SUPERVISION FINAL

Which of the following is created when employee groups are given wide latitude and considerable authority to make job-related decisions? a. A horizontal corporation b. A virtual corporation c. A self-directed work team d. A reengineered work team

A SELF DIRECTED WORK TEAM

Carla is upset about a recent action taken by a top manager at her company that was against the interest of the employees in the lower levels of management. Carla knows that others employees also feel the same way. If she wanted to form a group to look into the matter more closely, which type of group would be recommended? a. Command group b. Cross-functional group c. Friendship group d. Special-interest group

A SPECIAL INTEREST GROUP

An organized effort by a firm to help employees get and stay healthy to remain productive is known as _____. a. a counseling program b. a wellness program c. mentorship d. orientation

A WELLNESS PROGRAM

Which of the following is NOT a serious pitfall to avoid when evaluating applicants? a. Applying the halo effect b. Making judgments too quickly during the interview c. Asking job-related questions d. Asking probing personal questions and evaluating the response

ASKING JOB RELATED QUESTIONS

A written plan expressed in numerical terms that projects anticipated resources and expenditures for a certain period of time is known as a: a. budget. b. projection. c. forecast. d. utility.

BUDGET

Jessica periodically meets with her subordinates to provide them with information, instruction, and suggestions relating to their job assignments and performance. She hopes that this practice will help improve her employees' competence. Based on the information provided in this scenario, it is evident that Jessica is engaging in the practice of _____. a. commissioning b. delegating c. coaching d. counseling

COACHING

State Line Inc.'s executive team meets every two weeks to discuss strategies and tactics to move the company forward. The team consists of the company president and five vice presidents.Which of the following types of work groups does executive team represent? :a. Command group b. Cross-functional team c. Task group d. Special interest group

COMMAND GROUP

Eric is happy to be working on a strategic planning task force within his company. He feels a strong sense of attachment to the team. He can frankly associate with other team members. Which of the following is a reason cited by Eric for being a part of the team? a. Behavior guidelines b. Protection c. Problem solving d. Companionship and identification

COMPANIONSHIP AND IDENTIFICATION

The set of skills, knowledge, and personal attributes possessed by a superior performer are known as _____. a. components b. mindsets c. clusters d. competencie

COMPETENCIES

During manufacture, Stephen notices the indicator light on one of the machines in the assembly line flashing red. He immediately recognizes this as an indication of a problem with the machine and intervenes to fix it. Which of the following control mechanisms does this scenario best exemplify? :a. Feedforward control b. Concurrent control c. Feedback control d. After-the-process control

CONCURRENT CONTROL

is the time factor control mechanism that involves taking corrective action during the production or delivery process to ensure that standards are being met. :a. Feedback control b. Concurrent contro lc. Feedforward control d. Preventive control

CONCURRENT CONTROL

Harry asks a question to both male and female job applicants regarding their willingness to work in night shifts that generates varying responses from the two genders. This question does not pass the OUCH test based on the fact that it is NOT: a. consistent in effect. b. related to the job. c. differential in application. d. subjective.

CONSISTENT IN EFFECT

Every time one of his subordinates does something highly exceptional or something unsatisfactory, Rob records it in his employee work file. The information in this file serves as a factual record and helps Rob in assessing the performance of his team members and in supporting his ratings during performance appraisals. Based on the information provided in this scenario, Rob is most likely using the technique of the _____. a. critical incident method b. forced choice method c. concurrent feedback method d. field review method

CRITICAL INCIDENT METHOD

At C.M. Manufacturing, employees are first trained to do their primary jobs. However over the course of several months, they are gradually trained to perform other duties.This has been helpful for the company in maintaining production even when employees are sick or when they leave unexpectedly.This is an example of _____. a. onboarding b. mentoring c. on-the-job training d. cross-training

CROSS TRAINING

Which of the following statements is true about control mechanisms? a. Control mechanisms are likely to be based on mathematical formulas and complex graphs at lower levels of management. b. The control mechanisms at higher management levels are less sophisticated than those at lower management levels. c. Control mechanisms must permit changes when such changes are required. d. The same set of control mechanisms are used for all activities across all departments.

Control mechanisms must permit changes when such changes are required.

According to the American Council on Drug Education, which of the following statements is true regarding drug abusers in the workplace in comparison to non-drug abusers? a. Drug abusers are equally as likely to miss work. b. Drug abusers are less likely to file a workers' compensation claim. c. Drug abusers are two-thirds as productive. d. Drug abusers are less likely to be involved in on-the-job accidents.

DRUG ABUSERS ARE TWO-THIRDS AS PRODUCTIVE

The level of emotional commitment an employee has to an organization and its goals is known as _____. a. efficacy b. engagement c. synergy d. orientation

ENGAGEMENT

All of the following are internal factors that influence employee morale, EXCEPT: :a. relations with co-workers. b. family relationships. c. working conditions. d. compensation.

FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS

Ron has established a preventative maintenance program at his company where the machines used in production are serviced on a regular basis to prevent breakdowns in the future. Which of the following control mechanisms does this best exemplify? a. Feedforward control b. Concurrent control c. Feedback control d. In-process control

FEED FORWARD CONTROL

William is a supervisor at his work, where he has three employees that report directly to him. William reports to his boss Jennifer, who reports to the president of the company. This type of organizational structure can be best described as a(n) _____. informal organizational structure b. grapevine organizational structure c. formal organizational structure d. hybrid organizational structure

FORMAL

Which of the following statements is true of formal performance appraisals? a. Lower-level management decides who should appraise and how often. b. Formal appraisals reaffirm the supervisor's genuine interest in employees' growth and development. c. All organizations require supervisors to formally appraise all employees at least once a week. d. Supervisors are not required to appraise employees who are on their probationary periods.

Formal appraisals reaffirm the supervisor's genuine interest in employees' growth and development.

In an organization, the most effective teams are those that: a. are relatively large. b. are less cohesive. c. engage in groupthink. d. have shared cognition.

HAVE SHARED COGNITION

Carla's primary function as a supply chain manager for a consumer goods manufacturer is to monitor the flow of raw materials, supplies, work-in-process, and finished goods. Carla is most likely involved in: :a. quality control .b. production control. c. inventory control. d. budgetary control.

INVENTORY CONTROL

Which type of control involves keeping watch over raw materials, supplies, work-in-process, and finished goods? a. Inventory control b. Quality control c. Production control d. Budgetary control

INVETORY CONTROL

Which of the following statements about a project management-type organizational structure is NOT true? a. It adds vertical dimensions to the normally horizontal orientation of an organizational structure. b. It is a hybrid in which both regular (functional) line and staff departments coexist. c. It violates the principle of unity of command. d. It allows organizations to coordinate activities across departments

IT ADDS VERTICAL DIMENSIONS TO THE NORMALLY HORIZONTAL STRUCTURE

Which of the following is an advantage of maintaining an organizational chart? :a. It helps employees understand organizational authority and responsibility relationships. b. It provides a demographic overview of employees working in an organization. c. It helps an organization's top-level management in assessing the performance of its employees .d. It helps an organization in defining goals for its employee.

It helps employees understand organizational authority and responsibility relationships.

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for an effective control system? a. It should be understandable to everyone who uses it. b. It should not permit changes in dynamic settings. c. It should expose deviations as they occur. d. It should yield timely information.

It should not permit changes in dynamic settings.

The chairperson of a meeting should be responsible for all of the following, EXCEPT: a. keeping the meeting focused. b. jotting down the minutes of the meeting. c. asking provocative questions. d. summarizing the actions taken before adjourning the meeting.

JOTTING DOWN THE MINUTES

Which of the following is NOT a common reason for the formation of work groups? a. Problem solving b. Behavior guidelines c. Companionship and identification d. Labor union mandates

LABOR UNION MANDATES

A(n) _____ is an employee in charge of other employees who performs limited managerial functions but is not considered part of management. a. temporary employee b. managerial assistant c. lead person d. liaison person

LEAD PERSON

Streamlining production and cross-training employees so they can do multiple tasks is a part of _____. a. virtual organization process b. lean manufacturing c. just-in-time inventory control d. self-directed team management

LEAN MANUFACTURING

ARVA International is a nonprofit organization that strives to promote social justice throughout the world. At ARVA, employees continually improve their skills and expand their capacities to meet the organization's social objective. In this scenario, ARVA International can best be described as a ______. :a. learning organization b. teaching organization c. centralized organization d. decentralized organization

LEARNING ORGANIZATION

Hallie is appraising her subordinate, Larry's, performance. Even though Larry is a nice guy, Hallie notes that Larry's performance at work is less satisfactory than that of the other employees in the same position. Nonetheless, she does not want to upset Larry, and so she gives him a very good performance rating. This is a typical example of _____. a. a leniency error b. personalized conflict c. substantive conflict d. the horns effect

LENIENCY ERROR

Which of the following is an example of on-the-job training? a. Learning technical skills from an experienced employee b. Completing a college course on principles of supervision c. Attending a trade show d. Undertaking an e-learning program

Learning technical skills from an experienced employee

Which of the following would NOT be a legitimate selection criteria? a. Education b. Experience c. Test scores d. Maiden name

MAIDEN NAME

Ramon is a distribution center manager who is looking to hire a few additional employees. He and his HR team have determined that two positions are needed, and they have identified the skills required for both of these positions. What is Ramon's next step? a. Match the jobs with individuals. b. Indulge in job enrichment. c. Select someone internally .d. Select someone externally.

MATCH THE JOBS WITH INDIVIDUALS

To allow team members to gain leadership experience, in many organizations, the role of the _____ rotates regularly. a. group leader b. supervisor c. arbitrator d. meeting facilitator

MEETING FACILITATOR

At Susko Systems Inc., employees with exceptional performance ratings are three to four more times as likely to be promoted in comparison to employees who receive average or below average ratings. Susko Systems most likely uses the promotion criterion of _____ to promote its employees. a. seniority b. education c. tenure d. merit

MERIT

_____ is defined as a composite of feelings and attitudes that individuals and groups have toward their work, working condition, supervisors, top-level management, and the organization a. Groupthink b. Ethics c. Morale d. Accountability

MORALE

At Best Facilities Inc., industrial engineers were brought to the assembly line to observe production and to identify ways to improve, eliminate, change, or combine steps to make the job easier and more efficient. This is an example of what type of study? a. Concurrent study b. Control study c. Motion study d. Time study

MOTION STUDY

Which of the following describes the principle of organizational stability? a. No organization should become overly dependent on one or several "indispensable" individuals. b. Organizations should group activities and people into organizational units. c. No organization has the right to direct others to conform to decisions, policies, rules, and objectives. d. Organizations should have a structure that combines line and staff authority.

No organization should become overly dependent on one or several "indispensable" individuals.

Allison, an HR manager at I.E. Inc., closely monitors job performance, tardiness, absenteeism, and employee complaints among the staff as a way to gauge employee morale. Which method of assessing morale does she rely on most? :a. Interviewing b. Observation and study c. Attitude surveys d. Journal findings

OBSERVATION AND STUDY

Denise is traveling out-of-state to attend a three-day training session on a new software program that she will be using at work.This is an example of _____. a. on-the-job training b. off-the-job training c. mentoring d. cross-training

OFF THE JOB TRAINING

At K.T. West Communications, supervisors meet with employees at the beginning of their employment and also on an annual basis to review the employees' roles and discuss their jobs, skills, knowledge, abilities (SKAs), and other critical success factors needed to be successful members of the team. This type of ongoing review relates to the process of _____. a. orientation b. coaching c. onboarding d. mentoring

ONBOARDING

_____ is a continuous process. Question :a. Orientation b. Onboarding c. Lay-off d. Restructuring

ONBOARDING

Nancy has been asked to serve as a neutral conference leader for Krypton Inc.'s quality control group. The group focuses on resolving quality issues ranging from customer service complaints to manufacturing problems. Discussion during the meetings is honest and informal, and Nancy focuses on helping members come up with ideas to resolve these issues. This scenario best demonstrates a(n) _____. a. organizational development b. the synergistic effect c. groupthink d. orientation

ORG DEVELOPMENT

Alia is a manager at a software company, Code Y Inc. In an attempt to evaluate the performance of one of her subordinates, Lucas, she asks the other members in Lucas's team to comment anonymously on various aspects of Lucas's performance. She believes that this feedback will help her gain better insight into Lucas's skills, contributions, and interpersonal interactions. What method of evaluation has Alia adopted in conducting Lucas's appraisal? a. Self-evaluation b. Supervisor evaluation c. Peer evaluation d. Focus evaluation

PEER EVALUATION

The marketing and branding team at Jesse's company has been meeting for several months, and the group has been extremely productive. The group works together to make decisions and establish goals with little outside supervision, and it is ready to unveil a report and several new campaigns. In which of the following stages of the group development process is Jesse's group most likely in? a. Storming b. Norming c. Performing d. Adjourning

PERFORMING

Employee turnover is quite high at Horizon Inc. For this reason, supervisors avoid becoming excessively reliant on any one employee lest that individual might choose to leave the organization in the near future. This scenario illustrates that Horizon Inc. is employing the _____. a. project management principle b. principle of organizational stability c. principle of reengineering d. division of work principle

PRINCIPLE OF ORG STABILITY

Identify an accurate statement about performance appraisal forms. a. Performance appraisal forms tend to make the appraisal process less uniform. b. Performance appraisal forms are usually prepared by the HR department with input from employees and supervisors. c. Most forms do not provide space for additional comments about the various aspects of an employee's performance. d. "Check-the-box" appraisal forms are somewhat more difficult and more time-consuming for supervisors to complete.

Performance appraisal forms are usually prepared by the HR department with input from employees and supervisors.

While interviewing final candidates for a new position, Terrence informs the candidates about the positive as well as negative aspects of the position. He is providing a _____. a. realistic culture assessment b. realistic task assessment c. realistic organizational preview d. realistic job preview

REALISTIC JOB PREVIEW

Benex One, a financial consulting firm, recently revamped its entire organization. Instead of being organized based on departments and functions, the company now has fluid departments that change based on the projects being developed as they are demanded by clients. This is an example of _____. a. restructuring b. downsizing c. retrofitting d. reengineering

RESTRUCTURING

Jasper, a quality control analyst, decides to pick a few products at random from a batch of finished goods for inspection. He compares the quality of these products against certain predetermined quality standards to determine whether they are suitable for shipment. This example demonstrates the technique of: a. randomization. b. census. c. profiling. d. sampling.

SAMPLING

Alisa works at a company where she meets with a group to regularly set job-related goals. Members of this group have considerable authority to make many of their own decisions regarding their duties and responsibilities. Alisa's company utilizes _____. a. self-directed work teams b. focus groups c. reengineering teams d. line and staff authority

SELF DIRECTED WORK TEAMS

About a week before his performance review, Seth was asked to fill out a form that required him to list his strengths, his weaknesses, and his accomplishments at work over the past few months. Based on the information provided in this scenario, Seth was most likely asked to fill a _____ form. a. peer evaluation b. 360-degree evaluation c. supervisor evaluation d. self-evaluation

SELF EVALUATION

Which of the following needs do informal organizations satisfy? a. Physiological needs b. Biological needs c. Social needs d. Self actualization needs

SOCIAL NEEDS

A labor union is an example of a _____. a. command group b. special-interest group c. friendship group d. task group

SPECIAL INTEREST GROUP

Dividing work into components and specific tasks to improve efficiency and output is called: :a. distribution. b. specialization. c. classification. d. diversification.

SPECIALIZATION

All of the following are common methods according to which departmentalization can be done, EXCEPT according to: a. function. b. products. c. customer .d. stability.

STABILITY

Samuel works for the human resources department and provides information to both the sales and finance departments among others. In this scenario, Samuel is part of the _____ department. a. line b. matrix c. staff d. hybrid

STAFF

Which of the following managerial functions involves the recruitment, selection, placement, orientation, and training of employees? a. Planning b. Leading c. Staffing d. Controlling

STAFFING

Wendy has been designated as group leader of a task force at work that just met for orientation last week. During the second meeting, group members began sharing ideas and perspectives about tasks to be accomplished, and Wendy observed that conflict arose among some of the group members. She focused on coaching task force members on use of professional behavior. In which of the following stages of the group development process, is Wendy's task force currently in? a. Forming b. Storming c. Norming d. Performing

STORMING

Kathy is a human resource manager who is constantly filling new positions at a rapidly expanding technology company. One of Kathy's biggest priorities is to show current employees that there is a long-term career growth within the company. Which type of hiring policy should Kathy take part in to encourage this belief? a. Fill all positions from within. b. Select the hardest working employees from within to fill open positions. c. Find new talent at college job fairs.Incorrect d. Request current employees to provide referrals from family and friends.

Select the hardest working employees from within to fill open positions

are performance criteria chosen for assessment because they are key indicators of overall performance. a. Strategic control points b. Policies c. Numerical aberrations d. Objectives

Strategic control points

Which of the following statements is true of the supervisor's role in controlling? a. Supervisors should monitor every detail of every employee's work. b. Supervisors should be forward-looking while controlling. c. Supervisors should leave their employees alone until it is time to inspect the final results. d. Supervisors should remember that the main purpose of controlling is to assign blame for mistakes.

Supervisors should be forward-looking while controlling.

​Which of the following statements is true regarding the role of supervisors in performance appraisals? a. Supervisors should avoid engaging their employees in conversations about performance expectations. Incorrect b. Supervisors should record performance data selectively. c. Supervisors should rely on production data and sales data as sources for performance feedback. d. Supervisors should provide their subordinates with feedback on their performance only once every two to three months.

Supervisors should rely on production data and sales data as sources for performance feedback.

Which of the following terms refers to the interaction of two or more individuals such that their combined efforts are greater than the sum of their individual efforts? a. Synergistic effect b. Butterfly effect c. Team work d. Collaboration

Synergistic effect

Jeff is a candidate for a position in a law firm. Although he has limited experience, the hiring manager at the law firm decides to hire him because of his superior interpersonal skills. In this scenario, which of the following interviewing and evaluation pitfalls is the manager subjected to? a. The horns effect b. The halo effect c. The subjective evaluation effect d. Nepotism

THE HALO EFFECT

_____ refers to open-book management in which all financial information is shared with employees and other stakeholders. a. Opacity b. Transparency c. Integrity d. Spot checking

TRANSPARENCY

Which of the following is NOT one of the ways by which a person may enter an employee assistance program (EAP)? a. Supervisor referral b. Self-referral c. Union referral d. Team member referral

Team member referral

Identify an accurate statement about controlling. a. The main purpose of controlling is to assign blame for mistakes. b. Controlling should not be consistent with strategy. c. The function of controlling is carried out simultaneously with the other managerial functions .d. Controlling is not related to the other primary managerial functions.

The function of controlling is carried out simultaneously with the other managerial functions.

_____ occurs when supervisors give employees higher ratings than they deserve. a. The leniency error b. Personalized conflict c. The horns effect d. Dysfunctional conflict

The leniency error

Which of the following statements is true regarding the staffing process and the supervisor? a. The staffing function is an ongoing process for the supervisor. b. Once the supervisor has a department fully staffed, the staffing function is over. c. The staffing function is carried out only when a department is established. d. A supervisor has a nominal role in the staffing function.

The staffing function is an ongoing process for the supervisor.

Which of the following approaches to bringing new employees onboard is correct? a. Only the supervisor should show the new employee around. b. The supervisor can ask an experienced employee to orient the new employee. c. The employee should be self-sufficient from day one. d. Orientation of new employees is the job of the human resources department

The supervisor can ask an experienced employee to orient the new employee.

Which of the following statements about promotion-from-within policies is NOT true a. They provide the organization with a steady source of trained personnel for higher positions. b. They can save an organization much time and money. c. They have been found to have little impact on employee performance. d. They should sometimes be overridden if a qualified internal candidate for a position cannot be found.

They have been found to have little impact on employee performance.

At K2X Industries, the top management believes that having multiple managers will lead to disorder and adversely affect employee performance. As a result, all employees report to only one manager. This scenario demonstrates the management principle of _____. a. span of control b. unity of command c. decentralization d. flat organizational structure

UNITY OF COMMAND

All of the following are conditions of conducting a successful selection interview, EXCEPT: a. using the halo effect. b. taking notes. c. asking job-related questions. d. opening the interview on an informal note.

USING THE HALO EFFECT

A geographically dispersed team (GDT) is another name for a _____. a. virtual team b. demographic team c. cross-functional team d. command team

VIRTUAL TEAM

Which of the following best exemplifies feedback control? :a. Introducing a preventive maintenance program to reduce the risk of machines breaking down during production b. Following a checklist before starting production to reduce the margin for error c. Visually inspecting a batch of finished goods to assess their quality d. Responding to a warning signal in the middle of the production process to fix an issue

Visually inspecting a batch of finished goods to assess their quality

During the holiday season, workers at a non-profit organization recognized that due to the high level of diversity among the staff, a denominational holiday party would not be suitable. To celebrate the gift of giving, regardless of religious affiliation, the workers decided instead to donate gifts to charities in other employees' names. This scenario demonstrates: :a. organizational development. b. corporate social responsibility. c. workplace spirituality .d. synergy.

WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY

A supervisor need NOT hire a replacement when _____. a. a regular employee leaves a department due to promotion b. a regular employee leaves a department due to retirement c. a major technological change or downsizing is anticipated d. new functions are to be added to a department

a major technological change or downsizing is anticipated

Which of the following conclusions about work teams was NOT identified by Katzenbach and Smith? a. Teams function better when they have more than ten members in them. b. Team members should have complementary skills. c. Teams should be committed to objectives that are realistic and specific. d. Team members should be committed to the group and its performance

a. Teams function better when they have more than ten members in them.

An employee's formal performance appraisal should be conducted by: a. the employee's immediate supervisor. b. the head of the employee's department. c. the director of human resources. d. the company's CEO.

a. the employee's immediate supervisor.

Supervisors must avoid using performance appraisal systems: a. as motivational tools. b. for determining job assignments. c. for deciding which employees should receive special training. d. as disciplinary devices.

as disciplinary devices.

During the appraisal meeting, a supervisor must: a. emphasize that everybody in the same job in the same department is evaluated using different standards. b. be prepared to support or document ratings by citing specific illustrations and instances of good or poor performance. c. make promises for training or promotion, even they are not likely to materialize in the foreseeable future. d. avoid having any discussions about possible opportunities for the employee's future.

be prepared to support or document ratings by citing specific illustrations and instances of good or poor performance.

Which of the following is a technique for assessing employee engagement? a. Supervisory trainings b. Phychological tests and exams c. Observations and studies d. Workplace theories

c. Observations and studies

If the unity of command principle is followed,: a. each employee will report to only one manager. b. each employee will report to several managers. c. an upper limit will be set on the number of subordinates a supervisor can manage. d. each employee will be given full autonomy.

each employee will report to only one manager.

The advantage of on-the-job training is that it _____. a. increases employees' chances of promotions b. ensures uniform training, because the same person is training everyone c. eliminates bias by supervisors as they have minimum interactions with new employees d. increases the chances of nepotism being exhibited by supervisors during the training

ensures uniform training, because the same person is training everyone

The _____ is based on the concept that supervisors should concentrate their investigations on activities that deviate substantially from standards. a. ​exception principle b. ​reciprocity reflex c. golden rule d. objective principle

exception principle

In organizations using a two-tier wage system: a. employees are less likely to develop feelings of inequity. b. new employees are paid less than present employees performing the same job. c. employees are not rewarded for the jobs they regularly perform. d. contract employees are paid more than regular employees.

new employees are paid less than present employees performing the same job.

Formal performance appraisal systems: :a. should be used as disciplinary devices rather than as constructive feedback tools aimed at helping employees improve. b. provide clues to the supervisor's own performance and may suggest where the supervisor must improve. c. rarely help supervisors identify areas in which employees need improvement. d. generally result in all the employees of a team receiving the same merit raises.

provide clues to the supervisor's own performance and may suggest where the supervisor must improve.

If a cost-cutting order comes down from top management, the supervisor's best response is to: a. reduce expenses with the help of his employees. b. hold "pep rallies" with his employees. c. stop buying any supplies. d. eliminate preventive maintenance work.

reduce expenses with the help of his employees.

Ongoing feedback throughout the year, both positive and negative, from the supervisor to the employee: a. tends to increase the natural apprehension surrounding performance appraisals. b. makes it easier for the employee to ignore performance standards. c. tends to have less influence on the employee's motivation and morale. d. rewards good performance and fosters improvement.

rewards good performance and fosters improvement.

The span of management principle states that: a. there is a set number of employees a supervisor can manage effectively. b. there is an upper limit on the number of employees a supervisor can manage effectively. c. there is no limit on the number of employees a supervisor can manage effectively. d. there is no difference in the number of employees that different supervisors can manage effectively.

there is an upper limit on the number of employees a supervisor can manage effectively.

The first step in the control process is: a. to set standards appropriate to the task. b. to measure performance against set standards. c. to take corrective action. d. to determine what went wrong and where.

to set standards appropriate to the task.

The system of performance management: a. identifies all those things an employee must do to achieve his or her personal objectives. b. typically begins with the supervisor setting the stage for employee success. c. ​can survive without feedback and control. d. is generally presented in a vague and indirect manner.

typically begins with the supervisor setting the stage for employee success.

In the context of the problems in the appraisal process, which of the following statements is true of leniency errors? a. ​Such errors are made by supervisors who believe that poor evaluations may reflect negatively on their own performance .b. Such errors occur when supervisors give employees lower ratings than they deserve. c. Such errors are likely to damage the morale of employees, who may feel they have been judged unfairly .d. ​Such errors occur when supervisors give lower ratings than other supervisors for the same performance.

​Such errors are made by supervisors who believe that poor evaluations may reflect negatively on their own performance

A supervisor can avoid the halo effect by a. rating only one employee at a time. b. ​rating an employee on each factor relative to a standard. c. rating an employee based on his or her personality. d. rating an employee after considering his or her values.

​rating an employee on each factor relative to a standard.