study guide

which areas contain taste buds in adults

- fungiform papilla - vallate papilla - pharynx - soft palate - epiglottis

how many extrinsic eye muscles are responsible for moving the eye

6

which of the neurons in the diagram would most likely pick up an itch sensation

a

which structure in the diagram detects a needle puncture or cut to the skin

a

which structure in the diagram of the trigeminothalamic pathway is the trigeminothalamic tract

a

sweet,salty, bitter, sour, and umami can be detected on which taste bud in the diagram

a&b

Identify the malleus, incus, and stapes in the diagram.

a,b,j

cerebrospinal fluid passes through what structures in the midbrain as it moves from the third to the fourth ventricle

aqueduct of the midbrain

which statement describes proprioception

are slowly adapting receptors, sensations allow us to determine position of body structures relative to each other, allow us to estimate the weight of certain objects, embedded in muscle tendons

what do colored regions on the body surface in diagram represent

areas of referred pain

in this diagram injury to which area would affect sensory impulses reaching the cerebral cortex

b

which of the following brain structures consists of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain

brain stem

frontal lobe damage left an individual unable to speak. what area was specifically damaged

broca's area

which cranial nerve in the diagram has a somatic motor function primarily involved in moving the upper eyelid and eyeball and function in muscle contraction

c

which structure in the diagram is sensitive to low vibrational frequencies and typically located in areas that lack hair

c

damage to which of the cranial nerves in the diagram would result in strabismus

c,f,d

the lens accommodates when contraction of ____ pulls on ____

ciliary muscle, zonular fibers

Which is the transparent layer on the anterior of the eyeball through which the iris can be observed?

cornea

the first order neuron of the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway form the arm joins other axons to form posterior column in the spinal column. it would synapse with second order neuron cell bodies located in the

cuneate nucleus

which of the labeled structure in the diagram contains centers that control heart rate and blood pressure

d

the maxillary branch of which cranial nerve in the diagram would be anesthetized by dentist for upper jaw work

e

what cranial nerve is associated with the olfactory gland

facial

which papillae increase surface area but do not aid in dircet gustation

filiform

blockage of cerebrospinal fluid within the aqueduct of midbrain would result in the swelling of all ventricular spaces except the

fourth ventricle

blockage of the cerebrospinal fluid within the aqueduct of midbrain would result in the swelling of all ventricular except the

fourth ventricle

Left side face paralysis could result from damage to which nerve in the diagram?

g

During a firework celebration, a firework exploded next to a technician's ear, resulting in hearing loss. What nerve was damaged?

h

You smell fresh baked cookies, and your mouth begins to salivate. Which cranial nerves are involved? Select all that apply

i,a,g

which lobe of the cerebrum is found deep to the other four lobes thus cannot be observed from the surface

insula

blood flows to the brain through the _____ arteries and away from the brian through the _____

internal carotid, and internal jugular

______ are sensory receptors located in blood vessels and visceral organs, whose signals are not usually consciously perceived.

interoceptors

the _______ regulates the amount of light entering the eyeball through the pupil

iris

which cranial nerve in the diagram is involved with speech and swallowing and has purely motor function

k

Which portion of the ventricular system is located in the cerebral hemisphere?

lateral ventricle

which cranial nerves control movement of the eyeball

oculomotor, trochlear, and abdunces

olfactory epithelium is found

only in the superior portion of the nasal cavity

loss of dopamine production is caudate nucleus is associated with

parkinson disease

first order neuron in the trigeminothalamic pathway synapse with second order neurons in the

pon and medulla oblongata

the postcentral gyri of the parietal lobes of the cerebral cortex

receives primary somatic sensory information

which structure contains endolymph

saccule, utricle, and cochlear duct

why would neuron B in the diagram be considered a second order neuron

second order neuron end in thalmus, cell bodies of the second order neuron are located in the gray matter of the spinal cord, decussation occurs, second order neurons travel in white matter pathways

dynamic equilibrium is maintained by the

semicircular canals

which order is characterized by a person's breathing repeatedly stopping for 10 or more seconds while sleeping

sleep apnea

when distinguishing among the somatic pathway based on its name, one that begins with spino, will

start in the spinal cord and terminate in the brain carrying secondary information

the baseball player is hit by a line drive on the temporal area of his skull. at the hospital the doctors give a ct scan which shows an accumulation of blood between the dura mater and arachnoid mater, creating pressure on the cerebrum. the hemorrhage forming would be located on which space

subdural space

why is the optic nerve known as the blind spot

there is no retinal layer so there are no cones and rods

the trigeminothalmic pathway, first-order neurons cell bodies are located in the

trigeminal ganglia

which cranial nerves innervate only one eye muscle

trochlear nerve, abducens nerve

what ear structure vibrates back and forth when sound waves strike

tympanic membrane

damage to what cranial nerve may result in death

vagus

damaging which cranial nerve could decrease gastrointestinal secretion

vagus

which cranial nerve is associated with nuclei in both the medulla oblongata and pons

vii

What lies between the lens and the retina?

vitreous chamber