Study Guide Neuro Quiz 2

Autonomic dysreflexia

(potentially life threatening emergency!) HOB elevate 90 degrees, loosen constrictive clothing, assess for full bladder or bowel impaction, (trigger) administer antihypertensives (may cause stroke, MI, seizure)

Flaccid paralysis due to spinal cord injury

19. A frantic family member is distressed about the flaccid paralysis of her son following a spinal cord injury several hours ago. What does the nurse know about this condition? a. It is an ominous indicator of permanent paralysis. b. It is possibly a temporary condition and will clear. c. It degenerates into a spastic paralysis. d. It will progress up the cord to cause seizures. ANS: B A period of flaccid paralysis following a cord injury is called areflexia, or spinal shock, an

t-PA indication, effectivity

23. The nurse is aware that the drug t-PA (Activase), a tissue plasminogen activator, must be given in____hours of the onset of symptoms to have maximum benefit. a. 3 hours b. 4 hours c. 6 hours d. 8 hours ANS: A t-PA must be given within 3 hours of the onset of symptoms to be beneficial

Bells palsy

32. What is the first sign of Bell's palsy? a. Inability to wrinkle forehead and pucker lips on affected side b. Sudden pain in nostril on affected side c. Excessive salivation on the affected side d. Excessive mucus running from nostril on affected side ANS: A Unilateral weakness of the facial muscles usually occurs, resulting in a flaccidity of the affected side of the face with inability to wrinkle the forehead, close the eyelid, pucker the lips, smile, frown, whistle, or retract the mouth on that side. The face appears asymmetric.

Stroke

Sudden loss of consciousness, sensation, and voluntary motion caused by rupture or obstruction (as by a clot) of a blood vessel of the brain.

Meningitis, mode of transmission and prevention of transmission

The bacteria are transmitted from person-to-person through droplets of respiratory or throat secretions from carriers. Smoking, close and prolonged contact - such as kissing, sneezing or coughing on someone, or living in close quarters with a carrier - facilitates the spread of the disease.

Sensory aphasia

Inability to understand the meaning of written, spoken or tactile speech symbols because of disease or injury to the auditory and visual brain centers. 22. What does the nurse know about the stroke patient who has expressive aphasia? a. Has difficulty comprehending spoken and written communication b. Cannot make any vocal sounds c. Has total loss and comprehension of language d. Can understand the spoken word, but cannot speak ANS: D The patient with expressive aphasia has difficulty articulating words, but can understand the written and spoken word.

Lumbar puncture- position

lateral recumbent fetal position, keep patient flat 2-3 hours afterwards, sterile dressing, frequent neuro assessments

Mannitol

osmotic diuretic