Study Modules Exam 2
Match the following term with its correct description: Faster depolarizing pacemaker cells.
SA node
the normal pacemaker of the heart is the ___
SA node
Choose the correct sequence of current flow through the heart wall.
SA node, AV node, AV bundle, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers
Match the following type of vessel with its structure: Arterioles.
Smallest of the vessels that lead into capillary beds
Match the following term with its correct description: Conduction system cells that delay the impulse for about 0.1 second.
AV node
Match the following term to its correct description: Anterior interventricular artery.
Supplies blood to the interventricular septum and anterior walls of both ventricles
Match the following term with its correct description: Ventricular repolarization.
T wave
Match the given term with its correct description: Ventricular depolarization.
QRS complex
Match the following abbreviation with its definition: SV.
amount of blood ejected by one contraction of the heart
Match the following abbreviation with its definition: EDV.
amount of blood in the ventricle at the en doc relaxation
Match the following abbreviation with its definition: ESV.
amount of blood in the ventricle at the end of contraction
Match the following abbreviation with its definition: CO
amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle in 1 minute
What is the purpose of the chordae tendineae?
anchor the AV valves in the closed position
Match the area of the heart with the structure from which it receives blood: Coronary artery.
aorta
Which of the following blood vessels is the most susceptible to atherosclerosis?
aorta
Indicate the valve separating the following areas of the heart: Left ventricle and aorta.
aortic semilunar valve
Match the area of the heart with the "exit" through which the blood leaves: Left ventricle.
aortic semilunar valve
Blood flows directly from __________ into capillary beds.
arterioles
The superior chambers of the heart are called the __________.
atria
The P wave of an electrocardiogram represents __________.
atrial depolarization
The ability of some cardiac muscle cells to initiate their own depolarization and cause depolarization of the rest of the heart is called __________.
automaticity
Indicate the valve separating the following areas of the heart: Left atrium and left ventricle.
bicuspid (mitral) valve
Match the area of the heart with the "exit" through which the blood leaves: Left atrium.
bicuspid valve
what makes the heart valves open and close?
blood pressure
Which of the following types of blood vessels have the proportionally thickest tunica media of all vessels?
distributing arteries
The lining of the heart chambers is called the __________.
endocardium
Which is the correct sequence of layers in the heart wall, starting with the outer layer?
epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
A metarteriole is a vessel that __________.
is intermediate between the arteriole and the capillary bed
Match the following structure with its description: Myocardium.
middle layer of the heart, composed mainly of cardiac muscle
Failure of which heart valve would allow blood to move from the left ventricle to the left atrium?
mitral valve
An elastic lamina on both sides of the tunica media is a characteristic of __________.
muscular arteries
What muscles are used together with the tricuspid and bicuspid valves of the heart?
papillary muscles
Which of the following would lead to a decrease in heart rate?
parasympathetic stimulation
The inner lining of the fibrous pericardium is formed by the __________.
parietal layer of serous pericardium
The inferior vena cava brings blood from the lower regions of the body and empties into the __________.
right atrium
Identify the correct sequence of blood flow through the chambers of the heart.
right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle
Match the following term to its correct description: Right marginal artery.
supplies blood to the latter right side of the myocardium
Match the following term to its correct description: Circumflex artery.
supplies blood to the left atrium and posterior walls of the left ventricle
The vessel layer that has a direct role in vasoconstriction is the __________.
tunica media
Match the following vessel of the pulmonary circuit with the appropriate description: Pulmonary veins.
two from each lung carry blood into the left atrium
Which of the following is a difference between cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?
unlike skeletal muscle cells, cardiac muscle have gap junctions between cells (that allow them to be auto rhythmic)
The __________ nerve carries parasympathetic fibers to the sinoatrial (SA) node.
vagus
Match the following term with its correct description: Mitral valve.
valve between the left atrium and left ventricle
Match the following term with its correct description: Tricuspid valve.
valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
Reduction in the lumen diameter of a blood vessel as the smooth muscle contracts is known as __________.
vasoconstriction
Match the area of the heart with the structure from which it receives blood: Right atrium.
vena cavae
The trabeculae carneae are located in the __________.
ventricles
Which of the following is true when comparing arteries and veins?
Arteries carry blood away from the heart; veins carry blood to the heart.
Match the following blood vessel layer with its description: Tunica interna (tunica intima).
Contains the endothelium (made of simple squamous epithelium)
Match the area of the heart with the structure from which it receives blood: Right ventricle.
right atrium
Match the following term with its correct description: Atrial depolarization.
P wave
Match the following term to its correct description: Cardiac cycle.
The events associated with blood flow through the heart during one complete heartbeat
Match the following type of vessel with its structure: Elastic arteries.
Thick-walled, large vessels near the heart that conduct blood continuously away from the heart
Which of the following is the best description of the events in the cardiac cycle?
all of the events during one heart beat
The __________ are attached to the AV valve flaps.
chordae tendineae
The second heart sound (the 'dup' of 'lub-dup') is caused by the __________.
closure of the semilunar valves
Match the following term to its correct description: Systole.
contraction
The vessels that carry oxygen to the myocardium are called __________.
coronary arteries
The cells of the myocardium behave as a single, coordinated unit called a __________.
functional syncytium
Match the following structure with its description: Endocardium.
glistening white sheet of endothelium lining the inside of the heart
A doctor puts his stethoscope on a patient's chest over the location of the heart and hears a swishing sound. Which of the following conditions is the best diagnosis for the patient's condition?
incompetent cardiac valve
Match the following structure with its description: Epicardium.
inner layer of pericardium (called the visceral layer)
Which of the following is not a role of the pericardium?
it facilities heart contraction
Which of the following factors gives the myocardium its high resistance to fatigue?
large mitochondria in the cytoplasm
The interventricular septum forms a dividing wall between the __________.
left and right ventricles
Into which chamber of the heart do the pulmonary veins deliver blood?
left atrium
Match the area of the heart with the structure from which it receives blood: Left ventricle.
left atrium
Match the following vessel with its correct 'destination': Pulmonary veins.
left atrium
Freshly oxygenated blood is delivered to the __________ and then it passes into the __________ to be pumped to the entire body.
left atrium; left ventricle
The chamber of the heart that takes up the most mass is the_______.
left ventricle
during systemic circulation, blood leaves the ___
left ventricle and goes directly to the aorta
When the mitral valve closes, it prevents the backflow of blood from the __________.
left ventricle into the left atrium
__________ inhibits fibrinolysis by competing with plasminogen and may contribute to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.
lipoprotein (a)
Match the following structure with its description: Fibrous pericardium.
loosely fitting superficial part of the sac enclosing the heart
Guided by powerful signaling molecules, the human heart develops from __________.
mesoderm
what is the correct description for aortic semilunar valve
prevents back flow of blood into the left ventricle
Match the following term with its correct description: Pulmonary semilunar valve.
prevents back flow of blood into the right ventricle
Indicate the valve separating the following areas of the heart: Right ventricle and pulmonary trunk.
pulmonary semilunar valve
Match the area of the heart with the "exit" through which the blood leaves: Right ventricle.
pulmonary semilunar valve
Match the following term with its correct description: The right ventricle sends blood into this vessel.
pulmonary trunk
Match the area of the heart with the structure from which it receives blood: Left atrium
pulmonary veins
Match the following term to its correct description: Diastole.
relaxation
During pulmonary circulation, blood leaves the __________.
right ventricle and moves to the lungs
Match the following term to its correct description: Posterior interventricular artery.
runs to the apex of the heart
the endocardium is composed of ____
simple squamous epithelium
The role of the atrioventricular node (AV node) is to __________.
slow down impulses so that the atria can contract to fill the adjacent ventricles with blood
Match the following type of vessel with its structure: Muscular arteries.
smaller vessels that distribute blood to specific blood organs
A condition in which the valves flaps of the heart become stiff and constrict the opening is called _________.
stenosis
cardiac output is ____
the amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle in one minute
Match the following term to its correct description: Preload.
the degree to which cardiac muscle cells are stretched just before they contract
Which of the following structures lies on the outside surface of the heart and is an integral part of the heart wall?
the epicardium
Match the following abbreviation with its definition: HR
the frequency at which the heart beats
Which of the following statements is not true about the shape, position, and location of the heart?
the heart is enclosed in a double-layers sac called the pleural membrane
What part of the heart is considered the systemic circuit pump?
the left ventricle
Which of the following valves is most often faulty in the heart?
the mitral, or bicuspid, valve
The absolute refractory period refers to the time during which __________.
the muscle cell is not in a position to respond to a stimulus of any strength
Match the following term to its correct description: Stroke volume.
the volume of blood pumped by one ventricle with each heartbeat
Match the following structure with its description: Serous pericardium.
thin, slippery, two-layered membrane
Indicate the valve separating the following areas of the heart: Right atrium and right ventricle.
tricuspid valve
Match the area of the heart with the "exit" through which the blood leaves: Right atrium.
tricuspid valve