study for exam
Based on the diagram, is cloning a form of genetic engineering?
Yes. Cloning is the intentional alteration of the genetic material that naturally occurs in the cells of an organism to produce offspring with desired traits.
The genome of a certain person contains a defective CFTR gene. This damaged gene has caused the person to have the genetic disorder cystic fibrosis. How could gene therapy help this person?
by replacing the damaged CFTR gene with a healthy CFTR gene
How could gene therapy help someone who has cystic fibrosis? (gene crtf)
by replacing the damaged CRTF gene with a healthy CRTF
Chromosomes contain segments of DNA that code for specific traits. What are these segments called?
genes
Where are most of the genes found in a eukaryotic cell?
in the nucleus
Why, then, are people concerned that transgenic plants may lead to an increase in the use of herbicides?
Cross pollination can pass herbicide resistant genes to the weeds.
Which statement about gene therapy is true?
Gene therapy can replace or remove faulty genes.
A scientist wants to develop a fast-growing, pest-resistant, nutrient-rich variety of corn. What would be the fastest, most effective method of achieving this goal?
Isolate genes for these desired traits from any organisms known to have them, and then use transgenesis to insert the genes into the corn genome.
Why did scientists use transgenesis instead of selective breeding to create the golden rice?
Transgenesis allowed scientists to select traits that no rice varieties have.
Which of the following is an example of genetic engineering?
a farmer takes pollen from a plant with desired traits and intentionally places the pollen on a plant with other desired traits
On what cell structures are genes found?
chromosomes
How could selective breeding be used to reduce deforestation?
creating trees with more leaves
Which of the following traits could most likely be developed through selective breeding of tomato.
fruit that softens more slowly
What is the name given to a specific region of DNA that codes for a particular hereditary trait?
gene
A single chromosome is composed of:
hundreds to thousands of genes
Sickle cell anemia occurs when a DNA sequence with bases GAA is replaced by GTA. The replacement of bases in the DNA molecule is caused due to ______.
mutation
A gene contains instructions for assembling:
proteins
Scientists are researching methods for preventing and treating cancer with gene therapy. Which of the following is a plausible method that could be used in the future to help women with faulty BRCA genes?
replacing the faulty BRCA genes with healthy BRCA genes
The genetic code of an organism is:
the sequence of bases its DNA
Which of the following would be a plausible method for using genetic engineering to conserve endangered species?
using cloning to increase the population of endangered species and preserve their genomes
Based on its position in the Venn diagram, how could organism ABC be developed?
By first breeding together organisms A and B, then breeding their offspring with organism C
Which list shows the correct order of steps involved in creating transgenic plants?
1. Select and extract desired gene from donor organism. 2. Alter bacteria to deliver desired gene. 3. Apply bacteria to plant cultures. 4. Bacteria insert desired genes into plant. 5. Plants pass on desired genes to offspring.
Which of the following is an example of genetic engineering?
A farmer takes pollen from a plant with desired traits and intentionally places the pollen on a plant with other desired traits.
Which of the following is an example of genetic engineering?H
Humans change the DNA of algae so that the organism will produce ethanol.
