reform did Chadwick's Summary from the Poor Law Commissioners help promote? A. hospital reform B. sanitation reform C. medical vaccinations for children D. government-provided medical care

B

Which of the following nineteenth-century trends thwarted the Italian objectives pursued by Cavour in his negotiations with Napoleon III? A. In the first half of the nineteenth century, revolutionaries attempted to destroy monarchical rule across Europe. B. Austrian foreign policy aimed to suppress nationalist and liberal revolutions in central and Eastern Europe since 1815. C. The revolutions of 1848 challenged the conservative order and led to the breakdown of the Concert of Europe. D. The dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary was created in an attempt to stabilize the state by reconfiguring national unity.

B

Marx and Engels' assertion that "the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all" is an extension of what other intellectual idea? A. Romanticism B. nationalism C. socialism D. Social Darwinism

C

The worldview of which of the following eras was most directly undermined by the Freud's ideas as expressed in this excerpt? A. Romantic B. Nationalist C. Enlightenment D. Impressionist

C

What shift in British Indian colonial policies does Dababhai Naoroji note in his observations in The Benefits of British Rule in India? A. The British no longer cared about economic development and, instead, pursued liberal political reforms. B. India was no longer valued as a colonial possession and was allowed to govern itself once again. C. The British expanded their mission from purely economic to also include cultural reforms. D. The British changed their approach to governance and restored local social and religious customs.

C

What specific economic and social conditions were Marx and Engels referring to in this selection? A. the social order that developed following the French Revolution B. the impacts of the revolutionary upheaval of 1848 C. social and economic order that emerged with the Industrial Revolution D. the societal concerns created due to Irish immigration after the potato famine

C

What specific economic and social conditions were Marx and Engels referring to in this selection? A. the social order that developed following the French Revolution B. the impacts of the revolutionary upheaval of 1848 C. the social and economic order that emerged with the Industrial Revolution D. the societal concerns created due to Irish immigration after the potato famine

C

What was the objective of the "brave and generous companions [who]...will shed their last drop of blood"? A. the overthrow of the leadership of Victor Emmanuel B. the removal of the pope as the spiritual and temporal leader of Italy C. the unification of the Italian states into one nation D. the establishment of a monarchy under the leadership of Camillo Cavour

C

Which of the following pieces of evidence best illustrates a late nineteenth-century effect of the actions shown in the cartoon above? A. Non-Europeans led successful nationalist uprisings, which led to independence for most before 1945. B. Extreme nationalist parties in Europe rose to prominence and focused on anti-immigration policies. C. Diplomatic tensions and competition among European states strained the alliance system. D. The exchange of goods shifted the center of economic power in Europe from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic states.

C

Which of these countries had an historical animosity against the Arabs that would lead to an alliance between Britain and the Arabs? A. Japan B. Israel C. Russia D. Turkey

C

Why would France be seeking revenge against Bismarck and Germany? A. France lost an important iron-producing colony in central Africa to Germany. B. Germany allied with Britain in the Crimean War against France, leading to a French loss. C. France lost the Franco-Prussian war and had paid a large war indemnity as a result. D. Germany seized several French ports and the fleets in order to expand German naval presence.

C

Monet's painting above best reflects which of the following nineteenth century artistic trends? A. breaking from classical artistic forms to emphasize intuition, the spirit, individuality, emotion, and natural histories B. the notion that science alone provides knowledge C. the desire to depict the life of ordinary people and to draw attention to social problems D. a move beyond the representational to the subjective and expressive

D

What best explains the patterns of declining industrialization in China and India during the nineteenth century? A. Mechanization and the factory system became the predominant modes of production by 1914. B. The persistence of pre-industrial agricultural practices and traditional land-owning patterns provoked famine, debt, and land shortages. C. As non-Europeans became educated in Western values, they modernized their own economies. D. The search for raw materials and markets for manufactured goods drove Europeans to colonize Asia.

D

What event occurred in the decade prior to this document that reflected the Indian idea of "Sakar ki Churi"? A. the "Black Hole of Calcutta" rescue B. the assassination of the last Mughal emperor by mercenaries C. the collapse of the Indian pepper market due to unwarranted British influence D. the Sepoy rebellion against the British

D

What motivated the British trade discussed by Lin Tse-hsu? A. retaliation for overpriced goods like silk and tea B. concern over the closure of Chinese markets to British textiles C. fear that the Chinese market would be taken over by other European nations, as well as the United States D. desire of merchants to use goods secured in India to improve their trade position in China

D

What two ideologies motivated Garibaldi? A. Marxism and liberalism B. Romanticism and conservatism C. conservatism and nationalism D. nationalism and republicanism

D

What two ideologies motivated Garibaldi? A. Marxism and liberalism B. Romanticism and conservatism C. conservatism and nationalism D. nationalism and republicanism

D

Which of the following best describes the reason why, despite efforts to lessen the possibility of another major conflict, World War II began only twenty years after the signing of the Treaty of Versailles? A. After failures to establish functioning democracies, authoritarian dictatorships took power in Central and Eastern Europe during the interwar period. B. The distribution of former German and Ottoman possessions to France and Great Britain through the mandate system led to global war. C. In response to the destructive impact of war, European nations began to reject nationalism. D. The Versailles settlement assigned guilt and reparations for World War I to Germany.

D