Study Set 2
How many pins are in the power supply connector that is typically used on most motherboards today?
24-pin
DDR2 DIMM: Pin Count- Supporting Channels- Notch Locations-
240-pin Dual or Single channel. One notch near the center.
DDR3 DIMM: Pin Count- Supporting Channels- Notch Locations-
240-pin Quad, triple, dual, or single channel. One notch further offset from the center.
How many pins are used in a parallel port, also known as an LPT port?
25
Parallel port
25-pin female port used by old printers; replaced by USB ports
DDR4
288-Pin DIMM or 204 SO-DIMM Pins
DDR4 DIMM: Pin Count- Supporting Channels- Notch Location- Description-
288-pin Quad, dual, or single channel. One notch near the center. The current fastest memory with lower voltage requirements.
The Master Boot Record (MBR) method of partitioning hard drives is limited to what maximum size of drives?
2TB
SATA II
3 Gb/sec
Floppy drive
3.5-inch disk holding 1.44 MB of data; uses 34-pin twisted cable; can hold up to two drives (I believe it's the flat tan cable at the top left of drive, could be wrong)
After installation, how many days do you have to activate Windows 7?
30
The Remote Desktop and Remote Assistance applications utilize what port for remote access?
3389
What is the maximum amount of memory supported by a 32-bit Windows operating system?
4 GB
S-Video port
4- or 7-pin round video port sometimes used to connect to a t.v. (7-pin shown here, less common than 4-pin)
DDR2 RAM speed ratings
400, 533, 667, 800, and 1066 (four times that of the core RAM clock speed)
How much storage is offered by iCloud Drive for no cost?
5 GB
A SuperSpeed USB port is capable of attaining what maximum data transfer speed?
5 Gbps
What type of OS should you install for best performance when you have enough RAM?
64 bit
Serial (D89) port
9-pin male port used on older computers; mostly replaced by USB ports
If you need to redirect the output from a command, what symbol should you use?
>
heat sink
A (h_____) (s______) uses fins that draw heat away from the processor.
Parallel port
A 25-pin female port used by older printers. This older port has been replaced by USB ports.
Accelerated Graphics Port
A 32-bit wide bus standard developed specifically for video cards that includes AGP 1x, 2x, 3x, 4x, and 8x standards. AGP has been replaced by the PCI Express standards.
Thin Client
A low-cost, centrally managed computer with essential but limited capabilities and no extra drives (such as CD or DVD drives) or expansion slots.
Amp (aka ampere) (for example,1.5 A)
A measure of electrical current.
Disk Mirroring
A process of storing data that provides an exact copy that protects users fully in the event of data loss.
External SATA (eSATA)
A standard for external drives bases on SATA that uses a special external shielded SATA cable up to 2 meters long
Digital Video Disc (DVD)
A storage medium used to store software, video games, and movies.
ExpressCard
A type of card used before USB devices became popular and offered to connect additional peripheral devices and ports. Uses the PCIe bus or USB 2.0 standard.
RAID 1
A type of drive imaging that duplicates data on one drive to another drive and is used for fault tolerance. Windows calls RAID 1 a mirrored volume.
PSU
(Power Supply Unit) is a box installed in a corner of the computer case that receives and converts the house current so that components inside the case can use it.
What determines the physical size of a power supply and the placement of screw holes? - wattage rating - form factor - manufacturer - number of connectors
- form factor REF. PAGE: 74
Which of the following file extensions are hidden just after Windows is installed? Choose all that apply.
.txt; .com; .exe
In order to ensure that a Mac has no startup items, what two directories should you check for items?
/System/Library/StartupItems /Library/StartupItems
On Linux, where are the commands required for system administration stored?
/sbin
Which term(s) refer to directories that exist under the root directory? Select all that apply.
1 - folders 2 - subdirectories 3 - child directories 4 - subfolders can
How much storage does a dynamic disk require for the disk management database?
1 MB
Most manufacturers or retailers of laptops offer a warranty that lasts for at least how long?
1 year
Also called the processor, or microprocessor, does most of the processing of data and instructions for the entire system.
Central processing unit (CPU)
Extended Memory Profile (XMP)
Feature of DDR3 ram, enables users to overclock RAM easily
True
Do NOT leave loose cables or cords in a traffic area where people can trip over them. T or F?
What is the last step in the six step troubleshooting method covered in this chapter?
Document
DDR
Double Data Rate RAM
DDR SDRAM
Double data rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
What do you use on electrical fires?
Dry chemicals like CO2 or FM-200
Most Microsoft patches and device drivers can be applied to a 32-bit installation and also a 64-bit installation.
False
Releases of Android are named after animals, such as Lion, Leopard, or Puma.
False
Switches are slowly being replaced by hubs, which are newer technology.
False
The Telnet protocol encrypts transmitted data, which therefore cannot be read by others on the network.
False
When using static IP addressing, software automatically configures the network connection on each device.
False
Windows Disk Cleanup is the utility to use whenever you want to defragment your hard drive.
False
You do not have to be logged on as an administrator in order to use tools found in Computer Management.
False
iOS was developed by and continues to be maintained by a consortium of companies.
False
A FlexATX motherboard is larger than an ATX motherboard.
False REF. PAGE: 83
Typically, PGA sockets give better contact than LGA sockets.
False REF. PAGE: 86
Motherboards contain only a single bus for I/O, video, and data.
False REF. PAGE: 96
A system always needs the 4-pin auxiliary power connector, and sometimes needs the P1 connector as well.
False REF. PAGE: 61
A board with PCIe slots might have a 4-pin Molex power connector to provide additional power to some types of PCIe boards.
False REF. PAGE: 62
HDD vs SSD
Hard disk drive vs Solid State Drive Hard disks spins while Solid state are still Solid states are more expensive but dont have to worry about crash
Which of the following text error messages can indicate that BIOS could not find a hard drive? (Choose all that apply).
Hard drive not found No boot device found
A person that secretly peaks at your monitor screen while you work may be doing what?
shoulder surfing
keeps the motherboard from touching the case
spacer
What keeps the motherboard from touching the case?
spacer REF. PAGE: 56
Spinale
spins around
SPGA
staggered pin grid array
a copy of an entire hard drive that includes the Windows OS, drivers, and applications that are standard to all the computers that might use that copy
standard image
Form factors
standards that describe size, shape, screw hole positions and major features of computer cases, power supplies, and motherboards (necessary so all can be compatible with each other)
What are round plastic or metal pegs that separate the motherboard from the bottom of the case known as?
standoff
How is the network portion and the host portion of an IP address identified?
subnet mask
What part of the Windows display shows information about open programs and provides quick access to others?
taskbar
Memory modules/random access memory (RAM)
temporary storage for data and instructions as they are processed by the CPU; dual inline memory module (DIMM) slots holds RAM and is mounted directly on motherboard
Which of the following is not a necessary precaution when installing memory modules?
test the motherboard for residual electrical charges
The speed at which the processor operates internally is called the processor what?
the processor frequency
When might an LCD monitor experience distorted geometry?
the screen is not set to native resolution
Why are there twists in the wires that are used for network cabling?
the twists reduce crosstalk
What does a small triangle embedded on a connector signify?
the wire nearest the triangle is pin 1
What is the cream that is placed between the bottom of the cooler heatsink and the top of the processor?
thermal compound REF. PAGE: 68
8 - a unique number that identifies a cellular subscription for a device or subscriber, along with its home country and mobile network
IMSI
What is the name of the 32-bit or 128-bit number that is used to identify a device on a network?
IP address
Which of the following is used to uniquely identify a computer on a network?
IP address
True
If you are grounded and touch a charged capacitor, its charge can flow through you to the ground. T or F?
False
If you ever need to change the dual-voltage selector switch, be sure you do NOT first turn off the computer and unplug the power supply. T or F?
True
In PCs and DC circuits, black is used for ground, but in home wiring and in AC circuits, black is used for hot. T or F?
True
In a classroom setting, it IS necessary to have your instructor check your work after you have reassembled everything and before you turn the power back on and power up.
True
In a situation without a ground bracelet or grounding mat, touch the computer case or the power supply before you touch the component in the case, which is called self-grounding. T or F?
liquid cooling system
In addition to using fans, heat sinks, and thermal compound to keep a processor cool, a (l_____) (c_______) (s_______) can be used.
You should take ownership of a customer's problem as if it is your own problem.
True
When you build a computer from parts, you usually start by deciding on which processor and motherboard you will use.
True REF. PAGE: 82
Sandy Bridge processors house the memory controller and graphics controller.
True REF. PAGE: 92
True
True or False: A system will ALWAYS need the main P1 power connector and most likely need the 4-pin auxiliary connector for the processor.
True
True or False: AFTER backing up important data, and BEFORE working on a computer: power down the system, unplug the computer, and press the power button for 3 seconds.
True
True or False: After inserting and securing the motherboard (mobo), connect the power cords from the power supply to the mobo.
True
True or False: After opening the case, clip your ground bracelet to the side of the computer case.
Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM)
Main system memory - needs a constant electric charge and periodic refresh of circuits
Notes
Make (n_____) as you work so that you can backtrack later if necessary.
What are some useful rules to use when troubleshooting? (Choose all that apply).
Make No Assumptions Become a Researcher Establish your Priorities
Buffer Overflow Attack:
Malicious software that attempts to run code from an area of memory assigned to another program for its data.
In the Accelerated Hub Architecture, the fast end of the hub is called the _________________.
North Bridge REF. PAGE: 90
Address Bus
Object used to communicate between CPU and MCC
What software programming languages can be used for an iOS app? (Choose all that apply.)
Objective-C C++ C
x86 Processors
Older processors that can only handle 32-bit instructions from the OS.
megahertz
One million Hz, or one million cycles per second.
Originally developed by IBM, what protocol is used by Windows to share files and printers on a network?
Server Message Block (SMB)
A program that runs in the background and is called on by other programs to perform a background task
Service
What Windows utility is used to control the Windows and third-party services installed on a system?
Services console
Programming Languages
Sets of keywords, symbols, and rules for constructing statements that people can use to communicate instructions to a computer.
True
True or False: Connect the wire leads from the FRONT panel of the case to the FRONT panel header on the motherboard.
True
True or False: Do NOT touch any soldered components on a card, and do NOT touch the edge connectors unless absolutely necessary.
False
True or False: Dust is OK for a PC. It does NOT insulate PC parts like a blanket and cause them to overheat.
False
True or False: Extra power supply power cables do NOT get in the way of airflow inside the case; do NOT consider the number and type of connectors of a power supply unit.
True
True or False: Hold expansion cards by the edges.
False
True or False: If a CPU and cooler ARE already installed on the motherboard (mobo), do NOT connect the power cord from the CPU fan to the pins on the mobo labeled CPU Fan Header.
True
The A+ 220-801 exam expects you to know how to use the MSDS documentation to find out how to dispose of chemicals so as to help protect the environment. T or F?
Every installed device requires a device driver to control the device.
True
Functions that used to be provided by expansion cards are more often found as onboard ports today
True
If a Windows computer belongs to a domain, all security is managed by the network administrator for the entire network.
True
In Windows, there are two types of user accounts: an administrator account and a standard account.
True
Requiring users to press Ctrl+Alt+Delete to get a logon window is more secure than the welcome screen.
True
Some boards designed to support multiple PCIe video cards will have additional power connectors on the board to power wattage-hungry cards.
True
The Android OS for mobile devices is based on Linux.
True
The Windows desktop is itself a folder.
True
The current release of SMB is CIFS, also called SMB2.
True
The default value of the security level in IE is Medium-high.
True
True
True or False: If the motherboard documentation is NOT clear, it is OK to guess when connecting a wire to a front panel header connection; no harm will be done.
True
True or False: If the processor, expansion cards, and other components get overheated, the system can get unstable and components can fail or get damaged.
True
True or False: If you keep your notes, tools, screws, and computer parts well organized, your work goes much smoother and is more fun.
True
True or False: Select a power supply rated about 30% higher than expected needs.
True
True or False: Some drive bays have a clipping mechanism to hold the drive in the bay.
False
True or False: Some drives have an exposed circuit board on the bottom of the drive; Is it OK to touch this board.
False
True or False: The A+ 220-801 exam does NOT expect you to know how to decide on a power supply's wattage, connectors, and form factor.
True
True or False: Video cards draw from the +12 V output.
TPM chip
Trusted Platform Module chip
Video Cards, and they draw from the +12V output
What draws the most power in a system?
80mm to 150mm
What size do fans range from?
Regarding the use of Group Policy, what statement is NOT accurate?
all policies are applied before the logon screen appears
Protecting against ESD
always ground yourself with static control methods (e.g., ground bracelet/ESD strap, ground mats/ESD mats, static shielding bags/antistatic bags, antistatic gloves/ESD gloves)
4-Pin 12-V connector
an auxiliary motherboard connector, which us used for extra 12-V power to the processor.
When using the Windows Encrypted File System, what statement is accurate?
an encrypted file moved to an unencrypted folder remains encrypted
capacitor
an energy storage device that can be used to smooth out voltage
8-Pin 12-V connector
and auxiliary motherboard connector witch is used for extra 12-V power to the processor, providing more power than older 4-Pin auxiliary connector.
used during an unattended installation
answer file
What is another name for several small utility programs that are found in the Control Panel?
applets
Which of the following is NOT true about Remote Desktop?
by default all users can access Remote Desktop
What statement regarding passwords on Windows is accurate?
by default, accounts with a blank password cannot logon remotely
Managing Cables
cables should be in safe place (cables left on floor are a trip hazard); if cable must be ran across path or where someone sits, use a cable or cord cover
assignment of a problem to someone higher in the support chain
call tracking
software that records the progress and resolution of a problem ticket
call tracking
What command can be used to copy and convert files, directories, partitions, and even entire DVDs or hard drives?
dd
What device handles access to another network for a client computer if it does not have a better option?
default gateway
What term describes one or more characters following the last period in a filename, such as .exe, .txt, or .avi?
file extension
the overall structure an OS uses to name, store, and organize files on a drive
file system
A Windows 7/Vista command option that repairs the boot sector of the system partition.
fixboot
FCPGA
flip-chip pin grid array
What do you clip to the side of the computer case to dissipate any charge between you and the computer?
ground bracelet REF. PAGE: 51
What file holds the preferences and settings of the currently signed-in user?
ntuser.dat
When using Group Policy to configure QoS, what options are available? (Choose all that apply.)
outbound traffic can be throttled the priority is a number from 0 and 63
What is the term used to describe running a processor at a higher frequency than recommended?
overclocking REF. PAGE: 77
What two terms describe the type of network cable that is used for connecting a computer to a switch or other network device?
patch cable straight-through cable
What is used to change motherboard settings, finds a boot device, and contains instructions for running essential hardware before an OS is started?
setup UEFI/BIOS
If you suspect corrupted system files are causing issues, what command can be run to search for and replace the corrupted files?
sfc /scannow
4/8-pin 12V
+12V; Auxiliary power to CPU
PCIe 6/8 pin
+12V; Auxiliary power to PCIe cards
24-pin P1
+3.3V, +/-5V, +/-12V; Newer main power connector to motherboard
20-pin P1
+3.3V, +/-5V, +/-12V; Older main power connector to motherboard
SATA
+3.3V, +5V, +12V; Power to SATA drives, 5 pin
Molex
+5V, +12V; Power to older IDE drives and used with some older SATA drives, 4 pin
Which of the following is the Intel maximum degree limit for processors? - 185 F - 90 F - 155 C - 32 C
- 185 F REF. PAGE: 67
Which socket type is soldered to the motherboard, along with the CPU? - SPGA - BGA - FCLGA - PGA
- BGA REF. PAGE: 87
Where do today's computers store almost all motherboard configuration data? - BIOS ROM - DIMM RAM - CMOS RAM - Solid State Disk
- CMOS RAM REF. PAGE: 106
Which material is a cooler that sits atop the CPU most likely made of? - brass - steel - copper - lead
- Copper REF. PAGE: 68
Which of the following is a technology that allows for multiple video cards to work together in one system? - Nehalem - Firewire - CrossFire - eSATA
- CrossFire REF. PAGE: 91
What unit is used to measure the frequency of memory, FSB, and the processor? - bps - Hz - mph - MIPS
- Hz REF. PAGE: 96
Which of the following is the smallest motherboard form factor? - MicroATX - MicroBTX - FlexATX - NLX
- MicroBTX REF. PAGE: 84
List and describe the five front panel connectors you will likely see going from the front panel to the motherboard.
- Power SW. Controls power to the motherboard; must be connected for the PC to power up - HDD LED. Controls the drive activity light on the front panel that lights up when any SATA or IDE device is in use (HDD stands for hard disk drive; LED stands for light-emitting diode) - Power LED+. Positive LED controls the power light and indicates that power is on - Power LED-. Negative LED controls the power light; the two positive and negative leads indicate that power is on - Reset SW. Switch used to reboot the computer REF. PAGE: 64
Which of the following represents the correct order in which you should install components into the case after disassembling a computer? - power supply, drives, motherboard, cards - cards, motherboard, power supply, drives - drives, motherboard, cards, power supply - motherboard, drives, cards, power supply
- Power supply, drives, motherboard, cards REF. PAGE: 60
Which of the following is NOT a typical connector found on the front panel header? - Power SW - SATA controller - HDD LED - Power LED+
- SATA controller REF. PAGE: 64
Which technology may require that you purchase a power supply that specifically supports that technology? - SLI - DIMM - PCI - USB
- SLI REF. PAGE: 75
Which of the following can be described as round plastic or metal pegs that separate the motherboard from the bottom of the case? - header - insulator - standoff - elevator
- Standoff REF. PAGE: 56
What must your motherboard have to use BitLocker Encryption in Windows 7 which will ensure that your hard drive cannot be used in another computer? - TPM chip - BIOS password - CMOS RAM - Encrypted USB port
- TPM chip REF. PAGE: 118
What does a small triangle embedded on a connector signify? - use caution when using the connector - the pin near the triangle should be matched with a circular pin - the wire nearest the triangle is pin 1 - the connector is optional and need not be attached
- The wire nearest the triangle is pin 1 REF. PAGE: 65
What is placed between the bottom of the cooler heat sink and the top of the processor that makes an airtight connection between the fan and processor? - fan shield - high-density oil - metal fins - thermal compound
- Thermal compound REF. PAGE: 68
Along with the processor, what other device is the highest heat producer in the system? - BIOS chip - disk controller - video card - riser card
- Video card REF. PAGE: 70
What type of socket ensures that even force is applied to the processor when it is being installed in the socket? - ZIF - LGA - FM2 - AM3
- ZIF REF. PAGE: 89
At what point during the motherboard installation should you install the motherboard drivers? - after Windows successfully boots - after the POST successfully completes - before applying power for the first time - only if you get a blue screen of death when Windows boots
- after Windows successfully boots REF. PAGE: 130
Which of the following is NOT a good practice when working inside a computer case? - be sure to hold expansion cards by the edge connectors - don't touch a microchip with a magnetized screwdriver - remove loose jewelry - don't touch the inside of a computer that is turned on
- be sure to hold expansion cards by the edge connectors REF. PAGE: 2
Which of the following is a setting you can configure from the BIOS setup program? a. disable a Windows driver c. configure the screen saver timeout b. set the desktop background d. change the boot sequence
- change the boot sequence REF. PAGE: 112
If your computer is in a dirty, dusty environment, what tool should you use periodically to prevent overheating? - all-purpose cleaner - compressed air - chip extractor - wet cloth
- compressed air REF. PAGE: 72
Which of the following is true about fans in the computer system? - they are not found in the power supply case - they're usually not needed if your room is cool enough - larger fans tend to run quieter - they always run at a fixed speed
- larger fans tend to run quieter REF. PAGE: 74
If you need to reset the BIOS password on a motherboard and the instructions say to make sure jumper J1 is open, what should you do? - start the computer and enter BIOS setup mode - boot Windows and start the BIOS password reset utility; choose option J1 - open the case and remove the cover from a set of pins marked J1. - unplug the computer and install the loopback connector from the port labeled J1
- open the case and remove the cover from a set of pins marked J1 REF. PAGE: 108
Under what circumstance is a liquid cooling system most likely used? - overclocking - multiple hard disks installed - dual-core processing - onboard graphics controller
- overclocking REF. PAGE: 71
Which of the following is the second step in opening the case of a working computer? - press and hold down the power button for a moment - power down the system and unplug it - back up important data - open the case cover
- power down the system and unplug it REF. PAGE: 47-48
Which of the following represents a method for accessing the BIOS setup program? - boot Windows and go to Control Panel - press a key during the BIOS POST - set a motherboard jumper and start the computer - boot to the BIOS setup floppy disk
- press a key during the BIOS POST REF. PAGE: 111
What type of bus does PCI Express use? - serial - parallel - virtual - logical
- serial REF. PAGE: 99
What should you do if you want to be able locate your laptop in the event of loss or theft and give it a command through the Internet to lock it or delete data? - set a BIOS No Access password - enable the GPS module in the BIOS - subscribe to LoJack for Laptops - install a high-power WiFi card
- subscribe to LoJack for Laptops REF. PAGE: 117
What has occurred if you see the message "Chassis Intruded! System has halted." the next time you start your computer? - the disk has failed - the case has been opened - Windows has not been activated - the keyboard has been unplugged
- the case has been opened REF. PAGE: 116
What is the result of using a 3-pin fan connector on a 4-pin header on the motherboard? - the fan will not operate at all - the fan speed cannot be controlled - the fan runs at half speed - you will not be able to connect the fan connector
- the fan speed cannot be controlled REF. PAGE: 68
Which of the following is a consideration when purchasing a power supply with the correct wattage? - DIMMs draw the most power - fans draw as much power as a video card - motherboards with CPU tend to draw about the same as a SATA drive - the power supply should be rated 30% higher than your needs
- the power supply should be rated 30% higher than your needs REF. PAGE: 76
Which of the following is NOT true about Ivy Bridge chipsets compared to earlier products? - use more power - better performance - higher density transistors - released in 2012
- use more power REF. PAGE: 93
What was the AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) bus designed specifically for? - CPU sockets - memory slots - disk controllers - video cards
- video cards REF. PAGE: 97
All parts of an Android application are published as a package of files wrapped into one file utilizing what file extension?
.apk
A custom view filter in Event Viewer can be saved to a file using what extension?
.evtx
Text files that are called initialization files often utilize what two file name extensions?
.inf .ini
A disc image, as defined by the International Organization for Standardization, uses what file extension?
.iso
What option, when passed to the shutdown command, will restart the local computer?
/r
Types of processor orientation indications ():
1.) Gold arrow to right angle mark. (Intel/AMD) 2.) Notches to post. (Intel/AMD) 3.) Alignment pin banks to socket blanks. (AMD)
Basic Components of a Processor (1-5):
1.) I/O Unit - Manages data and instructions entering and leaving the processor. 2.) Control Unit - Manages all activities inside the processor itself. 3.) Registers - Small holding areas on the processor chip that hold data that the ALU is currently processing. 4.) Internal Memory Caches - Hold data and instructions waiting to be processed by the ALU. 5.) Buses - Connect the components of the processor within the housing.
Features that affect performance and compatibility of motherboards: (1-9)
1.) Processor Speed 2.) Socket and chipset the processor can use. 3.) Processor architecture. 4.) Multiprocessing abilities. 5.) Memory cache 6.) Security 7.) The memory features on the motherboard that the porcessor can support. 8.) Support of virtualization 9.) Integrated graphics
Steps to install a processor (1-8):
1.) Read all directions in the motherboard user guide 2.) Use and ESD strap. 3.) Remove the socket protective cover. 4.) Open the socket arm. 5.) Remove the processor from its plastic protective cover. 6.) Place the processor with index finger and thumb on the edges of the processor into the socket. 7.) Check if the processor is aligned correctly into the socket. 8.) Close the socket arm.
Channels for DIMMs: Single- Dual- Triple- Quad-
1.) The memory controller can access only one DIMM at a time. 2.) The memory controller can communicate with two DIMMs at the same time. (DDR, 2, 3, and 4) 3.) The memory controller can communicate with three DIMMs at the same time. (Only DDR3) 4.) The memory controller can communicate with four DIMMs at the same time. (Introduced by Sandy Bridge for DDR 3 and 4)
Steps to install a cooler (1-5):
1.) Understand the assembly and mounting brackets needed for the cooler and fasten them. 2.) Apply a small dot of compound to the processor. 3.) Place the cooler over the processor aligning it with the mounting holes. 4.) Push down/tighten each locking pin till the cooler is tightly attached to the motherboard (tighten in star pattern). 5.) Attach the CPU fan to the motherboard's fan header pins.
What two methods can be used to access items in the Quick Launch menu?
1/ Right click the Start button, select an item from the Quick Launch menu 2/ Press Win+X on the keyboard to access the Quick Launch menu from anywhere
PCIe x16 Card other than a Video Card
100 W
What cable system utilizes a fiber-optic cable?
1000BaseFX
What version of Ethernet utilizes a fiber-optic cable and has a transmission speed of 100 Mbps?
100BaseFX
what is the transfer rate of a 64-bit module running at 1600 Megahertz?
12800 Mega bites per second
In order to enable the Windows 7 Aero user interface, how much video memory must be available to the video controller?
128MB
SATA Hard Drive
15-30 W
VGA (Video Graphics Array, sometimes called a DB-15) port
15-pin female port; transmits analog video. Older monitors use VGA ports.
PCIe x16 Video Card
150-300 W
SO-RIMM: Pin Count- Notch Orientation-
160-pins Two notches
SDRAM DIMM (Single DRAM): Pin Count- Notch Locations- Description-
168-pin Two notches that vary in location depending on the memory features. The first type of RAM that synchronized with the system clock and precursor to DDR.
DDR ram
172 Pins DIMM or 200pin SODIMM
DDR DIMM (Double Data Rate): Pin Count- Supporting Channels- Notch Locations-
184-pin Dual or Single channel. One offset notch from the center.
RIMM: Pin Count- Notch Locations- Description-
184-pin Two notches near the center. An older type of module designed by Rambus, Inc.
(Standard) SO-DIMM: Size- Pin Count- Notch Orientation-
2.35" 72-pins. No notch on the card.
SDRAM SO-DIMM: Size- Pin Count- Notch Orientation-
2.66" 144-pins. One notch slightly offset from center.
DDR SO-DIMM: Size- Pin Count- Notch Orientation-
2.66" 200-pins. One notch near the side (slightly off from DDR2 SO-DIMM).
DDR2 SO-DIMM: Size- Pin Count- Notch Orientation-
2.66" 200-pins. One notch near the side.
DDR3 SO-DIMM: Size- Pin Count- Notch Orientation- DDR3L-
2.66" 204-pins. One notch offset form the center. Uses less power than regular DDR3 SO-DIMMs
DDR4 SO-DIMM: Size- Pin Count- Notch Orientation-
2.74" 260-pins. One notch offset from the center.
PCI Card (Network Card, FIreWire Card, or other PCI Card)
20 W
DVD/CD Drive
20-30 W
What TCP port is utilized by an SSH server listening for connections?
22
DDR2 ram
240 Pins DIMM, and 200 SO-DIMM
What port is utilized by the Remote Desktop service?
3389
A Bluetooth PIN code requires the entry of a PIN that is how many digits in length?
4
What wireless networking radio frequency yields faster speeds but offers shorter range?
5 GHz
Fan
5 W
PCI Video Card
50 W
On a magnetic drive, what is the most common sector size?
512 bytes
SATA III
6 Gb/sec
The PCIe connectors on an ATX Version 2.2 power supply come in what two different configurations, depending on the version of PCI express involved?
6-pin and 8-pin
SIMMs (Single Inline Memory Modules): Pin Count- Description-
72-pin or 30-pin Used in old computers in groups to each bank of memory (2 for the 72-pin and 4 for 30-pin versions).
If you have a PCI Express Version 2 video card, how many pins will the power connector have if the card requires extra power?
8
Sometimes a board may have an extra PCIe power connector. This connector comes in what two different pin numbers?
8-pin 6-pin
VGA mode includes what two resolutions for troubleshooting monitors?
800 x 600 640 x 480
What port is utilized by secure IMAP (IMAPS)?
993
pulse width modulation
A 4-pin fan header on a motherboard supports (p______) (w_______) (m___________) (PWM) that controls fan speed.
Which of the following is true about installing the motherboard and connecting power? - there are typically three screw sets that hold the motherboard to the case - the P1 connector is used for PCIe devices - you can use an adapter to convert two 6-pin connectors to a PCIe connector - a 4-pin power cord supplies supplemental power to the processor
A 4-pin power cord supplies supplemental power to the processor REF. PAGE: 60-61
ExpressCard/54
A 54mm wide ExpressCard that is fully hot-pluggable, hot-swappable, and supports auto-configuration.
True
A CRT monitor can damage components placed on or next to it with electrostatic discharge (ESD). T or F?
Duel Inline Memory Module (DIMM)
A DRAM-holding stick, with 168 pins for regular DDR ram
USB Dongle
A USB connector used to convert signals/as an adapter from other types of connectors. ie: USB to RJ-45 Dongle, USB to Wi-Fi Dongle, USB to Bluetooth adapter, and USB optical drives.
Diskpart
A Windows command to manage hard drives, partitions, and volumes
diskpart
A Windows command to manage hard drives, partitions, and volumes.
CHKDSK (Check Disk)
A Windows command to verify the hard drive does not have bad sectors that can corrupt the file system
chkdsk
A Windows command to verify the hard drive does not have bad sectors that can corrupt the file system.
Bootrec
A Windows command used to repair the BCD and boot sectors
bootrec
A Windows command used to repair the Boot Configuration Data (BCD) and boot sectors.
Windows Pinwheel
A Windows graphic that indicates the system is waiting for a response from a program or device
Memory Diagnostics
A Windows utility (mdsched.exe) used to test memory
Startup Repair
A Windows utility that restores many of the Windows files needed for a successful boot
Startup Repair
A Windows utility that restores many of the Windows files needed for a successful boot.
What is a ZIF socket and what is its purpose?
A ZIF socket is a zero insertion force socket. When a processor is installed in a socket, extreme care must be taken to protect the socket and the processor against ESD and from damage caused by bending the pins or scratching the socket holes during the installation. So that even force is applied when inserting the processor in the socket, all current processor sockets have one or two levers on the sides of the socket. These sockets are called zero insertion force (ZIF) sockets REF. PAGE: 88
True
A capacitor holds its charge even after the power is turned off and the device is unplugged. T or F?
riser card
A card that plugs into a motherboard and allows for expansion cards to be mounted parallel to the motherboard. Expansion cards are plugged into slots on the riser card.
Contactless Payment Card
A card with an embedded chip that only needs to be held close to a terminal to transfer its data; no PIN number needs to be entered.
Trusted Platform Module chip
A chip on a motherboard that holds an encryption key required at startup to access encrypted data on the hard drive. Windows 7/Vista BitLocker Encryption can use the TPM chip.
What is the purpose of the chipset on a motherboard?
A chipset is a set of chips on the motherboard that works closely with the processor to collectively control the memory, buses on the motherboard, and some peripherals. The chipset must be compatible with the processor it serves. REF. PAGE: 89
Data Center
A climate-and-access-controlled building or a set of buildings that houses the computer hardware that deliver an organization's data and information services.
wait state
A clock tick in which nothing happens, used to ensure that the microprocessor isn't getting ahead of slower components. A 0-wait state is preferable to a 1-wait state. Too many wait states can slow down a system.
Libraries (SS)
A collection of compiled routines that other programs can be used .dll (Dynamic Link-libraries)
Libraries
A collection of compiled routines that other programs can be used. E.G. DLL (dynamic link libraries)
Software Suite
A collection of programs packaged together in a bundle.
RAID 10 (RAID 1+0)
A combination of RAID 1 and RAID 0 that requires at least four disks to work as an array of drives and provides the best redundancy and performance
RAID 10 or RAID 1 + 0
A combination of RAID 1 and RAID 0 that requires at least four disks to work as an array of drives and provides the best redundancy and performance. Primary benefit is the data is always backed up. 100% redundancy.
Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROAM)
A common form of optical disc on which data cannot be modified once it has been recorded
MultiMediaCard (MMC)
A compact storage card that looks like an SD card, but the technology is different and they are not interchangeable.
MultiMediaCard (MMC)
A compact storage card that looks like an SD card, but the technology is different and they are not interchangeable. Generally, SD cards are faster than this
Handheld Computer
A compact-sized computing device that is small enough to hold comfortably in one hand, and typically includes a display screen with stylus and/or touch screen input along with a compact keyboard or numeric keyboard.
Lightning Port
A connector for power and communication for newer mobile Apple products.
header
A connector on a motherboard that consists of pins that stick up from the board is called a (h_______).
PCIe 6-Pin Connector
A connector that provides and extra +12 V for high-end video cards using PCI Express, Version 1 standard.
PCIe 8-Pin Connector
A connector that provides and extra +12 V for high-end video cards using PCI Express, Version 2
PCIe 6/8-Pin Connector
A connector used by high-end video cards using PCIe x16 slots to provide extra voltage to the card and can accommodate a 6-hole or 8-hole port. The connector is split into a 6-Pin and 2-Pin to get a total of 8-Pins when both connected.
4-Pin Berg Connector
A connector used by older floppy disk drives (FDD)
Thermal Compound:
A cream like paste placed between the bottom of the cooler heat sink and the top of the processor, used to eliminate air pockets to draw heat off the processor.
thermal compound
A creamlike (t_________) (c__________) is placed between the bottom of the cooler heat sink and the top of the processor.
False
A device IS protected from electrostatic discharge if you place it on top of an antistatic bag, not just inside of it. T or F?
Smart Card Reader
A device that can read a smart card used to authenticate a person onto a network
smart card reader
A device that can read a smart card used to authenticate a person onto a network.
Transformer
A device that changes the ration of voltage to current.
Gyroscope
A device that contains a disk that is free to move and can respond to gravity as the device is moved.
AC Adapter
A device that converts AC to DC and can use regular house current to power a laptop computer
Rectifier
A device that converts AC to DC.
Inverter
A device that converts DC to AC.
Phablet
A device that has the same capapilities of a smart phone or tablet but is smaller than a tablet and larger than a smart phone.
Direct Access Storage Device (DASD)
A device used for direct access of secondary storage data.
Sequential Access Storage Device (SASD)
A device used to sequentially access secondary storage data.
Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
A direct access storage device used to store and retrieve data from rapidly rotating disks coated with magnetic material.
Magnetic Disk
A direct access storage device, with bits represented by magnetized areas.
Pixel
A dot of color on a photo image or a point of light on a display screen.
system clock
A line on a bus that is dedicated to timing the activities of components connected to it. The system clock provides a continuous pulse that other devices use to time themselves.
Ground mat (aka ESD mat)
A mat with a connector in one corner that you can use to connect the mat to the ground when repairing and assembling computers.
RAS Latency (Row Access Strobe Latency, RS):
A measure of access timing by the number of cycles it takes to write or read a row of data or a memory module. (Lower numbers is better).
Volt (for example, 115 V)
A measure of electrical force.
Joule (for example, 500 joules)
A measure of work or energy. One unit of this is the work required to push an electrical current of one amp through a resistance of one ohm (Ω).
CAS Latency (Column Access Strobe Latency, CS):
A measurement of access timing by the number of cycles it takes to write or read a column of data of a memory module. (Lower numbers is better).
sequential access
A method of data access used by tape drives, whereby data is written or read sequentially from beginning to end of the tape or until the desired data is found.
Sequential Access
A method of data access used by tape drives, whereby data is written or read sequentially from the beginning to the end of the tape or until the desired data is found
Redundant Array of Independent/Inexpensive Disks (RAID)
A method of storing data that generates extra bits of data from existing data enabling the system to create a "reconstruction map" so that if a hard drive fails, the system can rebuild lost data.
Multicore Microprocessor
A microprocessor that combines two or more independent processors into a single computer so that they share the workload and improve processing capacity.
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)
A modular method of developing software and systems that allows users to interact with systems and systems to interact with each other.
Workstation
A more powerful personal computer used for mathematical computing, computer-assisted design, and other high-end processing, but still small enough to fit on a desktop.
20+4 Pin P1 Connector
A motherboard connector that has 4 pins removed so the connector can function as a 20-Pin and a 24-Pin connector interchangeably.
Why are motherboards installed in the case using spacers?
A motherboard is installed so that the bottom of the board does not touch the case. If the fine traces or lines on the bottom of the board were to touch the case, a short would result when the system is running. To keep the board from touching the case, spacers or standoffs may be used. REF. PAGE: 55-56
POST Diagnostic Card
A motherboard test card that can help discover and report computer errors and conflicts before the OS is launched.
Dual Processors/Multiprocessor Platform:
A motherboard that has two processor sockets.
Read-Only Memory (ROM)
A non-volatile form of memory.
Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI)
A panic button, or unavailable interruption that CPU cant ignore, often leads to crash screen/BSoD
Laptop Computer
A personal computer designed for use by mobile users, being small and light enough to sit comfortably on a user's lap.
All-in-one Computer
A personal computer that combines the monitor and computer case into one with laptop and desktop components.
Heat Sink
A piece of metal, with cooling fins, that can be attached to or mounted on an integrated chip package (such as the CPU) to dissipate heat
I/O shield
A plate installed on the rear of a computer case that provides holes for I/O ports coming off the motherboard.
Tablet Computer
A portable, lightweight computer with no keyboard that allows you to roam the office, home, or factory floor carrying the device like a clipboard.
wattage ratings
A power supply has (w________) (r_______s), which are the amounts of power it can supply.
ATX 12V Power Supply
A power supply that provides a 4-Pin 12-V power cord.
Dual Rail
A power supply with a second +12V circuit, used to ensure the first circuit is not overloaded
low-level formatting
A process (usually performed at the factory) that electronically creates the hard drive tracks and sectors, and tests for bad sports on the disk surface.
Low-Level Formatting
A process (usually performed at the factory) that electronically creates the hard drive tracks and sectors, and tests for bad spots on the disk surface
Multiprocessing:
A processor with two processing units installed within it.
Green Computing
A program concerned with the efficient and environmentally responsible design, manufacture, operation, and disposal of IS-related products.
Off the Shelf
A programme that is ready to use or it may be written specially by programmers for an organisation.
Desktop Computer
A relatively small, inexpensive, single-user computer that is highly versatile.
Direct Access
A retrieval method in which data can be retrieved without the need to read and discard other data.
Sequential Access
A retrieval method in which data must be accessed in the order in which it is stored.
Chassis Air Guide (CAG)
A round air duct that helps to pull and direct fresh air from outside a computer case to the cooler and processor
Read/Write Head
A sealed, magnetic coil device that moves across the surface of a disk in a magnetic HDD, either reading data from or writing to the disk
Sheet Battery
A secondary battery that fits on the bottom of a laptop to provide additional battery charge
Computer Program
A sequence of instructions for the computer.
Clock Speed
A series of electronic pulses produced at a predetermined rate that affects machine cycle time.
POST (power-on self test)
A series of tests performed by startup BIOS when you first turn on a computer.
Blade Server
A server that houses many individual computer motherboards that include one or more processors, computer memory, computer storage, and computer network connections.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
A service that allows businesses to subscribe to Web-delivered application software.
Bus
A set of physical connections (such as cables and printed circuits) that can be shared by multiple hardware components so they can communicate with one another.
Operating system
A set of programmes that lie between applications and software and the computer hardware
protocol
A set of rules and standards that two entities use for communication.
Bank
A slot for DIMM stick
Boot Configuration Data (BCD)
A small Windows database structured the same as a registry file and contains configuration information about how Windows is started. The BCD file replaces the Boot.ini file used in Windows 2000/XP.
Boot Configuration Data (BCD)
A small Windows database structures the same as a registry file and contains configuration information about how Windows is started. This file replaces the Boot.ini file used in Windows 2000/XP
Netbook
A smaller and less expensive personal computer than the laptop with fewer features. Normally do not have Optical Drives.
pin grid array
A socket that has holes aligned in uniform rows around the socket to receive the pins on the bottom of the processor.
zero insertion force socket
A socket that uses a small lever to apply even force when you install the processor into the socket.
external SATA (eSATA)
A standard for external drives based on SATA that uses a special external shielded SATA cable up to 2 meters long.
Virtual Tape
A storage device for less frequently needed data so that it appears to be stored entirely on tape cartridges, although some parts of it might actually be located on faster hard disks.
Ground bracelet (aka ESD strap/ bracelet, antistatic wrist strap)
A strap you wear around your wrist and attach to the computer case when working on computer.
A short
A sudden increase in (electrical) flow that can also create a sudden increase in temperature.
What statement about an FRU is true?
A support technician should know how to replace one
Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.)
A system BIOS and hard drive feature that monitors hard drive performance, disk spin-up time, temperature, distance between the head and disk, and other mechanical activities of the drive in order to predict when the drive is likely to fail
S.M.A.R.T (Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology)
A system BIOS and hard drive feature that monitors hard drive performance, disk spin-up time, temperature, distance between the head and the disk, and other mechanical activities of the drive in order to predict when the drive is likely to fail.
Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool (EPEAT)
A system that enables purchasers to evaluate, compare, and select electronic products based on a total of 51 environmental criteria.
Audio Ports
A system usually contains three or more of these and are also called sound ports for a microphone, audio in, audio out, and stereo out. They can transmit analog or digital data.
Minicartridge
A tape drive cartridge that is only 3 1/4" x 2 1/2" x 3/5". It is small enough to allow two drives to fit into a standard 5-inch drive bay of a PC case
minicartridge
A tape drive cartridge that is only 3.25 x 2.5 x 3/5 inches. It is small enough to allow two drives to fit into a standard 5-inch drive bay of a PC case.
Thread:
A task handed of from Windows to the CPU that may involve several instructions.
RAID 5
A technique that stripes data across three or more drives and provides the best redundancy and performance
RAID 5
A technique that stripes data across three or more drives and uses parity checking, so that if one drive fails, the other drives can re-create the data stored on the failed drive. RAID 5 drives increase performance and provide fault tolerance. Windows calls these drives RAID -5 volumes. AKA RAID -5 volume read/write head. A blend of RAID 0 and 1 and improves speed and redundancy.
wear leveling
A technique used on a solid-state drive (SSD) that ensures the logical block addressing does not always address the same physical blocks in order to distribute write operations more evenly across the device.
Wear Leveling
A technique used on an SSD that ensures the logical block addressing does not always address the same physical blocks in order to distribute write operations more evenly across the device
LoJack
A technology by Absolute Software used to track the whereabouts of a laptop computer and, if the computer is stolen, lock down access to the computer or erase data on it. The technology is embedded in the BIOS of many laptops.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
A technology that employs a microchip with an antenna to broadcast its unique identifier and location to receivers.
Digital Versatile Disc (DVD); Digital Video Disc)
A technology used by optical discs that uses a red laser beam and can hold up to 17 GB of data
DVD
A technology used by optical discs that uses a red laser beam and can hold up to 17 GB of data.
Point-of-Sale (POS) Device
A terminal used to enter data into the computer system.
What is the most common pointing device on laptops?
A touch pad
Base Station
A tower that controls a cellular network.
Magnetic Stripe Card
A type of card that stores a limited amount of data by modifying the magnetism of tiny iron-based particle contained in a band on the card.
RAID 1
A type of drive imaging that duplicates data on one drive to another drive and is used for fault tolerance. Windows calls this a mirrored volume
xD-Picture Card
A type of flash memory device that has a compact design and currently holds up to 8 GB of data
xD-Picture Card
A type of flash memory device that has compact design and currently holds up to 8 GB of data.
Accelerometer
A type of gyroscope used in mobile devices to sense the physical position of the device.
Secure Digital (SD) Card
A type of memory card used in digital cameras, tablets, cell phones, MP3 players, digital camcorders, and other portable devices
flip-chip pin grid array
A type of socket used by processors that has holes aligned in rows to receive pins on the bottom of the processor. The chips in the processor are flipped over so that the top of the chip makes contact with the socket.
Comman-Based User Interface
A user interface that requires you to give text commands to the computer to perform basic activities.
Defragmentation Tool
A utility or command to rewrite a file to a disk in one contiguous chain of clusters, thus speeding up data retrieval
defragmentation tool
A utility or command to rewrite a file to a disk in one contiguous chain of clusters, thus speeding up data retrieval.
traces
A wire on a circuit board that connects two components or devices.
True
AC travels on a hot line from the power station to a building and returns to the power station on a neutral line. T or F?
CPU brands and function
AMD & Intel Brain of the computer gets very hot by adding subtracting and multiplying
Hyper-Transport:
AMD's terminology for multithreading.
If a device does not receive an IP address from a DHCP server, the device may resort to what kind of IP address?
APIPA
What are two form factors used by most desktop/tower computer cases and power supplies?
ATX & Mini-ATX REF. PAGE: 10
A micro-ATX motherboard will fit into a case that follows what minimum standard?
ATX 2.1
What are the two most common form factors that are used today for computer cases, power supplies, and motherboards?
ATX and mATX
400-MHz frontside bus speed
Achieved not through system clock, but through having CPUs and MCCs send 64 bits of data 2-4 times per clock cycle, resulting in double or quadruple speeds
A tool that lists errors and issues that need attention
Action Center
Which Windows utility program lists errors and issues that need attention?
Action Center
What are some of the responsibilities of the kernel during the startup process? (Choose all that apply.)
Activates the HAL Starts critical services Starts the Session Manager
a small app or add-on that can be downloaded from a website along with a webpage and is executed by IE to enhance the webpage
ActiveX control
ECC (error-correcting code):
Adds an odd chip to a memory module to add error correction features to the DIMM. It compares bits written tot the module to what is later read from the module and can detect and correct an error in a single bit of the byte (not 2 bits tough). It has a data path of 72 bits (unlike 64 bits for regular DIMMs).
Under the Control Panel, what console contains Print Management, Computer Management, and Event Viewer?
Administrative Tools
What is the name for the 3D user interface provided by Windows 7 and Vista?
Aero
power supply
After carefully removing the motherboard, remove the (p______) (s______) from the case.
drive
After carefully removing the power supply, carefully remove each (d____).
Rear
After removing the screws, to take off the side panel, slide the panel toward the [front or rear] of the case and lift it off.
a feature that uses Bluetooth to detect nearby compatible devices, then creates a peer-to-peer network using a Wi-Fi signal between the devices
AirDrop
A computer is said to be in this mode when all wireless technologies are turned off.
Airplane mode
Which component may be considered a field replaceable unit (FRU)?
All of the above
Blue-Ray (BD)
An optical disc technology that uses the UDF version 2.5 file system and a blue laser beam, which is shorter than any red beam used by DVD or CD discs. The shorter blue laser beam allows Blue-ray discs to store more data than a DVD.
What mobile operating system is the Fire OS used by Amazon's Kindle Fire devices based on?
Android
What operating system is based on open source code?
Android
When attempting to access a remote computer on which your user name and password do not exist, what user group will you be placed in?
Anonymous users
What are the two most popular web server applications?
Apache IIS
x86-64 Processors
Are hybrid processors that can handle either a 32-bit or 64-bit OS. (All processors made after 2007 are hybrid)
What is the first step you should perform before working inside the case of a working computer?
Back up important data. REF. PAGE: 47
an extra copy of a data or software file that you can use if the original file becomes damaged or destroyed
Backup
a group that can back up and restore any files on a Windows system regardless of access permissions to these files
Backup Operators
Using what Windows 7 utility allows you to create a backup schedule that can include any folder on the hard drive and the system image?
Backup and Restore
What should be done before any changes are made to a system that is experiencing a problem?
Backup data
In a cellular network, each cell is controlled by a tower. What are these towers called?
Base stations
BIOS
Basic input/output system.
What should you do before disconnecting the wires leading from the front of the computer case to the motherboard if you don't have the motherboard manual handy?
Be very careful to diagram how these wires connect because they are never labeled well on a motherboard. REF. PAGE: 55
BD-RE
Blu-ray discs rewritable
another name for a stop error, which happens when processes running in kernel mode encounter a problem and Windows must stop the system
Blue Screen of Death
A short-range wireless technology used to connect two devices in a small personal network.
Bluetooth
What component on a smart phone requires pairing with another device?
Bluetooth
What two wireless technologies share the same radio frequency range?
Bluetooth 802.11b
A small Windows database structured the same as a registry file and contains configuration information about how Windows is started
Boot Configuration Data (BCD) store
Under the Advanced Options screen, what startup option should be enabled in order to view what did and did not load during the bootup?
Boot Logging
What should be done if a system cannot boot from the hard drive?
Boot from the Windows setup DVD
What is the most likely result of a correctly installed processor, but an incorrectly installed cooler?
Boot process begins, but system suddenly turns off after a short period
Dual Ranked:
DIMMs that are double-sided and provide more than one bank, forcing the memory controller to access one group at a time. These DIMMs do not perform as well as modules with one memory bank.
Double-Sided DIMMs:
DIMMs that have memory chips installed on both sides of the module.
Single-Sided DIMMs:
DIMMs that have memory chips installed on one side of the module.
transmits both digital video and audio, most common type is the Type A 19-pin
DMI connector
Involving both software and hardware, what technology is meant to protect digital content and prevent piracy?
DRM
uses ordinary copper phone lines and a range of frequencies on the copper wire to provide Internet
DSL
DVD-ROM
DVD read-only memory
DVD-RW
DVD rewritable memory
DVD-RW DL
DVD rewritable memory, dual layers. Dual layers almost double the storage capacity of DVD-RW discs to 8.5 GB
Which type of video port provides a digital-only signal?
DVI-D
When using an HDMI to DVI adapter, what two DVI port types will the adapter work with?
DVI-D DVI-I
Which software program(s) is/are an example of password management software? (Choose all that apply.)
Dashlane LastPass KeePass
rearranges files on the drive into contiguous segments
Defragmenting
Latency
Delay in RAM response time
What two laptop manufacturers provide their service manuals online free of charge?
Dell Lenovo
Laptop
Designed for portability and can be just as powerful as a desktop computer. Includes more than half of personal computers purchased today and 30% of personal computers currently in use.
The initial screen that is displayed when an OS has a GUI interface loaded
Desktop
What is not a component of a processor?
Device Drivers
Small programs stored on the hard drive that tell the computer how to communicate with a specific hardware device
Device drivers
What is a device driver and what is the role of motherboard drivers when you update a motherboard or install a new motherboard?
Device drivers are small programs stored on the hard drive and installed in Windows that tell Windows how to communicate with a specific hardware device such as a printer, network port on the motherboard, or scanner. The CD that comes bundled with the motherboard contains a user guide and drivers for its onboard components, and these drivers need to beinstalled in Windows. You can initially install the drivers from CD, and you can also update the drivers by downloading them from the motherboard manufacturer's web site. REF. PAGE: 122
True
Direct current (DC) flows in only one direction. T or F?
Which of the following is a requirement for supporting the Aero user interface?
DirectX 9 or higher
You can use what utility to convert two or more basic disks to dynamic disks?
Disk Management
Using two sticks of RDRAM to increase throughput
Dual channel architecture
For a GPT hard drive, the bootable partition used to boot the OS and contains the boot manager program for the OS
EFI System Parition (ESP)
What acronym is another name for static electricity, which can damage chips and destroy motherboards?
ESD
you clip it to the side of the computer case to dissipate any charge between you and the computer
ESD strap
fan
EVERY power supply has a (f__) inside of its case, which can be mounted on the back or top, to keep the unit cool.
Byte (B)
Eight bits that together represent a single character of data.
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) (aka static electricity)
Electrical charge at rest.
Hardware
Electrical or electro-mechanical parts of a computer and its input, output and storage devices. The physical components of a computer, its input and output devices and storage
Protect against shock/burns (cont'd)
Electrostatic discharge (ESD): electrical charge at rest (when two objects with dissimilar electrical charges touch, electricity passes between them until charges are equal); can destroy or damage component and will permanently affect the device
Firmware (aka BIOS programs)
Embedded programs closely tied to the hardware.
DIMMs used in servers can provide additional reliability if they use what technology?
Error Correction Code also called E C C
POST Error Message
Error shown when the RAM has a bad SPD chip
Parity RAM
Error-detecting RAM
Real and Phantom
Errors that a parity or ECC RAM can send - Real is a real error, Phantom is a system malfunction, possibly due to any number of unrelated factors
What are two valid steps in the six step troubleshooting method discussed in this chapter?
Establish a Theory; Document outcomes
When troubleshooting a device or service that has failed to start, what utility may have information regarding the cause?
Event Viewer
Where can a user find out more information about a hardware or network failure that occurred on that particular PC?
Event Viewer
a Windows tool useful for troubleshooting hardware or network failures, OS error messages, failed services and more.
Event Viewer
A 32-bit driver can be used in a 64-bit operating system.
False
A DVI port transmits a video signal and is also called a DB-15 port
False
A WLAN covers a large geographical area and is made up of many smaller networks.
False
A computer must have a DVD drive in order to install Windows 8.
False
A hard drive can only have one single root directory.
False
A problem with virtual networks is that data transmitting through them cannot be encrypted and therefore is not secure.
False
A service is a program that runs in the foreground and is visible on the taskbar.
False
A setting called airplane mode lowers the output power of the Wi-Fi and Bluetooth antennas allowing these networks to function, but at a reduced range.
False
A system always needs the 4-pin auxiliary power connector, and sometimes needs the P1 connector as well.
False
A tower case conserves space since it can double as a monitor stand
False
After initially installing Windows 7, you need to disable the Guest account so nobody can use it.
False
As you work to solve a Windows problem, always choose the method that makes the most changes to the system as possible in order to rejuvenate the machine.
False
DDR memory is faster than GDDR memory since it is used by the CPU.
False
Hard drives have three connections for cables, one for reading data, one for writing data, and one for power
False
If you make a mistake that makes the problem worse, it's best to hide the problem until you can resolve it or until you have left the customer site.
False
Immediately after you unplug the computer from the power outlet, you're safe to begin working inside the case.
False
LILO is the most commonly installed boot loader by the Linux operating system.
False
On Linux, the root user's home directory is /home/root.
False
On a peer-to-peer network, authentication is the responsibility of the domain.
False
On the IE General tab you can block cookies.
False
Once you feel like you have resolved a problem, politely tell the customer the job is finished, and go on your way.
False
Phone cords are a type of twisted-pair cable and use an RJ-45 connector.
False
Programs on Mac that launch at startup are called login items.
False
The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) guarantees delivery of data to its destination.
False
The Windows 8 interface is known as the Aero interface.
False
The Windows shell is responsible for interacting with hardware.
False
The chkdsk command will not fix anything on the drive unless the drive is unlocked.
False
The official standard for USB interfaces is called IEEE 1394.
False
The price for Windows 7 is the same regardless of the edition and type of license you purchase.
False
There is no option for networking access when using Safe Mode.
False
To use Remote Desktop, the computer you access remotely can be running Windows 8 Home Edition or Windows 8.1 Professional.
False
When a user logs on to a Windows 7 computer using Remote Desktop, users that are logged on locally are unaffected.
False
When disassembling a computer, it's okay to stack circuit boards on top of each other as long as you follow ESD protection rules.
False
When disassembling a computer, it's okay to stack circuit boards on top of each other as long as you follow ESD protection rules.
False REF. PAGE: 46
Immediately after you unplug the computer from the power outlet, you're safe to begin working inside the case.
False REF. PAGE: 47
ReadyBoost
Feature to enable use of USB drives as VirtualMemory PageFiles
What Linux distribution is considered a cutting-edge distribution?
Fedora
System BIOS
Firmware used to manage essentioal devices such as the keyboard, mouse, hard drive, and monitor before the OS is launched.
Startup BIOS
Firmware used to start the computer
False
For additional cooling, it is NOT possible to install a RAM cooler.
microATX (MATX) form factor
Form factor that is a major variation of the ATX and addresses some technologies that have emerged since the original development of ATX.
What connects to the North Bridge?
Front Side Bus REF. PAGE: 90
identifies a computer and the network to which it belongs, such as www.cengage.com
Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)
What should be done after reassembling a laptop, but before installing the battery or AC adapter?
Gently shake the laptop to ensure nothing is loose inside of the case
Law enforcement agencies sometimes use what type of data to reconstruct a person's travels?
Geotracking
What company acquired Android code in 2005 and has a leadership role in its development?
What are the names of the application stores for iOS and Google Android devices respectively?
Google Play App Store
GPU
Graphics processing unit
User accounts that are issued a temporary user profile that is deleted when the user signs out are members of what group?
Guests group
a component of the kernel which makes up the layer closest to the hardware
HAL
controls the drive activity light on the front panel that lights up when any SATA or IDE device is in use
HDD LED
What type of port transmits both digital audio and digital video with a single connector?
HDMI
What registry key stores information that determines which application is opened when a user double-clicks a file?
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
When a user logs into Windows, what registry key is created?
HKEY_CURRENT_USER
What registry key is considered to be the most important key, containing hardware, software, and security data?
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
What dynamic link library handles low-level hardware details?
Hal.dll
allows a task to be started on a device, such as an iPad, and then pick up that task on another device, such as a Mac desktop or laptop
Handoff
What component is most likely to be installed in a PC, a considered primary storage, and typically stores the operating system, as well as its applications?
Hard disk drive
Which statement is NOT true regarding motherboards?
Has a heat sink on the PCIe slots
Multicore Processing:
Having multiple processors installed in the same processor housing.
What status indicators apply only to dynamic disks?
Healthy (At Risk) Foreign drive
Draws heat from the CPU and pipes it to a fan, which then blows heat out of the case.
Heat sink
Register
High-speed storage area used to temporarily hold small units of program instructions and data immediately before, during, and after execution by the CPU.
SD 2.x
Holds 2 GB to 32 GB; SDHC card, MiniSDHC, MicroSDHC
SD 3.x
Holds 32 GB to 2 TB; SDXC card, MicroSDXC card
Primary Storage (Main Memory; Memory)
Holds program instructions and data, is closely associated with the CPU.
SD 1.x
Holds up to 2 GB; Example: SD card, MiniSD card, MicroSD card
When all users on a network require the same access to all resources, what type of network model should you use?
Homegroup
False
House current in the US is 220 V, but in many other countries is about 110-120 V. T or F?
Alternating current (AC) and: 60 times (60 hertz)
House current in the United States is of the __________ type and oscillates ____ times per second.
What helps with ESD?
Humidity over 60% Grounding equipment Self-grounding
a technology that allows a processor to handle more than one group of instructions?
Hyper- threading
What identifies a SIM card if the card is used?
ICCID
What two protocols are used to deliver mail messages?
IMAP4 POP3
What unique number is used to identify each mobile phone or tablet device worldwide?
IMEI
A
If you have trouble removing an expansion card, you can very slightly rock the card from: A) end to end; or B) side to side.
True
If you lift a component off of a ground mat, it is no longer grounded and is susceptible to electrostatic discharge. T or F?
cable connections
If you plan to remove several components, draw a diagram or take a picture of all (c_______) (c____________) to the motherboard, expansion cards, and drives.
In Windows 7, what startup option can be used to restore the registry settings from the previous login?
Last Known Good Configuration
Registry settings and device drivers that were in effect when the computer was last logged into successfully
Last Known Good Configuration
True
Leave components inside their protective bags until you are ready to use them. T or F?
Which type of processor memory is located on the processor chip or processor die?
Level 1 cache
Desktop Case
Lies flat and sometimes serves double-duty as a monitor stand.
a protocol used by various client applications when the application needs to query a database
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
data bus
Lines of the bus, a system of pathway used for communication on the motherboard, used for data.
What technology can be used to locate a device such as a laptop after it has been stolen?
LoJack
Most new (2015/2016) Android devices are shipping with what versions of Android?
Lollipop KitKat
What type of backlighting is also called fluorescent backlighting, and was first used in laptop monitors?
CCFL
CD-RW
CD rewritable memory
What cell phone technology is the most popular in the United States?
CDMA
What is the purpose of the CMOS RAM on a motherboard?
CMOS RAM (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) is a small amount of memory stored on the motherboard used to hold motherboard settings. This CMOS RAM retains the data even when the computer is turned off because it is charged by a nearby battery. A program in BIOS, called BIOS setup or CMOS setup, can easily make changes to the settings stored in CMOS RAM. REF. PAGE: 106
What term describes a component that provides a small trickle of electricity that enables CMOS RAM to hold configuration data?
CMOS battery REF. PAGE: 125
The two services that Windows must provide for an ExpressCard are:
Card service and socket service
Motherboard size depends on ...
Case
Essential for a computer build
Case Power supply Motherboard CPU Memory Video card Storage Optical Drive
If you're looking to install Gigabit Ethernet, what cabling system would you use?
Cat-6
Which Intel processor technology interconnects the processor and chip-set and wireless network adapter as a unit, improving laptop performance?
Centrino
Serial Presence Detect (Chip)
Chip mounted on the RAM, automatically read by MCC, to tell computer that RAM is installed successfully
In order to ensure drive health, what command should you use to search for and repair file system errors?
Chkdsk
searches for bad sectors on a volume and recovers the data from them if possible
Chkdsk utility
Class B fire extinguisher
Class of fire extinguisher that can put out fires caused by liquids such as gasoline, kerosene, and oil.
Class A fire extinguisher
Class of fire extinguisher that can use water to put out fires caused by wood, paper and other combustibles.
Class C fire extinguisher
Class of fire extinguisher that uses nonconductive chemicals to put out fire caused by electricity.
What should you do to dissipate any charge between you and the computer?
Clip your ground bracelet to the side of the computer case. REF. PAGE: 51
PC66, PC75, PC83, PC100, PC133 (hz)
Clock speeds commonly used by SDRAM
A+ 220-802
CompTIA exam primarily about software and also includes troubleshooting both software and hardware.
A+ 220-801
CompTIA exam that is primarily about hardware.
a tool that can be used to register components
Component Services
Creates a folder with a .zip extension
Compressed folder
Software
Comprises all the programs that are written to make computers function. Software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks
Hotspot
Creating a Wi-Fi network with a mobile device's cellular network to allow other devices access the internet.
Smart Card
Credit card embedded with computer chip containing key consumer and account data; cardholders must either enter their pin (chip-and-PIN) or sign (chip-and-sign) for each transaction to be approved.
What keystroke should you press to get a logon window if you don't use the welcome screen?
Ctrl+Alt+Delete
If you enter a command and want to terminate its execution before it is finished, what key press should you use?
Ctrl+C (Or Ctrl+Break or Ctrl+Pause)
Lithium Ion (Li-Ion)
Currently the most popular battery type for laptop computers that is more efficient than earlier types
DDR3L (DDR3U)
Low voltage alternatives for DDr3 ram
What network type covers a large campus or city?
MAN
What two methods are available for Windows to use to partition a drive?
MBR GPT
You can quickly identify a problem with memory or eliminate memory as the source of a problem by using what tool?
Memory Diagnostics
CMOS RAM
Memory contained on the CMOS configuration chip.
Level 3 Cache (L3 cache):
Memory further from the processor core but still withing the processor package. (Only in some processors)
Level 2 Cache (L2 cache):
Memory in the processor package, but not on the processor die.
Level 1 Cache (L1 cache):
Memory on the processor die.
Static RAM (SRAM):
Memory used in the memory cache. (Typically read only memory)
Dynamic RAM (DRAM):
Memory used on the motherboard that loses data rapidly and must be refreshed often. (Volatile memory)
Windows 10 features what new web browser, which is designed to replace Internet Explorer?
Microsoft Edge
Using what utility allows you to build your own customized console windows?
Microsoft Management Console
What error messages indicate that the MBR sector is damaged, or the active partition is corrupt or missing? (Choose all that apply.)
Missing operating system Invalid partition table Error loading operating system
Swiping up with three fingers on Mac OS X launches what?
Mission Control
What connector has 4 pins, is used for older IDE drives and some SATA drives, and can provide +5 V and +12 V power outputs?
Molex connector
case fan
Most cases have one or more positions to hold a (c____) (f__) to help draw air out of the case.
What is the purpose of the motherboard supervisor password and how can it be cleared if it is forgotten?
Most motherboards today allow you to set a supervisor password (to make changes in setup BIOS) or a power-on password (to get access to the system). Know that these passwords are not the same password that can be required by a Windows OS at startup. If both passwords are forgotten, you cannot use the computer. However, jumpers can be set to clear both passwords. REF. PAGE: 108
Dual-voltage selector switch
Most power supplies have this on the back of the computer case where you can switch the input voltage to the power supply to 115 V in the United States or 220 V used in other countries.
a volume that can be accessed by way of a folder on another volume so that the folder has more available space
Mounted drive
What is the general name of the processor feature that AMD calls Hyper Transport?
Multi Threading
What is not a feature of a Processor?
Multi core Processing
What is the ability of a processor to execute 2 instructions at the same time.
Multi processing
What general-purpose tool can measure characteristics of electricity in a variety of devices?
Multi-meter
the factor used to determine clock speed between the processor and FSB?
Multiplier
What file systems supported by Windows can be used for volumes and drives that don't hold the Windows installation?
NTFS FAT32 exFAT
What type of permission should you set to control access to files and folders by local and network users?
NTFS on NTFS volumes only
a method to control access to a folder or file and can apply to local users and network users
NTFS permissions
Found on the left side of the Windows Explorer or Computer window
Navigation pane
a technique designed to conserve the number of public IP addresses needed by a network
Network Address Translation (NAT)
A utility that can be used to solve a failed network connection
Network and Sharing center
True
Never connect a PC to an outlet or use an extension cord that doesn't have a third ground plug. T or F?
Monitors and power supplies
Never remove the cover or put your hands inside these two types of equipment UNLESS you know about the hazards of charged capacitors and have been trained to deal with them.
Static shielding [bags] (aka antistatic bags)
New components come shipped in _________ bags.
Magnetic Hard Drive
One of two technologies used by hard drives where data is stored as magnetic spots on disks that rotate at a high speed
magnetic hard drive
One of two technologies used by hard drives where data is stored as magnetic spots on disks that rotate at a high speed.
virtual machine
One or more logical machines created within one physical machine.
gigahertz
One thousand MHz, or one billion cycles per second.
Proprietary Software
One-of-a-kind software designed for a specific application and owned by the company, organization, or person that uses it.
A Microsoft online storage service
OneDrive
What two applications are an example of a mail server and a mail client application, respectively?
Outlook Exchange
A system will always require what power connector?
P1 power connector
PCIe
PCI Express
Describe the PCI Express bus and contrast it with previous versions of the PCI bus.
PCI Express (PCIe) uses an altogether different architectural design than conventional PCI and PCI-X; PCIe is not backward compatible with either. PCI Express will ultimately replace both these buses as well as the AGP bus, although it is expected PCI Express will coexist with conventional PCI for some time to come. Whereas PCI uses a 32-bit or 64-bit parallel bus, PCI Express uses a serial bus, which is faster than a parallel bus because it transmits data in packets similar to how an Ethernet network, USB, and FireWire transmit data. A PCIe expansion slot can provide one or more of these serial lanes. Another difference in PCI Express is how it connects to the processor. One or more PCI Express slots used for video cards have a direct link to the North Bridge or to the processor (using Sandy Bridge or Ivy Bridge architecture). PCI Express currently comes in four different slot sizes called PCI Express ×1, ×4, ×8, and ×16. REF. PAGE: 99-100
A slot used for expansion cards or video cards on a motherboard.
PCIe
Video Cards plug into ...
PCIe (PCI Express) slots
What protocol must be supported by routers in order to utilize Remote Assistance Easy Connect?
PNRP
A series of tests performed by the startup UEFI/BIOS when you first turn on a computer.
POST
A self-diagnostic program used to perform a simple test of the CPU, RAM, and various I/O devices
POST (power-on self test)
What tool can help discover and report computer errors and conflicts that occur when you first turn on a computer and before the operating system is launched?
POST card
What is the component that usually has a dual-voltage selector switch and has cables that connect to the motherboard and drives called?
PSU
an error checking technology used by Simms?
Parity
Utility Programs
Perform a very specific task related to working with computers
Utility Programs (SS)
Perform a very specific task related to working with computers an example of a utility program would be a file compressor (zip files)
What Windows utility is particularly useful in identifying software and hardware bottlenecks, and provides the ability to monitor in real time?
Performance Monitor
What utilities can be accessed using the Computer Management window?
Performance Monitor Event Viewer
Hard drive (aka hard disk drive, HDD)
Permanent storage used to hold data and programs.
The family of AMD processors has processors that run up to 3.2 giga hertz and have up to 6 cores and use the AM3 socket, what AMD processor family is this?
Phenom
controls power to the motherboard, must be connected to power the PC up.
Power SW
a group that exists on Windows 8/7/Vista for backwards compatibility purposes with Windows XP
Power Users
False
Power supplies and CRT monitors do NOT contain capacitors. T or F?
What should you do after you unplug the computer to be sure the power supply is completely drained?
Press and hold down the power button for a moment. REF. PAGE: 47
If the PC-Doctor software is installed on a computer's hard drive, what two different ways can the program be started?
Press function key during startup sequence Start menu shortcut
What Task Manager tab shows running processes organized by Apps, Background processes, and Windows processes?
Processes
Which of the following tabs can be found in the Windows Task Manager dialog box in Windows 8? (Choose all that apply).
Processes Performance Startup
Utility Program
Program that helps to perform maintenance or correct problems with a computer system.
Program translators (SS)
Programming language translators fall into 3 categories. All of them translate code written by a programmer into machine code which can be run by the computer.
Program Translators
Programming language translators fall into 3 categories. All of them translate code written by a programmer into machine code which can be run by the computer. E.G. Compilers Interpreters Assemblers
Disk Thrashing
Programs being moved between RAM and PageFile (Virtual memory) very frequently - also indicates a need for increased RAM for the system
Docking Port
Provided on the bottom or side of some Notebooks and Laptops to connect a Docking Station.
Docking Station
Provides Ports to allow a device to easily connect to a full-sized monitor, keyboard, AC power adapter, and other peripheral devices.
A Rambus memory module?
R D Ram
CL6
RAM delays 6 clock cycles before delivering requested data
DDR3
RAM that is eight times that of the core RAM clock speed
the number of clock cycles it takes to write or read a row of data?
RAS Latency
What two different types of coaxial cable have been used for cable TV?
RG-6 RG-59
Which memory technology that is no longer used has a 32 bit data bus and 232 pins and requires a placeholder in empty slots?
RIMM
What does a 1000BaseT NIC use to connect to a network cable?
RJ-45 port
Flash ROM
ROM chips that can be overwritten
Protecting against ESD (cont'd)
RULES: ground yourself and touch somebody living ([as opposed to a dead person] other than yourself, also I think metal surfaces work) before passing a circuit board; leave components inside antistatic bags until ready for use; work on hard floors instead of carpet; don't work on computers in cold, dry atmosphere (which is the opposite of what I'd think it'd be but whatever that's what the notes say); remove packing tape and cellophane from work area as they attract static; keep components away from hair and clothes
Regular optical formats vs burned optical media
Raised bumps read with a laser beam Darkened photosensitive dye read with laser beam
What NTFS permissions should you assign if the user should be able to create folders and files and open files to read data, but not delete files? (Choose all that apply.)
Read Write
a database designed with a treelike structure that contains configuration information for Windows, users, software applications, and installed hardware devices
Registry
If you need to see information about problems and errors that have happened over time, what utility should you use?
Reliability Monitor
gives a user access to a Windows desktop from anywhere on the Internet
Remote Desktop Connection
jewelry
Remove loose (j_______) that might get caught in cables and components as you work.
QuickPath Interconnect
The technology used first by the Intel X58 chipset for communication between the chipset and the processor using 16 serial lanes similar to that used by PCI Express. Replaced the 64-bit wide Front Side Bus used by previous chipsets.
complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
The technology used to manufacture microchips. These chips require less electricity, hold data longer after the electricity is turned off, and produce less heat than earlier technologies. The configuration or setup chip.
Striped Volume
The term used by Windows for RAID 0. A type of dynamic volume used by two or more hard drives that writes to the disks evenly rather than filling up allotted space on one and then moving on to the next
striped volume
The term used by Windows for RAID 0. A type of dynamic volume used for two or more hard drives that writes to the disks evenly rather than filling up allotted space on one and then moving on to the next.
RAID-5 Volume
The term used by Windows for RAID-5
Mirrored Volume
The term used by Windows for the RAID 1 level that duplicated data on one drive to another drive and is used for fault tolerance
mirrored volume
The term used by Windows for the RAID 1 level that duplicates data on one drive to another drive and is used for fault tolerance.
NAND (Not + And gate) Flash Memory
The type of memory used in solid-state drives
NAND flash memory
The type of memory used in solid-state drives (SSD). NAND stands for "Not AND" and refers to the logic used when storing a 1 or 0 in the grid of rows and columns on the memory chips.
Grid Computing
The use of a collection of computers, often owned by multiple individuals or organizations, to work in a coordinated manner to solve a common problem.
Antistatic gloves (aka ESD gloves)
These gloves are designed to prevent an ESD discharge between you and a device as you pick up or handle it.
What are the many fine lines on the top and bottom of a motherboard's surface? What is the purpose of these lines?
These lines, sometimes called traces, are circuits or paths that enable data, instructions, and power to move from component to component on the board. This system of pathways used for communication and the protocol and methods used for transmission are collectively called the bus. The parts of the bus that we are most familiar with are the lines of the bus that are used for data; these lines are called the data bus. A bus can also carry electrical power (to power components on the motherboard), control signals (to coordinate activity), and memory addresses (for one program to tell another program where to find data or instructions). REF. PAGE: 94
When removing screws while working on a laptop, what should be done with the screws?
They should be stored or labeled
Surge suppressor
This can be used to protect a computer and its components against power surges.
POST diagnostic card (aka motherboard test card, POST card)
This card can be of help to discover and report computer errors and conflicts that occur when you first turn on a computer and before the operating system is launched.
20-pin P1 connect
This connector is the main motherboard power connector used in the early ATX systems.
24-pin P1 connector, aka 20+4 pin connector
This connector is the main motherboard power connector used today.
8-pin auxiliary motherboard connector
This connector is used for extra 12-V power to the processor, providing more power than the older 4-pin auxiliary connector.
4-pin auxiliary motherboard connector
This connector is used for extra 12-V power to the processor.
6-pin PCIe connector
This connector provides an extra +12 V for high-end video cards using PCI Express, Version 1 standard.
The computer case (aka the chassis)
This houses the power supply, motherboard, processor, memory modules, expansion cards, hard drive, optical drive, and other drives.
What is the design of the Accelerated Hub Architecture?
This hub has a fast and slow end, and each end is a separate chip on the motherboard. The fast end of the hub, called the North Bridge, contains the graphics and memory controller, and connects directly to the processor by way of a 64-bit bus, called the Front Side Bus (FSB), system bus, or host bus. The slower end of the hub, called the South Bridge, contains the I/O controller hub (ICH). All I/O (input/output) devices, except video, connect to the hub by using the slower South Bridge. REF. PAGE: 90
XXXX:XXXXXXXX in hexadecimal
This indicates a specific position/line in Memory
Heat sink
This internal component consists of metal fins that draw heat away from a component.
Central Processing Unit (CPU) (aka processor or microprocessor)
This internal component does most of the processing of data and instructions for the entire system; because it generates heat, a fan and heat sink might be installed on top to keep it cool.
Power supply (aka power supply unit, PSU)
This internal component is a box installed in a corner of the computer cases that receives and converts the house current so that the components inside the case can use it.
Expansion card (aka adapter card)
This internal component is a circuit board that provides more ports than those provided by the motherboard.
Memory slots (aka DIMM,dual inline memory module, slots)
This internal component is designed to hold memory modules on the motherboard.
RAM (Random Access Memory) (aka memory)
This internal component is temporary storage for data and instructions as they are being processed by the CPU.
The Motherboard (aka main board, system board, mobo)
This internal component is the largest and most important circuit board in the computer; contains a socket to hold the processor or CPU.
S/PDIF sound port (Sony-Philips Digital Interface)
This port connects to an external home theater audio system, providing digital audio output and the best signal quality.
S-Video port
This port is a 4-pin or 7-pin round video port sometimes used to connect a television.
Serial port (aka DB9 port)
This port is a 9-pin male port used on older computers. It has been mostly replaced by USB ports.
USB port (Universal Serial Bus)
This port is a multi-purpose I/O port used by many different devices, including printers, mice, keyboards, scanners, external hard drives, and flash drives.
PS/2 port (aka min-DIN port)
This port is a round 6-pin port used for a keyboard or mouse. The ports look alike but are not interchangeable.
Network port (aka Ethernet port, or an RJ-45 port)
This port is used by a PC to connect to a wired network.
An external SATA (eSata) port
This port is used by an external hard drive using the external SATA (eSata) interface.
FireWire port (aka IEEE1394 port)
This port is used for high-speed multimedia devices such as digital camcorders.
DVI port (Digital Video Interface)
This port transmits digital or analog video; three types of this port exist.
HDMI port (High-Definition Multimedia Interface)
This port transmits digital video and audio (not analog transmission) and is often used to connect to home theater equipment.
Thunderbolt port
This port transmits digital video and audio (not analog transmission) and is slowly replacing VGA and DVI ports on personal computers.
- Make notes as you work so that you can backtrack later if necessary. - Remove loose jewelry that might get caught in cables and components as you work. - To stay organized and not lose small parts, keep screws and spacers orderly and in one place, such as a cup or tray. -Don't stack boards on top of each other. - When handling motherboards, cards, or drives, don't touch the chips on the device. -Hold expansion cards by the edges. -To protect a microchip, don't touch it with a magnetized screwdriver. -Never ever touch the inside of a computer that is turned on. -Never remove the cover or put your hands inside a monitor or power supply. -As you work, remember to watch out for sharp edges on computer cases that can cut you.
Tips you should keep in mind before beginning work inside a computer case REF. PAGE: 46
4-pin fan header
To get its power, the fan power cord connects to a (_-p___) (f___) (h_______) on the motherboard.
triangle
To help orient the connector on the motherboard pins, look for a small (t___________) embedded on the connector that marks one of the outside wires as pin 1.
elevated
To keep the motherboard from touching the case, screw holes are [elevated, or: depressed]?
Why must you have an optical drive?
To load the operating system
fan header
To power the case fan, connect the power cord from the fan to the pins on the motherboard labeled (f_____) (h_______).
True
To protect yourself against electrical shock, when working with any electrical device, disconnect the power from the AC outlet. T or F?
cup or tray
To stay organized and not lose small parts, keep screws and spacers orderly and in one place, such as in a (c___) or a (t_____).
If a ground strap is unavailable, what should be done to dissipate any ESD before working on a laptop?
Touch a non-painted metallic surface on the laptop
DisplayPort
Transmits digital video and audio and is slowly replacing VGA and DVI ports on personal computers.
Thunderbolt Port
Transmits video, data, and power on the same port and cable and is popular with apple computers. Up to 6 peripherals can use this same port.
A type of malware that tricks you into opening it by substituting itself for a legitimate program
Trojan
A KVM switch allows you to use one monitor, mouse, and keyboard for multiple computers.
True
A Windows 7 system repair disc can be created using the Backup and Restore utility.
True
A hard boot takes more time than a soft boot.
True
A punchdown tool is used to wire twisted-pair cabling to a keystone jack.
True
A root certificate is the original certificate issued by the CA.
True
Errors with memory are often difficult to diagnose because they can appear intermittently and might be mistaken as other types of errors.
True
The Advanced Boot Options menu appears when a user presses F8 as Windows is loading.
True
The GUID Partition Table (GPT) method for partitioning a drive allows up to 128 partitions.
True
The Home editions of Windows 7 do not include the Local Security Policy or Print Management.
True
The OEM version of Windows 7 can only be installed on a new PC for resale.
True
The act of jailbreaking a phone was once illegal, but was made legal by the U.S. Copyright Office and the Library of Congress.
True
The iOS operating system utilizes a closed-source, or vendor specific / commercial license.
True
The motherboard sits on elevated screw holes or spacers to keep it from touching the case.
True
There is no undo feature in the Registry Editor.
True
Using Group Policy, you can set security policies to help secure a workstation.
True
Using Windows 7 Backup and Restore, you can back up the volume on which Windows is installed.
True
When a partition is formatted with a file system and assigned a drive letter it is called a volume.
True
Windows Task Scheduler can be set to launch a task or program at a future time, including at startup.
True
Windows needs free space on the hard drive for normal operation, for defragmenting the drive, for burning CDs and DVDs, and for a variety of other tasks, so it's important to delete unneeded files occasionally.
True
The motherboard sits on elevated screw holes or spacers to keep it from touching the case.
True REF. PAGE: 56
True
True or False: A 3-hole fan connector can fit onto a 4-pin header.
True
True or False: A cooler is made of aluminum, copper, or a combination of both.
True
True or False: A fan might be powered by a SATA power connector or a 4-pin Molex power connector.
True
True or False: A motherboard is installed so that the bottom of the board does NOT touch the case.
True
True or False: A motherboard might have a 6-pin or 8-pin PCIe connector.
True
True or False: A power supply rated with Active PFC runs more efficiently and uses less electricity than other power supplies.
True
True or False: A removable bay is removed FIRST and then the drives are removed from the bay SECOND.
True
True or False: After removing the screws on each side of a drive attaching it to the drive bay, slide the drive to the front or rear and then out of the case.
True
True or False: After you open a computer case, the main components you see inside are the power supply, motherboard and drives installed in the drive bays.
False
True or False: After you unplug the computer, it is safe to work inside the computer case WITHOUT pressing the power button for about 3 seconds.
False
True or False: Because your case and your motherboard might NOT have been made by the same manufacturer, you do NOT need to pay close attention to the source of the wires and where they connect to the motherboard.
True
True or False: Copper is MORE expensive, but does a BETTER job of conducting heat.
False
True or False: Do NOT have a plastic bag or cup handy to hold screws, when disassembling a PC.
False
True or False: Do NOT hold the retention card back as you remove a video card from its expansion slot.
True
True or False: Fingerprints on edge connectors can later cause corrosion.
True
True or False: Good processor coolers maintain a temperature of 90-110°F (32-43°C).
True
True or False: If a motherboard does NOT have a 6-pin or 8-pin PCIe connector, you CAN use an adapter to convert two Molex connectors to a PCIe connector.
True
True or False: If the PC is not working AFTER reassembly, most likely the problem is a loose connection.
False
True or False: If the drive is anchored to the bay with screws or latches, it is NOT necessary to carefully align the front of the drive flush with the front of the case before installing screws or pushing in the latches.
True
True or False: If the fine traces or lines on the bottom of the motherboard were to touch the case, a short would result when the system is running?
True
True or False: If the labels on the motherboard are NOT clear, turn to the motherboard user guide for help.
True
True or False: If you use a fan power cord with 3 pins, the fan will ALWAYS operate at the SAME fan speed.
True
True or False: Install components in the case in this order: power supply, drives, motherboard, and cards.
True
True or False: Intel recommends using a liquid cooling system with its processors that use the LGA2011 socket on a motherboard.
False
True or False: It is OK to stack boards on top of each other: this won't accidentally dislodge a chip.
True
True or False: MORE expensive power supplies are quieter, last longer, AND put off less heat.
True
True or False: Many newer cases require you to start by laying the case on its side and removing the faceplate on the front of the case first.
True
True or False: Most cases have panels on each side of the case that can be removed.
True
True or False: Newer cases require you to remove the front panel before removing the side panel of a computer case.
True
True or False: POSITIVE wires connecting the front panel to the motherboard are usually SOLID COLOR, and NEGATIVE wires are usually WHITE or STRIPED.
True
True or False: Pressing the power button for about 3 seconds after you unplug the computer WILL drain the power supply of residual power.
False
True or False: Processors and video cards are NOT the highest heat producers in a computer system.
True
True or False: Reasons you may have to purchase a power supply are: when building a new system; an existing power supply fails or is not adequate.
False
True or False: Ridding a PC of dust is NOT necessary or important and does NOT have to be done on a regular basis.
True
True or False: Some case fans use a 4-pin Molex connector that connects to a power cable coming directly from the power supply.
True
True or False: Some cases have a removable bay for small drives.
True
True or False: Some computer cases require you to remove a side panel first, and really older cases require you to first remove the entire sides and top as a single unit.
False
True or False: Some motherboards designed to support multiple PCIe video cards will NOT have additional power connectors on the board to power these wattage-hungry cards.
True
True or False: Some video cards use a latch that helps hold the card securely in the slot.
True
True or False: Sometimes, there is a catch underneath the drive that you must lift up as you slide the drive forward.
True
True or False: The A+ 220-801 exam expects you to know how to select and install a power supply.
False
True or False: The brand and model number of the board is NOT imprinted somewhere on the motherboard.
True
True or False: The front panel wires are for the switches, lights, and ports on the front of the computer.
True
True or False: The motherboard BIOS records the temperatures of the processor and the inside of the case AND you can read this information on the BIOS setup screens.
False
True or False: The processor, expansion cards, and other components do NOT produce heat.
True
True or False: To prevent overheating, you can also install additional case fans.
True
True or False: To protect a microchip, do NOT touch it with a magnetized screw driver.
True
True or False: To reassemble a computer, reverse the process of disassembling.
True
True or False: To remove the motherboard (mobo), FIRST do the following: Unplug the power supply lines and also any audio wires from the optical drive(s) to the mobo.
True
True or False: To remove the power supply (PS) from the case, remove the screws that attach the PS to the computer case and, if applicable, detach the PS from the recessed slots on the underside.
False
True or False: Video cards NEVER come with fans attached and can NOT also have heat sinks installed.
False
True or False: When handling motherboards, cards, or drives, it is OK to touch the chips on the device.
False
True or False: When installing a motherboard (mobo), it is NOT necessary to use as many screws as there are holes in the mobo.
True
True or False: When installing a motherboard, make sure the ports stick out of the I/O shield at the rear of the case and the screw holes line up on the bottom of the case.
True
True or False: When installing drives, for some systems, it is easier to connect the data cables to the drives FIRST, and then slide them into the bay.
True
True or False: When reassembling a PC, other power connectors WILL need to be connected to the power supply.
False
True or False: When removing drives from a computer, it is NOT necessary to handle the drives with care.
True
True or False: When removing the motherboard (mobo): THIRDLY, after unplugging PATA, SATA, and floppy drive cables from the mobo, disconnect wires leading from the front of the computer case to the mobo.
True
True or False: When selecting a power supply, keep in mind that video cards draw the MOST power.
True
True or False: When selecting a power supply, pay particular attention to the capacity for the 12+ V rail, especially in high-end gaming systems.
False
True or False: When you first begin to work inside a computer case, it is NOT necessary to practice good organization?
True
True or False: When you reassemble a PC, you WILL need to insert the SAME screws into the SAME holes.
True
True or False: When you remove a circuit board or drive from a computer, carefully lay it on an antistatic mat or IN an antistatic bag in a place where it will not get bumped.
True
True or False: When you're replacing a motherboard (mobo) in a case that is not the same size as the original mobo, you CAN use needle-nose pliers to unplug a standoff or spacer so you can move it to a new hole.
True
True or False: You can use an adapter to convert a SATA or Molex connector.
True
True or False: if you start with a working computer, make sure important data is first backed up?
False
True or False: it is OK to touch the inside of a computer that is turned on.
True
True or False: it is OK to touch the inside of a computer when you're using a Multimeter to measure voltage output.
False
True or False: it is usually NOT necessary to ONLY remove one panel to expose the top of the motherboard.
True
True or False: the first two steps (of 4) to remove an expansion card is: 1) Remove any wire or cable connected to the card; 2) Remove the screw holding the card to the case.
True
True or False: the power supplies and monitors enough power to KILL you, EVEN when they are unplugged.
True
True or False: when opening a case, it is usually best to lay the case down on its side so that the ports and motherboard are sitting on the bottom?
True
True or False:The trend is to use FEWER and LARGER case fans; generally LARGE fans tend to perform BETTER and run QUIETER than small fans.
Loopback plug
Used to test a port in a computer or other device to make sure the port is working and might also test the throughput or speed of the port.
What dialog box in Windows appears each time a user attempts to perform an action that can be done only with administrative privileges?
User Account Control
What are two resources that may be useful in disassembling a laptop computer?
User manual Service manual
x64 (IA64)
Require 64-bit OS and can handle 32-bit applications only by simulating 32-bit processes.
DDR3 ram
Uses 240 Pins DIMM or 204 Pins SO-DIMM
switch used to reboot a computer
Reset SW
Operating System (SS)
Resource management - manages all the computer hardware including the CPU, memory disk drives and other peripheral devices. User Interface (UI) - to enable users to perform tasks such as running application software, changing settings on your computer, downloading and installing new software
RAID 0
Using space from two or more physical disks to increase the disk space available for a single volume. Performance improves because data is written evenly across all disks. Windows calls RAID 0 a striped volume. Primary benefit is speed. Using space from two or more physical disks to increase the disk space available for a single volume.
Triple or quadruple channel
Using three or four sticks of RAM
What is TRUE about DIMM technologies?
S D RAM runs synchronized with the system clock
What is the more secure alternative to the SMTP mail protocol?
S/MIME
What audio port connects to an external home theater audio system, providing digital audio output?
S/PDIF
What type of connector is not typically found on the front panel header?
SATA controller
What DSL technology provides equal bandwidth in both directions?
SDSL
NVIDIA's method of connecting multiple video cards in the same system is called __________.
SLI REF. PAGE: 93
Outgoing mail is normally sent using what mail delivery protocol?
SMTP
A smaller type of memory slot typically used for laptops.
SO-DIMM
What technology in a DIMM informs the BIOS of the module's size and speed and voltage and data path width?
SPD
What functions as the name of a wireless network?
SSID
uses a covering or shield around wire pairs
STP
Within the Properties box of a service in the Services console, what is NOT a valid startup type for a service?
Scheduled
Describe the LGA2011 processor socket, the CPUs it supports, targeted applications, and any special considerations for its implementation.
Second Generation (SandyBridge) Core i7 Extreme,Core i7, Core i5, Core i3,Pentium, and Celeron. 2011 pins in the socket touch 2011 lands on the processor, which uses a flip-chip land grid array (FCLGA). REF. PAGE: 85
What component of UEFI helps to prevent malware from hijacking a system during or before the operating system load?
Secure Boot
commonly used by Linux to pass sign-in information to a remote computer and control that computer over a network
Secure Shell (SSH)
One reason why dual channel RAM wouldn't work
The Motherboard needs RAM to be in specific slots for dual-channel RAM to work properly
Format; Formatting
The Windows command to prepare a hard drive volume, logical drive, or USB flash drive for use by placing tracks and sectors on its surface to store information . This process erases all data on the device
format
The Windows command to prepare a hard drive volume, logical drive, or USB flash drive for use by placing tracks and sectors on its surface to store information, (for example, format d:). This process erases all data on the device.
hot-swapping
The ability to plug or unplug devices without first powering down the system. USB devices are hot-swappable.
source, destination
The best way to know the purpose of a cable is to follow the cable from its (s_______) to its (d__________).
system bus
The bus between the CPU and memory on the motherboard. The bus frequency in documentation is called the system speed, such as 400 MHz. Also called the memory bus, FrontSide Bus, local bus, or host bus.
1 Short Beep or No Beeps
The computer passed all POST tests
Describe the processor cooler and its components.
The cooler sits on top of the processor and consists of a fan and a heat sink. A heat sink uses fins that draw heat away from the processor. The fan can then blow the heat away. REF. PAGE: 67
fault tolerance
The degree to which a system can tolerate failures. Adding redundant components, such as disk mirroring or disk duplexing, is a way to build in fault tolerance.
Fault Tolerance
The degree to which a system can tolerate system failures. Adding redundant components, such as disk mirroring or disk duplexing, is a way to build in this
What does the presence of the Cydia app on an iOS device indicate?
The device has been jailbroken
User Interface
The element of the operating system that allows people to access and command the computer system.
Multiplier:
The factor in comparing the processor frequency vs. the Front Side Bus frequency (Which is generally 4 times faster.
PCI Express
The latest evolution of PCI, which is not backward-compatible with earlier PCI slots and cards. PCIe slots come in several sizes, including PCIe x1, PCIe x4, PCIe x8, and PCIe x16.
Driver Store
The location where Windows stores a copy of the driver software when first installing a device
hard drive
The main secondary storage device of a computer. Two technologies are currently used by hard drives: magnetic and solid state. AKA hard disk drive (HDD).
Hard Disk Drive (HDD); Hard Drive
The main secondary storage device of a computer. Two technologies are currently used: magnetic and solid state. 2.5" for laptops and 3.5" for desktops
PC rating:
The measure of the total bandwidth in MB/s of data moving between the memory module and the CPU. It is calculated by multiplying the DDR DIMM's speed by 8 bytes because of its 8-byte data path.
Memory Bank:
The memory a processor addresses at one time and is 64 bits wide for the DIMMs 64-bit data path.
Supercomputer
The most powerful computer system with the fastest processing speed.
True
The motherboard BIOS serves these 3 purposes: system BIOS, startup BIOS, and BIOS setup. T or F?
data path size
The number of lines on a bus that can hold data, for example, 8, 16, 32, and 64 lines, which can accommodate 8, 16, 32, and 64 bits at a time.
File System
The overall structure that an OS uses to name, store, and organize files on a disk
file system
The overall structure that an OS uses to name, store, and organize files on a disk. Examples of file systems are NTFS and FAT32. Windows is always installed on a volume that uses the NTFS file system.
Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU)
The part of the CPU that performs mathematical calculations and makes logical comparisons.
Control Unit
The part of the CPU that sequentially accesses program instructions, decodes them, and coordinates the flow of data in and out of the ALU, the registers, the primary storage, and even secondary storage and various output devices.
Central Processing Unit (CPI)
The part of the computer that consists of three associated elements: the arithmetic/logic unit, the control unit, and the register areas.
Page File or Swap File
The part of the hard drive set aside for Virtual Memory purposes
bus
The paths, or lines, on the motherboard on which data, instructions, and electrical power move from component to component.
Hardware
The physical components of a computer; input and output devices and storage.
False
The power supply and monitor are NOT considered to be field replaceable units (FRUs) and can be repaired by a PC support technician. T or F?
Virtual Memory
The process of moving a program to a temporary space on the Hard Drive when the RAM is overloaded
Software
The programs and other operating information used by a computer for different functions.
Parallel Computing
The simultaneous execution of the same task on multiple processors to obtain results faster.
Multiprocessing
The simultaneous execution of two or more instructions at the same time.
Processor Frequency:
The speed at which the processor operates internally and is measured in GHz.
Form factors
The standards that describe the size, shape, screw hole positions, and major features of a PC's interconnected components are called this.
Form Factors
The standards that describe the size, shape, screw hole positions, and major features of interconnected components
Describe the function of the system clock.
The system clock or system timer,is dedicated to timing the activities on the motherboard much like a metronome helps a musician with timing. The chipset sends out a continuous pulsating electrical signal on one line of the system bus. This one system clock line, dedicated to carrying the pulse, is read by other components on the motherboard (including the processor, bus slots, memory slots, and so forth) and ensures that all activities are synchronized. REF. PAGE: 96
Static Ram (SRAM)
Very fast, but quite large RAM, used as processor caches (e.g., L1, L2, L3)
What are two major points you should keep in mind when selecting the correct wattage capacity for a power supply?
Video cards draw the most power. Video cards draw the most power in a system, and they draw from the +12 V output. If your system has a video card, pay particular attention to the +12 V rating. The trend nowadays is for the motherboard to provide the video components and video port, thus reducing the overall wattage needs for a system. The power supply should be rated about 30 percent higher than expected needs. Power supplies that run at less than peak performance last longer and don't overheat. In addition, a power supply loses some of its capacity over time. Also, don't worry about a higher rated power supply using too much electricity. Components only draw what they need. REF. PAGE: 75
used to enhance the amount of RAM in a system
Virtual memory
configuring a computer so that it will respond to network activity when the computer is in a sleep state
Wake on LAN
If you want to be able to power up a computer remotely, what feature should you use?
Wake-on LAN
What types of events are logged by Windows and can be viewed using the Event Viewer?
Warning Information Error
Processors and Video Cards (Graphics Cards)
What are the two highest heat producers in a system?
Around 30% higher than the expected needs; PSUs that run at less than peak performance last longer and don't overheat
What should the power supply be rated at?
LGA2011
What socket does Intel suggest using a liquid cooling system for?
90-110 °F (32-43 °C)
What temperature do good processors maintain?
Airplane Mode
When a device has all wireless technologies turned off.
Geotracking
When a device reports its position at least twice a day and usually more often making it possible for companies to track your device's whereabouts.
virtualization
When one physical machine hosts multiple activities that are normally done on multiple machines.
False
When passing a circuit board, memory module, or sensitive component, it is NOT necessary to ground yourself and then touch the other person first before you pass the component. T or F?
A
When removing the motherboard (mobo): the FOURTH step is to do the following: A) Disconnect any other cables or wires connected to the mobo, or: B) Remove screws that hold the mobo to the case.
motherboard
When removing the motherboard: SECONDLY, do the following: Unplug PATA, SATA, and floppy drive cables from the (m___________).
Parity Error:
When the 9th bit of a SIMM that supports parity checking comes up in error with the even or odd state of a memory byte. If an error occurs then "Parity Error 1" (for on the motherboard) or "Parity Error 2" (for on an expansion card) will be alerted to the screen.
Processor Thermal Trip Error
When the processor overheats and the system restarts
Page Fault
When there is a problem with the Memory of a system, often a RAM issue
True
When two objects with dissimilar electrical charges touch, electricity passes between them until the dissimilar charges become equal. T or F?
True
When unpacking hardware or software, remove the packing tape and cellophane from the work area as soon as possible because these materials can attract electrostatic discharge (ESD). T or F?
Which of the following statements regarding working inside a laptop computer is true?
When upgrading a laptop, you should use components that are the same brand as the laptop, or use only recommended components.
When is it okay to touch the inside of a computer that is turned on?
When using a multimeter to measure voltage output
False
When working inside computers, it is NOT necessary to remove jewelry that might come in contact with components. T or F?
True
When working with a CRT monitor, power supply or laser printer, do NOT wear the anti-static bracelet because you do NOT want to be ground for these high-voltage devices. T or F?
True
When working with sensitive low-voltage electronic equipment such as a motherboard or processor, DO wear an anti-static grounding bracelet. T or F?
In the T568B wiring scheme, what two color pairs are used for transmit and receive on a 100BaseT network?
White/green, green White/orange, orange
designed to make it easier for users to connect their computers to a wireless network when a hard-to-remember SSID and security key are used
Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS)
What Windows 7 64-bit version editions could be installed on a computer that has 16 GB of RAM?
Windows 7 Home Premium
What versions of Windows 8.1 are valid in-place upgrade paths for a computer that has Windows 7 Starter edition on it?
Windows 8.1 Pro Windows 8.1
What is the name of the program that reads the settings in the Boot Configuration Data (BCD) file and manages the initial startup of the OS?
Windows Boot Manager
In Windows 8/7/Vista, the program responsible for loading Windows.
Windows Boot Manager (BootMgr)
What software in Windows 8 serves as built-in antivirus software?
Windows Defender
a utility to copy user data and settings from one computer to another
Windows Easy Transfer
When a technician needs to start an image deployment, what version of Windows will be run on the target computer?
Windows PE
uses a flash drive or secure digital (SD) memory card to boost hard drive performance
Windows ReadyBoost
A lean operating system that can be used to troubleshoot problems when Windows refuses to start
Windows Recovery Environment (RE)
If a clean install is performed on a hard drive with a previous install of Windows and the drive is not re-formatted during the install, where will the files from the old installation be?
Windows.old
When creating a strong password, what are some valid criteria the password should meet? (Choose all that apply.)
You should combine uppercase and lower case letters, numbers, and symbols. You should not use adjacent keys on the keyboard, such as asdf.
When handling motherboards, cards, or drives, which statement is NOT accurate?
You should not hold expansion cards by the edges
a type of connector that must be lifted up in order to be disconnected
ZIF connector
When mapping a drive, you can type in the path to the shared folder on the host computer. What is the syntax for the path?
\\server\sharedfolder
SATA Power Connector
a 15-Pin connector used for SATA (Serial ATA) drives that can provide +3.3V (seldomly), +5V, and +12V
ExpressCard/34
a 34mm wide ExpressCard that is usable in ExpressCard/54 slots as well. Fully hot-pluggable, hot-swappable, and supports auto-configuration.
Molex connector
a 4-pin connector used for older IDE (PATA or Parallel ATA) drives and some newer SATA drives, providing +5 v or +12 v to the drive.
S-Video Port
a 4-pin or 7-pin round video port sometimes used to connect a television.
Which statement is true regarding the installation of the motherboard and connecting power?
a 4-pin power cord supplies supplemental power to the processor
What should you install in a server room that will save space by allowing you to control multiple servers with a single mouse, keyboard, and monitor?
a KVM switch
If you want your computer to be protected by BitLocker Encryption using computer authentication, what feature must your computer have?
a TPM chip on the motherboard
Which statement regarding the USB standard and USB devices is accurate?
a USB cable has four wires, two for power and two for communication
Expansion Card
a circuit board that provides more ports than those provided by the motherboard.
What happens when a flash memory card is installed in a slot and it is recognized by Windows?
a drive letter is assigned to the device and you can see it in Windows Explorer
When installing a new device, which statement is accurate?
a mouse may not require an additional device driver installation
Resistance
a property that opposes the flow of electricity ohm
Bluetooth
a short-range wireless technology to connect two devices in a small personal network.
What statement about user accounts and groups is NOT true?
a user account can belong to only one group at a time
What type of device do you need if you want to connect two network segments together such as a wireless network and a wired network?
bridge
a networking technology that carries more than one type of signal
broadband
When a static image stays on a monitor for many hours leaving a permanent impression of that image on the monitor, what term is used to describe the condition?
burn-in
What are three possible reasons for an application error that should be considered at step 3 of the application troubleshooting process?
application may be corrupted application settings may be wrong consider data corruption
What term refers to horizontally torn images on a screen, which occur when the video feed from the video controller gets out of sync with the refresh rate of the monitor?
artifacts
When attempting to solve application errors, what does the first step involve?
ask the user to reproduce the problem while you watch interview the user and back up data try a reboot
Lifting Heavy Objects
avoid back injury by the following: decide which side of object to face for most balanced load, stand close to object with feet apart, keep back straight, bend knees and grip, lift with legs, arms, shoulders (not back/stomach), keep load close to your body and don't twist while holding; when putting object down, keep back straight and lower object by bending knees
Regarding the Performance Monitor utility, which statements are accurate?
can monitor in real time can save data in logs
What command lets you view the contents of a file, but was actually designed for joining multiple files together?
cat
Documentation for evidence which includes exactly what, when, and from whom evidence was collected, the condition of this evidence, and how the evidence was secured while it was in your possession, is know by what term?
chain of custody
If a user on a laptop complains that they are unable to sign into Windows even though they are certain they are entering the correct password, what should you have them do?
check the NumLock indicator on the laptop
What term defines, a set of components on the motherboard that work closely with the processor to control the memory, buses, and peripherals?
chipset REF. PAGE: 89
What command can be used to check for file system errors?
chkdsk /r
What two commands are used to change the permissions and ownership of a file or directory in Linux?
chmod chown
Expansion (adapter) cards
circuit board that provides more ports than those provided by the motherboard; most ports are provided by motherboards
In order to remove any partition or volume information from a selected disk, what diskpart command should be used?
clean
What type of installation should you perform if you want to install a 64-bit version of Windows on a computer that already has a 32-bit OS installed?
clean install
What is another name for a file allocation unit?
cluster
Restarts the computer by turning off the power or by pressing the Reset button
cold boot
which is true about Dimm slots?
color coding is used to identify the channel
What keypress sequence is used to open the Force Quit window on a Mac?
command+option+esc
If you have an overly confident user on the phone, what is a good practice?
compliment the user's knowledge, insight, and experience
Where should you clip your ESD strap when opening a computer case?
computer case
Continuity
condition of low resistance that allows current to flow in a completed circuit
6- and 8-pin PCIe connectors
connect directly to video card (which draws the most power in a system)
S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) sound port
connects to external home theater audio system; provides digital audio output and best signal quality
Cellular Network
consists of geographic areas of coverage called cells.
Application software
consists of programs that perform specific user-oriented tasks.
Dual-Voltage Selector Switch
contained on most PSU on the back of the case where you can switch the imput voltage to the power supply to 115V (US) or 220V (Other Countries).
Analog
continuous signal with infinite variations
Analog Signal
continuous signal with infinite variations.
Actuator
controls arm
What sits on top of the processor and consists of a fan and heat sink?
cooler REF. PAGE: 67
What is intended to legally protect the intellectual property rights of organizations or individuals to creative works, which include books, images, and software?
copyright
In order to break out of a command or process on a terminal, what keys should you press?
ctrl+c
Video Memory
embedded RAM chips contained in some video cards.
The Windows kernel includes what two main components?
executive services HAL
a connector on the motherboard that allows the insertion of a card
expansion slot
What is a connector on the motherboard that allows the insertion of a card?
expansion slot REF. PAGE: 70
What is the fourth partition on a hard drive called?
extended partition
operates at 100 Mbps and uses STP or UTP cabling, rated CAT-5 or higher
fast Ethernet
a device that helps to eliminate electromagnetic interference (EMI)
ferrite clamp
What part of the path to a file indicates how the file is organized or formatted?
file extension
the overall structure an OS uses to name, store, and organize files on a volume
file system
What type of device can be used to block unwanted traffic initiated from the Internet and can also restrict Internet access from an internal network?
firewall
What is a possible remedy if your system hangs at odd time or during the boot? - install new CMOS RAM - flash the BIOS - remove the TPM chip - format the hard disk
flash the BIOS REF. PAGE: 124
FCLGA
flip-chip land grid array
What is a basic principle that applies to both internal and external devices?
for most installations, install the device first, then the device driver
The motherboard _______________________ determines the size of the board and its features.
form factor or form-factor REF. PAGE: 82
What is the unit of information called when a network adapter adds the source and destination MAC address to the segment of data before it is transmitted on the network?
frame
a connector on a motherboard that consists of pins that stick up from the board
front panel header
A connector on a motherboard that consists of pins that stick up from the board?
front panel header REF. PAGE: 53
The ability to send and receive transmissions at the same time on an Ethernet cable is referred to by what term?
full duplex
a mini-app that provides information such as the time, date, news headlines, or weather.
gadget
Inside the computer case
generally contains power supply, optical (DVD/CD) drive, power cords, processor (underneath fan), hard drives, motherboard, memory slots, SATA data cables
a trail left behind when you move the mouse
ghost cursor
GHz
gigahertz
What does jailbreaking do?
give you root privileges to the OS
a console available only in Windows Professional and business editions that is used to control what users can do and how the system can be used
gpedit.msc
What is the name of the interface that uses graphics as compared to a command-driven interface?
graphical user
A program that is potentially harmful or potentially unwanted
grayware
black probe
ground
While working inside the computer, you should clip a ____________ bracelet to the computer case.
ground REF. PAGE: 51
capacitance
how much energy the capacitor can hold at any voltage
4 - based on Mac OS X and is currently used on the iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch by Apple
iOS
Which devices utilize an operating system based on the Mac OS X operating system? (Choose all that apply.)
iPad iPhone iPod touch
What command can be used to take full access of a file?
icacls
When utilizing both share and NTFS permissions, what statement is inaccurate?
if both permissions are used, the least restrictive permission between the two applies
What should you do after a problem has been resolved at an on-site service call?
if you changed anything since the last boot, reboot one more time
what is not true when setting up dual channeling?
if you have two pairs installed in two channels, all four DIMMs must match
What command will display a list of active and inactive network interfaces on Unix, Linux, and Mac OS X?
ifconfig -a
CMOS RAM
includes date, time, port configurations
an outdated wireless technology used to connect personal devices, has been replaced by Bluetooth
infrared (IR)
permissions assigned by Windows that are attained from a parent object
inherited permissions
What command can be used to display IP addresses assigned to all network connections on a system?
ipconfig
a command that can be used to display the TCP/IP configuration
ipconfig
What two commands are used to display TCP/IP configuration on Windows and Unix / Linux / Mac OS X operating systems, respectively?
ipconfig ifconfig
What command can be used to flush the local DNS cache on a Windows computer?
ipconfig /flushdns
What statement is true regarding the Guest account in Windows 7?
it is disabled by default
A DIMM that holds data and amplifies a signal before the data is written to the module uses what technology?
it uses registers
What term defines, two small posts or metal pins on the motherboard that are either open or closed?
jumper REF. PAGE: 108
The core of the OS that is responsible for interacting with hardware
kernel
What occurs when Linux encounters an error from which it cannot recover?
kernel panic
type of spyware that tracks your keystrokes, including passwords
keylogger
LGA
land grid array
A __________________________________ socket has blunt protruding pins on the socket that connect with lands or pads on the bottom of the processor.
land grid array or LGA REF. PAGE: 86
delays in network transmission
latency
In Windows 7, a collection of folders can be organized into conveniently accessed shortcuts known by what term?
library
What is a good practice when working with a customer on site?
limit use of your cell phone to work-related calls
Unicast addresses include what types of addresses? (Choose all that apply).
link-local address global address
A bootable Linux USB flash drive or CD that can be used to repair system issues is known by what term?
live CD
Apps that offer continuous real-time updates on the Windows 8 modern interface are referred to by what term?
live tiles
voltmeter
measures electrical voltage
Power supply tester
measures output of each power supply connector
Multimeter
measures several characteristics (e.g. voltage, resistance, continuity) of electricity in a variety of devices
MHz
megahertz
Reduces the total cost of a system by reducing the number of expansion slots on the motherboard, reducing the power supplied to the board, and allowing for a smaller case size.
micro-ATX
Which of the following memory configurations definitely will not work when populating a motherboard with DIMMs
mixing unbuffered with registered
Proper Use of Cleaning Pads and Solutions
most cleaning solutions contain flammable and poisonous materials, so be careful when using; a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) explains how to properly handle things such as chemical solvents and how to dispose of them (usually comes packaged w/chemical); organizations may require accident report be filled out if there's an accident using dangerous products (so don't be careless)
ATX (Advanced Technology Extended)
most commonly used form factor today; originally developed by Intel in '95; open, non-proprietary industry specification; has variety of power connectors (which evolve because new tech requires more power)
arm
moves back and forth to read and write data
What application can be used to set Windows 8 to boot into Safe Mode while still in Windows?
msconfig.exe
What two tools can be used to disable a service and to give a list of all currently running services, respectively?
msconfig.exe taskmgr.exe
If you need to find the model and speed of the installed processor and hard drive and the amount of memory installed, what utility should you open?
msinfo32.exe
What command can be used to launch the System Information window?
msinfo32.exe
What command launches the Remote Desktop client for Windows?
mstsc
USB (Universal Serial Bus) port
multi-purpose I/O port used by many different devices (printers, mice, keyboards, scanners, external hard drives, flash drives, etc.); some ports are faster than others (USB 2.0 vs USB 3.0)
Using a PIN or password in addition to TPM is an example of what type of authentication?
multifactor
What unit of measurement is used for DIMM read and write times?
nanoseconds
What command manages user accounts on the local system in Windows?
net user
Protect against shock/burns (cont'd)
never use water to put out fire (h20 is a conductor); use a rated fire extinguisher (preferably Class C [Classification 1-A: 10-B:C] which is made from non-conductive chemicals) to put out electrical fires
24- or 20+4-pin P1 connector
older 20-pin P1 connector still worked in this connector, supported the new PCI Express slots
How often does Windows 7/Vista automatically defragment a hard drive?
once a week
What type of software is used to control a computer?
operating system
Alternating current (AC)
oscillates between negative and positive voltage; house current is AC and oscillates 60 times/sec; travels on a hot line from power station, returns to power station on neutral line; a short can occur when AC follows an unintended path; neutral line is grounded (connected directly to the earth) to prevent uncontrolled electricity in a short
What piece of equipment is NOT a tool that would be considered appropriate equipment for on-site visits?
oscilloscope
10 - the process of connecting with another Bluetooth device
pairing
The front _____________ connectors lead from the front of the computer case to the motherboard.
panel REF. PAGE: 55
used to connect a computer to a switch or other network device
patch cable
In order to terminate multiple network cables that converge in one location such as an electrical closet or server room, what should you use?
patch panel
What type of network does not have centralized control, such as one in a small office or home office?
peer-to-peer (P2P)
Hard drives (also called hard disk drive or HDD)
permanent storage used to hold data and programs, other drives include optical and tape drive
PGA
pin grid array
When using Mac OS X, what gesture can be used to show the Launchpad?
pinch
What command below is used to test network connections by sending a request packet to a host?
ping
What is the distance between adjacent dots on a screen known as?
pixel pitch
An ammeter must be...
placed within the circuit and may distort the reading because can influence the current
What is the second step in opening the case of a working computer?
power down the system and unplug it
After you unplug the computer, you should press the ___________ button for about three seconds.
power or on/off REF. PAGE: 47
What two devices in a computer should be considered "black boxes", and should never be opened, due to risks involving charged capacitors?
power supply monitor
In what order should you install components into the case after disassembling a computer?
power supply, drives, motherboard, cards
What methods exist to lock down a workstation running Windows, such as when stepping away from the screen? (Choose all that apply.)
press Ctrl+Alt+Delete and click Lock this Computer press Windows key + L
When working with a workgroup, what statement is accurate regarding which folders to use to hold shared data?
private data for each user should be kept in their C:\Users folder
Which of the following involves assigning a problem to those higher in the support chain?
problem escalation
What important information is needed if you are installing an OEM version of Windows 7?
product key
used to cast a transparent image onto a large screen
projector
What term describes a set of rules and standards used for communication?
protocol REF. PAGE: 94
What kind of a computer intercepts requests that a browser makes of a server and can cache received content?
proxy server
How are IP addresses available to the Internet classified?
public
a server automatically installs a new image or OS upgrade to a computer when a user is not likely to be sitting at it
push automation
Power supply (also called power supply unit or PSU)
receives and converts house current so components inside case can use it; most come with dual-voltage selector switch (allows switching input voltage from 115V to 220V)
For some brand-name computers, the hard drive contains a partition that can be used to reinstall Windows. What is the name for this partition?
recovery partition
the number of times a monitor screen is built or refreshed in one second
refresh rate
What command will unregister a component when run?
regsvr32.exe /u
a device that amplifies and retransmits a signal to a wider coverage area
repeater
____ increases if _____ decreases if ____ remains contstant
resistance, current and voltage
What task can't be performed by using Task Manager?
restart a process
What is a snapshot of the system settings and configuration called?
restore point
snapshots of the system and include Windows system files that have changed
restore points
What statement about controlling access to folders and files is accurate?
rights are assigned to accounts
What installs in a PCI slot and provides another slot at a right angle?
riser card REF. PAGE: 101
What user account is known as the system administrator or super user account?
root
What can you do if you want to obtain administrator privileges to an Android device?
root the device
What type of malware can hijack internal Windows components and often goes undetected because it is already loaded when the antivirus software loads?
rootkit
PS/2 (mini-DIN) port
round 6-pin port used by keyboard or mouse; both ports look similar but aren't interchangeable; on PCs: purple is for keyboard, green port is for mouse; newer computers use USB ports for keyboard and mouse rather than the older PS/2 ports
The System Restore utility can be started from command line using what executable?
rstrui.exe
What commands are used by the USMT software?
scanstate loadstate
Execute Disable Bit (EDB):
security built into a processor so that it can work with the operating system to designate an area of memory for holding data or instructions.
Digital
series of binary values - 1s and 0s
Digital Signal
series of binary values in 1s and 0s
a document from the manufacturer that describes how to disassemble a device
service manual
A major update release on Windows is referred to by what term?
service pack
What console can be used to enable, disable, start, or stop a service?
services.msc
What should be entered at a command prompt in order to scan all system files?
sfc /scannow
a method to control access to a shared folder and can be assigned to NTFS or FAT volumes
share permissions
the portion of an OS that relates to the user and to applications
shell
The ability to snap a page to the left or right side of the screen so a second page can share the screen is a function of what feature?
side-by-side apps
memory chips installed on one side of the module?
single-sided
What term is used to describe the unused space at the end of the last cluster?
slack
What two terms describe a power saving mode in windows that saves the current running state including open files to memory and then shuts down, while keeping memory powered?
sleep mode; suspend mode
One way to authenticate users on a computer is to use a small device that contains authentication information. What is this device called?
smart card
What is the term given to the individual tools in a console?
snap-ins
the practice of tricking people into giving out private information or allowing unsafe programs into the network or computer
social engineering
To restart a PC without turning off the power
soft boot
Motherboard
sometimes called system board (largest and most important circuit board)
What key will cause the Windows Boot Manager to appear as long as it is pressed during the Windows startup process?
spacebar
Which physical topology uses a centralized device to manage traffic on the network?
star bus
used with a graphics tablet and works like a pencil
stylus
Used by a computer or other device to determine if an IP address of another computer is on its network or another network
subnet mask
What type of network device keeps a table of the MAC addresses of the devices connected to it?
switch
a device that keeps a table of MAC addresses to port mappings
switch
contains instructions for running essential hardware devices before an operating system is started
system BIOS
Purposes served by motherboard ROM BIOS
system BIOS: manages simple devices; startup BIOS: starts the computer; BIOS setup: changes motherboard settings
Front Side Bus
system bus.
What device dedicated to timing the activities on the motherboard?
system clock REF. PAGE: 96
What GUI element is usually on the right side of the taskbar and displays open services?
system tray
What is another name for the notification area in Windows?
system tray
Audio (sound) ports
systems usually have three or more; for mics: audio in/out and stereo audio out
You should beware of a person attempting to use your computer after you step away from it, a term referred to as which of the following?
tailgating
when someone who is unauthorized follows the employee through a secured entrance to a room or building
tailgating
If you don't want to use BitLocker to protect your computer, you can still configure a power-on password using which of the following?
the BIOS
Ohms Law
the more voltage you expect in an electrical system in order for current to remain constant the more resistance you must add in the form of a larger capacity resistor
What might be the cause of a black screen right after you install a new video card?
the onboard video is not disabled in BIOS
If a storage pool is configured as if it has more virtual storage than the physical drives actually offer, what feature is being used?
thin provisioning
the average of the actual speed of a network
throughput
What is defined as a record of a call for help with a computer problem?
ticket
a record of a help request and its current status
ticket
What is a valid reason for wanting to configure a proxy server in Internet Explorer?
to connect to secured websites on a corporate network VPN
Under what circumstance might you use an Ethernet loopback plug?
to test a network cable
If you are experiencing issues reaching a target destination network, and you need to to display each hop to the destination, what command should you use?
tracert
cylinder
tracks on each level
Thunderbolt port
transmits both video and data on the same port and cable; port is shaped like DisplayPort (also compatible with DisplayPort devices
HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) port
transmits digital video and audio (not analog); often used to connect to home theater equipment
DisplayPort
transmits digital video and audio (not analog); slowly replacing VGA and DVI ports on personal computers
DVI (Digital Video Interface) port
transmits digital/analog video; three types of DVI ports exist
Direct current (DC)
travels in one direction; type of current used by most electronic devices
Hard drives
two standards: Serial ATA standard (SATA), used by most drives today; Parallel ATA (PATA) (also called IDE interface), slower than SATA (uses 40-pin ribbon cable and connector, two connectors on motherboard for two data cables, accommodates up to four IDE devices, uses a 4-pin power connector called a Molex power connector)
an installation that does not require a technician to respond to prompts by the setup program
unattended installation
Packets are delivered to a single node on a network when using what type of IPv6 address?
unicast address
What can you do if you suspect an application requires more privileges than the currently logged-on account?
use the Run as administrator shortcut menu option
External SATA (eSATA) port
used by an external hard drive using eSATA interface; faster than FireWire
20-pin P1 connector
used by first ATX power supplies and motherboards
Network (also Ethernet or RJ-45) port
used by network cable to connect to wired network; fast ones run at 100 mbps (megabits/sec), gigabit ones run at 1,000 mbps or 1 gbps (gigabit/sec); megabit = 1 million bits, gigabit = 1 billion bits
FireWire (or IEEE1394, pronounced "I-triple-E 1394") port
used for high-speed multimedia devices such as digital camcorders
Modem (RJ-11) port
used to connect dial-up phone lines to computers; modem port looks like network port but not as wide (shown on right for comparison)
4- and 8-pin auxiliary connectors
used to provide additional 12 V of power for evolving CPUs
Loopback plugs
used to test a port in a computer or other device to make sure port is working; may also test the throughput or speed of port
What are some of the ways you can use BitLocker Encryption? (Choose all that apply.)
user authentication using a certificate computer authentication using TPM computer and user authentication using a PIN and TPM
Shell subsystems that have only a limited access to system information and can access hardware only through other OS services are operating in what mode?
user mode
a command that provides encryption options and hard link management within USMT
usmtutils
What component draws the most power in a system?
video/graphics card REF. PAGE: 75
Siri is an example of what technology?
virtual assistant
VM
virtual machine
What is it called when software is used to simulate the hardware of a physical computer?
virtual machine
software that simulates the hardware of a physical computer
virtual machine
What is Pagefile.sys used for in Windows?
virtual memory
The solution for securing private data traveling over a public network, such as the Internet, is the use of what type of network?
virtual private network
protects data by encrypting it from the time it leaves a remote computer until it reaches a server on a corporate network, using a technique called tunneling.
virtual private network
What term describes when one physical machine hosts multiple activities that are normally done on multiple machines?
virtualization REF. PAGE: 120
What inputs would be considered to be part of a biometric device? (Choose all that apply.)
voice retina fingerprint
One ___ drives a ___ of one ___ through a ___ of one __.
volt, current, amp, resistance, ohm
As 1 increases 2 increases; as 2 decreases 1 decreases
voltage and current
What is the name for a partition that has been formatted and assigned a drive letter?
volume
What issued by a slow device that is not ready?
wait state REF. PAGE: 96
Before using a multimeter must tell it 3 things
what to measure (V,W,ohm) whether current is AC or DC what range of values to expect
Which of the following are true about NTFS permissions? (Choose all that apply.)
when a subfolder is created, it is assigned the permissions of its parent folder if NTFS permissions conflict locally, the more liberal permission applies
Protect against shock/burns (cont'd)
when working on sensitive low-voltage equipment, ground yourself with anti-static bracelet connected to the ground; when working with high-voltage equipment/things containing capacitors, do not ground yourself as power can flow through you to the ground and you may get shocked; NOTE: power supplies and monitors are considered a field replaceable unit (FRU), and you are expected to know how to replace, NOT repair it.
What two colored RCA connectors in a component video cable are used for audio?
white red
What two programs are utilized when Windows resumes from hibernation, depending on the motherboard's BIOS/UEFI?
winresume.efi winresume.exe
What functions might be provided by a SOHO router besides the normal duty of routing packets between networks? (Choose all that apply).
wireless access point firewall
clusters
within each track
A group of computers on a peer-to-peer network that are sharing resources
workgroup
an infestation designed to copy itself repeatedly to memory, on drive space, or on a network
worm
What command can be issued within Windows RE to enable networking?
wpeinit
What icon might you see in Device Manager that indicates a problem with a device?
yellow triangle
Which of the following is true about cable Internet?
you share the cable infrastructure with your neighbors
After you install a processor you should check the what to verify that the system recognized the processor correctly?
you should check the BIOS
ZIF
zero insertion force socket
a computer that has been hacked, and the hacker is using the computer to run repetitive software in the background without the user's knowledge
zombie
a unique number that identifies each mobile phone or tablet device worldwide.
IMEI
What command creates a subdirectory under a directory?
MD
Internal components
Main components installed inside the case.
An Ethernet port has a connector called an RJ-45 to connect to a network cable
True
Defragmenting is not recommended for solid-state hard drives.
True
software installed on a computer that produces pop-up ads using your browser
adware
the relative difference between light and dark areas on a video screen
contrast ratio
Volumes within an extended partition are known by what term?
logical drives
What type of storage drive contains spinning platters?
magnetic hard disk drives
Motherboard, processor, memory, keyboard, and mouse
200-300 W
PCI
(Peripheral Component Interconnect) is a type of slot on the motherboard used to connect expansion cards.
POST
(Power-On Self Test) is a series of tests performed by the startup UEFI/BIOS when you first turn on a computer. It determines if startup UEFI/BIOS can communicate correctly with essential hardware components required for a successful boot.
Modem Port
(RJ-11 Port) used to connect dial-up phone lines to computers.
RAM
(Random access Memory) temporary storage for data and instruction as they are being processed by the CPU.
What was the 64-bit Front Side Bus replaced with in the X58 (Nehalem) chipset? - FSB - QPI - PCIe - ICH
- QPI REF. PAGE: 91
Which motherboard slot has direct access to the North Bridge? - secondary PCIe slot - Firewire - ATA bus slot - primary PCIe slot
- primary PCIe slot REF. PAGE: 90-91
AMD Processor Families (4):
1.) FX Black Edition 2.) Phenom 3.) Athlon 4.) Sempron
SATA I
1.5 Gb/sec
Chassis
A computer case for any type of computer.
Portable Computer
A computer small enough to carry easily.
Server
A computer used by many users to perform a specific task, such as running network or Internet applications.
Spanning
A configuration of two hard drives that hold a single Windows volume to increase the size of a volume. Sometimes called JBOD (just a bunch of disks)
spanning
A configuration of two hard drives that hold a single Windows volume to increase the size of a volume. Sometimes called JBOD (just a bunch of disks).
ball grid array
A connection via a processor that is soldered to the motherboard, and the two are always purchased as a unit.
Autodetection
A feature of UEFI/BIOS that detects a new drive and automatically selects the correct drive capacity and configuration, including the best possible standard supported by both the hard drive and the motherboard
autodetection
A feature of UEFI/BIOS that detects a new drive and automatically selects the correct drive capacity and configuration, including the best possible standard supported by both the hard drive and the motherboard.
Watt (for example, 20 W)
A measure of electrical power. One unit of this is, one joule per second, and measures the total electrical power needed to operate a device. Can be calculated by multiplying volts by amps.
Ohm (Ω)
A measure of resistance to electricity.
Multimeter
A more general purpose tool that an measure several characteristics of electricity in a variety of devices.
Fanless CPU Cooler (Passive CPU Cooler)
A processor cooler that, instead of using fans, uses heat pipes that contain a small amount of liquid that becomes vapor when heated, and then the vapor draws the heat away from the processor toward the fins on the cooler. There the heat can be blown away by case fans
Boxed Processor:
A processor sold with a cooler.
Audio ports
A system usually has 3 or more of these type of round ports.
Secure Digital (SD) card
A type of memory card used in digital cameras, tablets, cell phones, MP3 players, digital camcorders, and other portable devices. The three standards used by SD cards are 1.x (regular SD), 2.x (SD High Capacity or SDHC), and 3.x (SD eXtended Capacity or SDXC).
Magnetic Tape
A type of sequential secondary storage medium, now used primarily for storing backups of critical organizational data in the event of a disaster.
flip-chip land grid array
A type of socket used by processors that has blunt protruding pins on the socket that connect with lands or pads on the bottom of the processor. The chips in the processor package are flipped over so that the top of the chip makes contact with the socket.
If the computer you are using is a laptop that moves from one network to another, what tab can be used to configure a secondary configuration, such as a static IP if a DHCP server cannot be reached?
Alternate Configuration
Centrino:
An Intel technology that combines the processor, chipset, and wireless network adapter into an interconnected unit improving laptop performance.
sharp
As you work, remember to watch out for (s_____) edges that can cut you.
To which group does Windows give access to folders that you create which are not part of your user profile?
Authenticated Users
1 Long and 2 Short Beeps
Award BIOS: A video problem, no video card, bad video memory Intel BIOS: A video Problem
Continuous Short Beeps
Award BIOS: Memory Error Intel BIOS: A loose card or short
What two different types of firmware may be used on motherboards?
BIOS and UEFI
Where should a user disable virus protection settings that might prevent the boot area of the hard drive from being altered?
BIOS setup
Step One
Back up data
can be partitioned and formatted as a stand-alone hard drive
Basic disk
Gigahertz (GHz)
Billions of cycles per second, a measure of clock speed.
BD-R
Blu-ray disc recordable
Discolored Capacitor
Bulging head or crusty corrosion at the base of a capacitor that might indicate a failing motherboard
a placeholder module used in Rambus memory configurations?
C Rimm
Where is the Windows system registry hive?
C:\Windows\System32\Config
Registry files, if deleted, can be restored from those saved in what folder?
C:\Windows\System32\Config\RegBack
what measures memory access timing?
CAS LATENCY
CD-ROM
CD read-only memory
A directory that is housed inside another a directory
Child directories
A window that consolidates several Windows administrative tools that you can use to manage the local PC or other computers on the network
Computer Management
Platter
Disk more than one
Tethered
Connection a device via cable to the internet by allowing another mobile device's cellular network to carry the original device.
4-pin Berg connector
Connector used by a floppy disk drive (FDD).
6-pin plus 2-pin +12 V PCIe connector
Connector used by high-end video cards using PCIe x 16 slots to provide extra voltage to the card. To get the 8-pin connector, combine both the 6-pin and 2-pin connectors.
15-pin SATA connector
Connector used for SATA drives.
During the Windows 8.1 installation, what option must be selected in order to perform a clean install?
Custom: Install Windows only (advanced)
Which type of memory is the main memory installed as DIMMs on a motherboard?
D RAM
What type of port is sometimes used by routers for management and configuration purposes?
DB9 port
Determine DDR naming convention
DDR MHz speed multiplied by 8 bytes, e.g., 400Mhz * 8 = 3200 MBps, or PC3200 (equivalent to DDR400)
Which type of memory can support quad and triple and dual channels?
DDR3
assigns an IP address to a computer when it first attempts to initiate a connection to the network
DHCP server
A type of memory slot found on a motherboard.
DIMM
Serial Presence Detect (SPD)
DIMM technology that declares to system UEFI/BIOS at startup the module's size, voltage, and data path width that is supported by most DIMMs today.
Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM)
DRAM tied to system clock, CPU, and MCC
Transmit digital video and audio and is slowly replacing VGA and DVI.
Display Port
What command should you use to rearrange parts of files on the drive so they are contiguous?
Defrag
can span more than one hard drive
Dynamic volumes
an error checking technology used by DIMMs
E C C
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Explains how to properly handle substances such as chemical solvent and how to dispose of them.
The Advanced Boot Options screen can be displayed by pressing what key during the boot sequence?
F8
10Base5 cabling runs at speeds up to 1 Gbps and distances to 500 meters.
False
Which statement regarding the Firewire standard is accurate?
FireWire devices are hot-swappable
Programs and data that are stored on a motherboard are referred to by what term?
Firmware
BIOS Setup
Firmware used to change the motherboard configurations or settings.
What do you call a connector on a motherboard that consists of pins that stick up from the board?
Header REF. PAGE: 53
Step Three
Hold power for a few seconds
What are the two common classes of LCD monitors?
In-Plane Switching (IPS) Twisted Nematic (TN)
A+ Certification
Industry standard certification for PC support technician.
Speech-Recognition Technology
Input devices that recognizes human speech.
Why DDR2 ram is faster than DDR ram
Input/Output speeds are faster
3 Long Beeps
Intel BIOS: A keyboard controller problem
Continuous 2 Short Beeps and then a Pause
Intel BIOS: A video card problem
24-Pin P1 Connector
Is the main motherboard power connector used today.
What type of backlighting receives DC power directly from a motherboard and doesn't use an inverter?
LED
MBR
Master Boot Record- first sector of a hard drive usually on 512 bytes
Error Correction Code RAM (ECC RAM)
Modern error checking and on-the-fly fixing RAM
What diagnostic software is used by several manufacturers, and can run tests on keyboards, video, speakers, touchpad, optical drives, wireless LANs, motherboard, processor, ports, hard drive, and memory?
PC-Doctor
Hot-Swapping
Plugging in a device while the computer is turned on. The computer will sense the device and configure it without rebooting. The device can be unplugged without an OS error
Modem port (aka RJ-11 port)
Port used to connect dial-up phone lines to computers. This port looks like a network port, but is not as wide.
on-board ports
Ports that are directly on the motherboard, such as a built-in keyboard port or on-board network port.
positive / negative LED that controls the power light and indicates the power is on
Power LED +/-
Firmware
Programs and data stored on the motherboard
what will cause a capacitor to explode?
Putting it in backwards because of its polarity exceeding the voltage it can handle
Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks (RAID); Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID)
Several methods of configuring multiple hard drives to store data to increase logical volume size and improve performance, or to ensure that if one hard drive fails, the data is still available from another hard drive
RAID (redundant array of inexpensive disks or redundant array of independent disks)
Several methods of configuring multiple hard drives to store data to increase logical volume size and improve performance, or to ensure that if one hard drive fails, the data is still available from another hard drive.
Cooler
Sits on top of the processor and consists of a fan and a heat sink
What Windows process is responsible for authenticating users?
Smss.exe
BD-R
Stands for Blue-ray Disc recordable.
BD-RE
Stands for Blue-ray Disc rewriteable.
CD-RW
Stands for CD rewriteable.
CD-ROM
Stands for CD-read-only memory.
True
T or F?
185° F, or 85° C
The Intel maximum temperature limit of processors is (____)°F or (___)°C.
flashing BIOS
The process of upgrading or refreshing the programming stored on the firmware.
CMOS battery
The battery on the motherboard used to power the chip that holds BIOS setup data so that the data is retained when the computer is unplugged.
True
The best way to guard against ESD is to use a ground bracelet together with a ground mat. T or F?
Processor cooler
The fan and heat sink together are called this.
Motherboard
The larges and most important circuit board in the computer
20-Pin P1 Connector
The main motherboard power connector used in early ATX systems.
What events can occur during BootMgr's role in startup? (Choose all that apply.)
The settings in the BCD are read Dual-boot menu is displayed
To what should you normally clip the ground bracelet before you work inside the computer case?
The side of the computer case REF. PAGE: 51
File Recovery Software
Third-Party Software that can help recover deleted and corrupted files
a task or group of instructions executed by the CPU?
Thread
What is the name of the OS X built-in backup utility?
Time Machine
jumper
Two wires that stick up side by side on the motherboard or other device and are used to hold configuration information. The jumper is considered closed if a cover is over the wires and open if the cover is missing.
Desktop case
Type of computer case that lies flat and sometimes serves double-duty as a monitor stand.
Tower case
Type of computer case that sits upright and can be as high as two feet and has room for several drives.
Alternating current (AC)
Type of electricity that goes back and forth, or oscillates, rather than traveling in only one direction.
An upset failure
Type of electrostatic discharge (ESD damage that damages a component so that it does not perform well.
Catastrophic failure
Type of electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage that destroys the component beyond use.
Electricity
Type of energy that can be either AC, alternating current, or DC, direct current.
UEFI
Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
hertz
Unit of measurement for frequency, calculated in terms of vibrations, or cycles per second. For example, for 16-bit stereo sound, a frequency of 44,000 Hz is used.
Step Two
Unplug power
What are two methods that can be used to free up disk space on a hard drive?
Use drive compression Uninstall software you no longer use
Parity:
Used by older SIMMs as error-checking technology. It checks the even and odd state of each byte and assigns an additional bit to notate its value. Later when the byte is read back, the 9th bit is checked or an odd or even state.
How does liquid cooling work?
Using liquid cooling, a small pump sits inside the computer case, and tubes move liquid around components and then away from them to a place where fans can cool the liquid, similar to how a car radiator works. REF. PAGE: 71
RAID 0
Using space from two or more physical disks to increase the disk space available for a single volume. Performance improves because data is written evenly across all disks. Windows calls this a striped volume
Left side
Which side is the bottom of the motherboard located on this case?
True
Work on hard floors, not carpet, or use anti static spray on the carpets. T or F?
compressed air
You can blow dust out of a case with a can of (c________) (a__).
antistatic vacuum
You can vacuum out dust out of a case using a special (a_______) (v_________).
What is the very first step that should be taken when performing work with a computer?
You should back up any important data
Processor
central processing unit (CPU); processor most of data and info for entire system; CPUs generate heat and require a heat sink and fan (together called the processor cooler, which consists of metal fins that draw heat away from a component)
a code used to identify and authenticate a person or organization sending data over a network
certificate
Rectifier
device that converts AC to DC
Tools Used By a PC Repair Tech
ground bracelet, ground mat, antistatic gloves; flat-head screwdriver; Phillips-head/cross-head screwdrive; Torx screwdriver set (size T15); insulated tweezers; extractor; OS recovery CD/DVD; use a toolbox to contain tools
a device that contains a disc that is free to move and can respond to gravity as the device is moved
gyroscope
What do you call a connector on a motherboard that consists of pins that stick up from the board?
header
A _____________________ uses fins that draw heat away from the processor.
heat sink REF. PAGE: 67
What uses fins that draw heat away from the processor?
heat sink REF. PAGE: 67
Post Diagnostic Cards
helps discover, report computer errors and conflicts at power-on self test (POST); tests performed by startup BIOS
Hz
hertz
The power saving state that saves all work to the hard drive and powers down the system is known by what term?
hibernation
A SIM card is used for which of the following?
holding data related to your cellular carrier
Computer case (sometimes called a "chassis")
holds: power supply, motherboard, processor, memory modules, expansion cards, hard drive, optical drive, other drives tower case - sits upright and can hold several drives desktop "" - lies flat and sometimes holds monitor laptop "" - mobile all-in-one "" - used with all-in-one computer
red probe
hot probe
an area where access to Wi-Fi Internet connectivity is made available, such as at a coffee shop, retail store, or airport
hotspot
What statement regarding crossover cables is accurate?
it can be used to connect two PCs together
Which statement regarding 10-Gigabit Ethernet is accurate?
it is a good choice for backbone networks
MicroATX form factor
major variation of ATX; reduces total cost of a system by reducing number of expansion slots on motherboard, reducing power supplied to board, and by allowing for smaller case size; uses a 24-pin P1 connector (not likely to have as many extra wires and connectors as those on the ATX power supply)
Anti-malware software relies on what sort of update in order to define or detect malware as it gets into the wild?
malware signatures
When an attacker presents a program or himself as someone else to obtain private information and pretends to be a legitimate website, network, FTP site, or person in a chat session, what type of attack is occurring?
man-in-the-middle
What command will open the Memory Diagnostics utility?
mdsched.exe
ammeter
measures electrical current in amps
CryptoLocker is an example of what type of malware?
ransomware
Track
rings on platter
microUSB
Smaller than a standard USB and used usually for mobile devices to charge and pass information.
What program is used to start the part of the Win32 subsystem that displays graphics?
Smss.exe
Which Intel CPU socket is discontinued? - Socket 478 - LGA2011 - LGA1155 - Socket H
Socket 478 REF. PAGE: 85
Special purpose Software
Software made for a specific task
Off-the-Shelf Software
Software mass-production by software vendors to address needs that are common across businesses, organizations, or individuals.
System Software
Software needed to run the computer's hardware and application programs
Middleware
Software that allows various systems to communicate and exchange data.
General purpose Software
Software that can be used for many different tasks
Off the Shelf (GPS)
Software that is bought, ready to use.
What is the name for the type of flash memory that is used by mobile devices to store their apps and data?
Solid state device
front
Some cases require you to pop the [front or back] panel off the case before removing the side panels.
DVD-ROM
Stands for DVD read-only memory
DVD-RW DL
Stands for DVD rewriteable memory, dual layers. Dual layers almost double the storage capacity of DVD-RW discs
DVD-RW
Stands for DVD rewriteable memory.
What is responsible for getting a system up and going and finding an OS to load?
Startup BIOS
If you touch an ungrounded component, you could damage it with __________ electricity.
Static REF. PAGE: 46
screws
Step 5 of removing the motherboard (mobo) is: Remove (s______) that hold the mobo to the case.
Storage as a Service
Storage as a service is a data storage model where a data storage service provider rents space to individuals and organizations.
What don't you do to a power supply? Why?
Take the silver case off because it has capacitors that still hold electric charge when unplugged
lets you view the applications and processes running on your computer as well as information about process and memory performance, network activity, and user activity
Task Manager
can be set to launch a task or program at a future time, including at startup
Task Scheduler
A command that uses the process ID to stop a process
Taskkill
A command used to find the ID number of each running process
Tasklist
Power Supply Tester
Used to measure the output of each connector coming from the power supply.
Power supply tester
Used to measure the output of each connector coming from the power supply.
PS/2 Port
(mini-DIN port) a round 6-pin port used by keyboard or mouse. The color of the port determines the device intended for the port, purple for keyboards and green for a mouse.
Linux utilizes what two different wildcard characters at the command line?
* ?
What Performance counter tracks the percentage of time the hard drive is in use?
% Disk Time
ATX
(Advanced Technology Extended) the most commonly used form factor today.
ANSI
(American National Standards Institute) publishes standards for SATA and PATA
BIOS
(Basic Input/Output System) is firmware used by older motherboards embedded on firmware chips.
CPU
(Central Processing Unit) does most of the processing of data and instructions for the system.
CDMA
(Code Division Multiple Access) a type of technology used to connect to a cellular network.
Serial Port
(DB9 Port) a 9-pin male port used on older computers and replaced by USB. Sometimes used to hookup to monitor and manage a router.
DVI Port
(Digital Video Interface) port transmits digital or analog video. There are 3 types of DVI ports.
DIMM
(Dual inline memory module) slots that hold memory modules.
ESD
(Electrostatic Discharge) is another name for static electricity which can damage chips and destroy motherboards even though it might not be felt or seen with the naked eye.
GSM
(Global System of Mobile Communication) a type of technology used to connect to a cellular network. Uses SIM cards.
HDD
(Hard Disk Drive) is permanent storage used to hold data and programs.
HDMI Port
(Hight-Definition Multimedia Interface) port transmits digital video and audio and is often used to connect to home theater equipment.
FireWire Port
(IEEE 1394 Port) Used for high-speed multimedia devices such as digital camcorders.
Infrared
(IR) is a wireless connection that requires an unobstructed "line of sight" between transmitter and receiver. Commonly used for TV remote controls.
Parallel Port
(LPT Port) is a 25-pin female port use by older printers and replaced by USB.
NFC
(Near Field Communication) is a wireless technology that establishes a communication link between two NFC devices that are within 4 inches of each other. Used for key-fobs some times.
PCIe
(PCI Express) faster versions of PCI slots on the motherboard requiring more power
PCMCIA cards
(Personal Computer Memory Card International Association). Slot and card standards designed and supported by the PCMCIA.
Spacers
(S_______), aka standoffs, are round plastic or metal pegs that separate the motherboard from the case.
SATA
(Serial ATA) standard that is used by most hard drives, optical drives, and tape drives today.
SO-DIMMs
(Small Outline DIMMs) are used in Laptops and are smaller memory modules than DIMMs.
S/PDIF Sound Port
(Sony/Philips Digital Interface) connects to an external home theater audio system, providing digital audio output and the best signal quality. Always carry digital audio and can work with electrical or optical cable.
SIM Card
(Subscriber Identity Module) Card is inserted into a device and keeps information about your subscription to a GSM network
UEFI
(Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) is used on newer motherboards as firmware that is more robust and secure than BIOS because it can assure that the boot has no rogue OS hijacks on the system.
USB Port
(Universal Serial Bus) a multipurpose I/O port that comes in several sizes and is used by many different devices.
VGA Port
(Video Graphics Array) or DB-15, DB15 port, HD15 port, or DE15 port, is a 15-pin D-shaped female port that transmits analog video.
Wi-Fi
(Wireless Fidelity) common name for standards for a local wireless network.
ESD strap
(also called a ground bracelet) protects against ESD when working inside the computer case.
External SATA Port
(eSATA) is used by and external hard drive or other device using the eSATA interface. Faster then FireWire.
Case Fan
A fan inside a computer case used to draw air out of or into the case
land grid array
A feature of a CPU socket whereby pads, called lands, are used to make contact in uniform rows over the socket.
staggered pin grid array
A feature of a CPU socket whereby the pins are staggered over the socket in order to squeeze more pins into a small space.
ISO image
A file format that has an .iso file extension and holds an image of all the data, including the file system that is stored on an optical disc. ISO stands for International Organization for Standardization.
Universal Disk Format (UDF) File System
A file system for optical media used by all DVD discs and some CD-R and CD-RW discs
UDF (Universal Disk Format) file system
A file system for optical media used by all DVD discs and some CD-R and CD-RW discs.
Compact Flash (CF) Cards
A flash memory device that allows for sizes up to 137 GB, although current sizes range up to 32 GB
CompactFlash (CF) card
A flash memory device that allows for sizes up to 137 GB, although current sizes range up to 32 GB.
Micro ATX
A form factor reducing the total cost of a system by reducing the number of expansion slots on the motherboard, reducing the power supplied to the board, and allowing for smaller case size.
Random Access Memory (RAM)
A form of memory in which instructions or data can be temporarily stored.
Massively Parallel Processing System
A form of multiprocessing by linking hundreds or thousands of processors to operate at the same time, or in parallel, with each processor having its own bus, memory, disks, copy of the operating system, and applications.
data cartridge
A full-sized cartridge that holds data and is used in a tape drive.
Data Cartridge
A full-sized cartridge that is 4" x 6" x 5/8". This holds data and is used in a tape drive
Auto-Switching
A function of a laptop computer AC adapter that is able to automatically switch between 110-V and 220-V AC power
Multimeter
A general-purpose tool that can measure several characteristics of electricity in a variety of devices. Some can measure voltage, current, resistance, or continuity.
chipset
A group of chips on the motherboard that controls the timing and fl ow of data and instructions to and from the CPU.
Hybrid Hard Drive (H-HDD); Solid-State Hybrid Drive (SSHD)
A hard drive that uses both magnetic and SSD technologies. The bulk of storage uses the magnetic component and a storage buffer on the drive is made of an SSD component
hybrid hard drive (H-HDD)
A hard drive that uses both magnetic and solid-state drive (SSD) technologies. The bulk of storage uses the magnetic component, and a storage buffer on the drive is made of an SSD component. Windows ReadyDrive supports hybrid hard drives.
Solid-State Drive (SSD); Solid-State Device (SSD)
A hard drive with no moving parts. A storage device that uses memory chips instead of spinning disks to store data
Storage Area Network
A high-speed, special purpose network that integrates different types of data storage devices (e.g. hard disk drives, magnetic tape, solid state secondary storage devices) into a single storage system and connects that to computing resources across an entire organization.
External Enclosure
A housing designed to store hard drives external from the computer
external enclosure
A housing designed to store hard drives external from the computer.
Mainframe Computer
A large, powerful computer often shared by hundreds of concurrent users connected to the machine via terminals.
Network Port
Also called Ethernet Port or an RJ-45 port, is used by a network cable to connect to the wired network.
VGA Port (Video Graphics Array)
Also called a DB-15 port, this 15-pin female port transmits analog video. All older monitors use this type of port.
serial ATA (SATA)
An ATAPI interface standard for hard drives, optical drives, and other drives that uses a narrower and more reliable cable than the 80-conductor cable and is easier to configure than PATA systems.
Serial ATA (SATA)
An ATAPI interface standard for hard drives, optical drives, and other drives, that uses a narrower and more reliable cable than the 80-conductor cable and is easier to configure than PATA systems
Storage Card
An adapter card used to manage hardware RAID rather than using the firmware on the motherboard
storage card
An adapter card used to manage hardware RAID rather than using the firmware on the motherboard.
solid-state device (SSD)
An electronic device with no moving parts. A storage device that uses memory chips to store data instead of spinning disks (such as those used by magnetic hard drives and CD drives). Examples of solid-state devices are USB flash drives, flash memory cards, and solid-state disks used as hard drives. AKA solid state disk or solid state drive.
Nettop Computer
An inexpensive desktop computer designed to be smaller, lighter, and consume less power than a traditional desktop computer.
Digital Camera
An input device used with a PC to record and store images and video in digital form.
Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
An interface between firmware on the motherboard and the operating system and improves on legacy BIOS processes for booting, handing over the boot to the OS, and loading device drivers and applications before the OS loads.
Application Program Interface
An interface that allows applications to make use of the operating system.
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
An interface that displays pictures (icons) and menus that people use to send commands to the computer system.
ATX ( Advanced Technology Extended)
An open, nonproprietary industry specification originally developed by Intel in 1995, this is the most commonly used form factor today.
Compact Disc (CD)
An optical disc technology that uses a red laser beam and can hold up to 700 MB of data
CD (compact disk)
An optical disc technology that uses a red laser beam and can hold up to 700 MB of data.
Blu-ray Disc
An optical disc technology that uses the UDF 2.5 file system and a blue laser beam, which is shorter than any red beam used by DVD or CD discs. The shorter blue laser beam allows these discs to store more data than a dvd
4-pin Molex connector
Connector used for IDE (PATA) drives.
Connector: AUX Voltages: 3.3V, 5V, 12V Common Use: Auxiliary power for motherboards
Connector: Voltage: Common Use:
Connector: Mini Voltages: 5V, 12V Common Use: Floppy Drives
Connector: Voltage: Common Use:
Connector: Molex Voltages: 5 V, 12V Common Use: PATA and SCSI hard drives and optical drives; some PCIe video cards; some PCIe motherboards.
Connector: Voltage: Common Use:
Connector: P1 (20-Wire) Voltages: 3.3V, 5V, 12V Common Use: Primary power for older ATX motherboards
Connector: Voltage: Common Use:
Connector: P1(24-Wire) Voltages: 3.3V, 5V, 12V Common Use: Primary power for current ATX motherboards
Connector: Voltage: Common Use:
Connector: P4 and 8-pin CPU power connector Voltages: 12V Common Use: Secondary power for current ATX motherboards
Connector: Voltage: Common Use:
Connector: PCIe Voltages: 12V Common Use: PCIe video cards
Connector: Voltage: Common Use:
Connector: SATA Voltages: 5V, 12V Common Use: SATA drives
Connector: Voltage: Common Use:
"black boxes"
Consider the monitor and power supply to be "(b______) (b_______)."
Heat Sink
Consists of metal fins that draw heat away from a component.
Application Software
Consists of programs that perform specific user-oriented tasks. It can be categorised as general purpose, special purpose or custom written (bespoke).
What name is given to the Windows Phone 8.1 virtual assistant?
Cortana
Small Outline Dual In-Line Memory Module (SO-DIMM)
Smaller alternative to DIMMs and use integrated circuits
Continuous High and Low Beeps
Intel BIOS: CPU problem
Continuous 3 Short Beeps and then a Pause
Intel BIOS: Memory error
1 Long and 1 Short Beep
Intel BIOS: Motherboard problem
8 Beeps Followed by a System Shutdown
Intel BIOS: The system has overheated
1 Long and 3 Short Beeps
Intel BIOS: Video problem
False
Intel does NOT recommend wearing antistatic gloves when handling a processor. T or F?
Broadwell:
Intel's Fith-Generation Processor Family.
Haswell:
Intel's Fouth-Generation Processor Family.
Sandy Bridge:
Intel's Second-Generation Processor Family.
Ivy Bridge:
Intel's Third-Generation Processor Family.
Hyper-Threading:
Intel's terminology for multithreading.
embedded MMC (eMMC)
Internal storage used instead of using a solid-state drive (SSD) in inexpensive mobile devices such as cellphones, tablets, and laptops.
Embedded MMC (eMMC)
Internal storage used instead of using an SSD in inexpensive mobile devices such as cell phones, tablets, and laptops
What is a typical symptom that might indicate the MBR record is damaged?
Invalid partition table error
Bespoke
Is Special-Purpose software but is written for a customer's specific needs
Loopback Plug
Is used to test a port in a computer or other device to make sure the port is working and might also test the throughput or speed of the port. Commonly used with network and USB ports.
False
It is NOT important to use a ground bracelet with a ground mat. T or F?
False
It is OK to use water to put out a fire fueled by electricity because water is NOT a conductor of electricity. T or F?
False
It is OK to work on a computer if you or the computer have just come in form the cold. T or F?
What statement regarding satellite connections is accurate?
It requires line of sight connectivity
Applications on the Android OS are mostly written in what programming language?
Java
True
Keep components away from your hair and clothing. T or F?
What is the file name given to the Windows kernel?
Ntoskrnl.exe
uses a thin LED layer or film between two grids of electrodes
OLED
Memory Controller Chip
Object used to communicate with CPU and control RAM inputs
miniUSB
Smaller than a standard USB and microUSB and used usually for mobile devices to charge and pass information.
Tower Case
Sits upright and can be as high as two feet and has room for several drives.
device driver
Small programs stored on the hard drive and installed in Windows that tell Windows how to communicate with a specific hardware device such as a printer, network, port on the motherboard, or scanner.
What Windows utility can be used to find out what processes are launched at startup?
System Configuration
a Windows utility that protects system files and keeps a cache of current system files in case it needs to refresh a damaged file
System File Checker
Restore points are created at regular intervals and just before you install software or hardware by what utility?
System Protection
Blue Screen of Death (BSOD)
System locks up with an error message on a blue screen
Can give you a quick look at what hardware and software is installed
System window
System software
Systems software includes the operating system and all the utilities that enable the computer to function. S ystem software is the interface between the hardware and user applications
True
T or F: the last two steps (of 4) to remove an expansion card are: 3) Grasp the card with both hands and remove by lifting straight up; 4) As you remove the card, do NOT put your fingers on the edge connectors or touch the chip.
What two U.S. carriers offer a feature called Wi-Fi calling?
T-Mobile Sprint
What two standards have been established for wiring twisted-pair cabling and RJ-45 connectors?
T568B T568A
What protocol makes a connection, checks whether the data is received, and resends it if it is not?
TCP
Master Boot Record contains...
Table of primary partitions Disk signature Directions for starting the operating system
What two protocols are used for remote access to a server, using unencrypted and encrypted transmissions respectively?
Telnet SSH
Rail
Term used to describe each circuit provided by the power supply
What are two different ways by which a laptop could utilize the cellular network connection of a mobile device?
Tethering, hotspot
North Bridge
That portion of the chipset hub that connects faster I/O buses (for example, the video bus) to the system bus.
South Bridge
That portion of the chipset hub that connects slower I/O buses (for example, a PCI bus) to the system bus.
cooler
The (c_______) sits on top of the processor and consists of a fan and a heat sink.
form factor
The (fo___) (fa____) of a power supply determines the size of the power supply and the placement of the screw holes and slots used to anchor the power supply to the case.
Compact Disc File System (CDFS)
The 32-bit file system for CD discs and some CD-R and CD-RW discs
CDFS (Compact Disc File System)
The 32-bit file system for CD discs and some CD-R and CD-RW discs. AKA Universal Disk Format (UDF)
True
The BIOS programs are stored on a special ROM (read-only memory) chip. T or F?
SO-DIMM (Small Outline DIMM):
Used in laptops as smaller version of DIMMs, coming in DDR, 2, 3, and 4.
What should you do when you have a customer that is frequently complaining about your company, products, or services?
allow the customer to vent for a while and apologize as necessary
Which of the following are valid types of user accounts in Windows?
administrator; standard
What is TRUE about installing a processor on a motherboard?
after replacing the processor in the socket, you need to lock down the lever
Where is the Favorites tray on an Android device?
above the Action Bar
a device used in mobile devices to sense the physical position of the device
accelerometer
What must you do before using a new iPad or iPod touch?
activate it
What partition is the bootable partition that startup BIOS turns to when searching for an operating system to start up on an MBR partitioned drive?
active partition
What is the accelerometer used for in mobile devices?
adjusting the screen orientation
the folders that are shared by default on a network domain that administrator accounts can access
administrative shares
When working with co-workers and supervisors, which of the following is a good practice?
be professional by putting business matters over personal matters
Which statement is NOT a good practice when working inside a computer case?
be sure to hold expansion cards by the edge connectors
When working with a computer illiterate user over the phone, what is NOT a good practice?
before proceeding with the call, tell the customer to put someone else on the line
What two terms are used to describe the User Datagram Protocol (UDP)?
best effort protocol connectionless protocol
All data and instructions inside a computer are represented in ______________, which means there are only two states.
binary REF. PAGE: 94
Bits
binary values of 1 or 0
If using a dual or multiboot configuration, what screen appears during the boot sequence?
boot loader menu
In Windows, what two terms describe the active partition on an MBR drive, and the location where the Windows operating system is stored, respectively?
boot partition system partition
What command can be used to scan for Windows installations not stored in the BCD?
bootrec /scanOS
What command can be used to repair a dual boot system?
bootsect
contains a list of OS commands that are executed as a group
batch file
What device provides a strong magnetic field used to completely erase data on a hard drive or tape drive?
degausser
If a game or desktop publishing app that relies heavily on graphics is not performing well or giving errors, what command can you run to view DirectX information?
dxdiag.exe
used to display information about hardware and diagnose problems
dxdiag.exe
Inverter
device that converts DC to AC
Transformer
devices that change ratio of voltage to current; keeps power constant but changes the ratio of current to voltage
Resistors
devices that reduce the flow of electricity in electrical currents
an attack that can be used to crack a long password by trying words and word combinations
dictionary attack
another term for graphics tablet, which is used to hand draw
digitizer
What task can't be performed from the IE General tab?
disable file downloads
What type of IP address is configured by a server when a device first initiates a connection to the network?
dynamic
Protect against electric shock (just use common sense, if it doesn't look/smell/sound right or normal, err on side of caution)
disconnect power if dangerous situation might lead to shock or fire; dangers include frayed cords, spilled liquids, strong odor, whirring/whining noise, smoke or unusual warmth
A command to manage hard drives, partitions, and volumes.
diskpart
What command can be used to manage hard drives, partitions, and volumes?
diskpart
What command can be used to remove partitions and convert a drive to GPT?
diskpart
If you wish to install a new OS without disturbing the old one so that you can boot to either OS, what type of boot setup should you create?
dual boot
BIOS (basic input/output system)
data and instructions stored on ROM chips; ROM BIOS chips: type of firmware
What term describes the system of pathways used for communication which carry data?
data bus REF. PAGE: 94
a program associated with a file extension
default program
double sided Dimm that provide more than one bank
dual ranked
