Surface and sectional anatomy week 2 test
The adult vertebral column usually consists of ________ bones.
33
How many pairs of ribs are considered true ribs?
7
Which of the following describes why ultrasound is not useful when imaging the skull, lungs, or intestines? a. Ultrasound does not penetrate bone. b. Ultrasound does not penetrate air-filled spaces. c. Ultrasound may not undergo reverse photoelectric absorption. d. Both a and b are correct. e. Both a and c are correct.
D. both A and b Ultrasound does not penetrate bone and Ultrasound does not penetrate air-filled spaces.
Deep" means movement toward the surface T OR F
FALSE
Ipsilateral means on the opposite side of the body. T OR F
FALSE
Sentinel node biopsies can reduce the risk of lymphedema because more lymph nodes are removed, which enhances the flow of lymph through tissues. T OR F
FALSE
The atlas contains the dens, a bony process about which the head pivots. T OR F
FALSE
The carina is approximately located at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra. T OR F
FALSE
The diaphragm is located between T12 and L1. T OR F
FALSE
The dorsal body cavity can be divided into the spinal cavity and the thoracic cavity. T OR F
FALSE
The palatine tonsils are located at the base of the tongue. T OR F
FALSE
The pharyngeal tonsils, or adenoids, are located in the oropharynx. T OR F
FALSE
The spleen is located inferior and posterior to the left kidney. T OR F
FALSE
There are three pairs of floating ribs. T OR F
FALSE
Rotter's node is located in the supraclavicular triangle. True False
False
Which of the following describes the curves of the spinal column that are not present at birth (sometimes called the secondary curves)? I. Cervical II. Thoracic III. Lumbar IV. Pelvic
I and III
Which directional term means toward the head?
Superior
Which bony landmark rests just inferior to the eyebrow and is more pronouned on its lateral aspect? It forms the roof of the orbit and can be used to delineate the inferior border of whole brain fields.
Superior orbital margin
In order to reduce the amount in lymphedema a breast cancer patient might experience, the patient should be instructed to wear compression bandages and to perform therapeutic exercises. T OR F
TRUE
MRI scan can be performed as a noninvasive option, rather than a needle biopsy on tumors. T OR F
TRUE
Sutures are fibrous joints that allow little or no movement between them. T OR F
TRUE
The base of the penis may be used as an anatomical landmark on the anterior pelvis. T OR F
TRUE
The carpals are distal to the humerus. T OR F
TRUE
The coronal plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts. T OR F
TRUE
The diaphragm divides the anterior cavity into the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity. T OR F
TRUE
The lateral iliac crest may be palpated with the patient in both prone and supine positions. T OR F
TRUE
The location of any organ in the abdomen and pelvis can vary with respiration, anatomic position, and level of fullness. T OR F
TRUE
The lymphatic system is a "one-way" system. T OR F
TRUE
The majority of the bones of the skull are held together by suture joints. T OR F
TRUE
The sagittal plane divides the body into symmetrical right and left sides. T OR F
TRUE
There is no intervening partition between the lower part of abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity. T OR F
TRUE
The lymphatics of the left lower lobe of the lung eventually drains to the right paratracheal. T or F
True
Which of the following imaging studies could be best described as studies that do not use ionizing radiation? I. X-ray II. X-ray studies using contrast agents III. Computed tomography (CT) IV. Nuclear medicine V. Ultrasound VI. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
V and VI
The hypersthenic body type represents what percentage of the general population? a. 5% b. 10% c. 35% d. 50%
a. 5%
Which portion of the spinal column is composed of four fused vertebrae? a. Coccyx b. Sacrum c. Symphysis pubis d. Lumbar vertebrae
a. Coccyx
Which bone is visualized in the anterior portion of the neck on a lateral radiograph; located in the region inferior to the mandible and superior to the suprasternal notch at the superior border of C4? a. Hyoid bone b. Thyroid cartilage c. Tip of the xiphoid process d. Cricoid cartilage
a. Hyoid bone
If a breast tumor is located in the inner upper or lower quadrant, the lymph node drainage is to which of the following? a. Internal mammary lymph nodes b. Axillary lymph node c. Supraclavicular lymph nodes d. Hilar lymph nodes
a. Internal mammary lymph nodes
The drainage lymphatics of the left lower lobe of the lung include which of the following? a. Right paratracheal lymph nodes b. Abdominal aortic nodes c. Splenic hilar nodes d. Celiac axis nodes
a. Right paratracheal lymph nodes
Which of the following is abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column with excessive right or left curvature in the thoracic region? a. Scoliosis b. Kyphosis c. Lordosis
a. Scoliosis
The bony structure that is located directly anterior to the second thoracic vertebra is which of the following a. Suprasternal notch (SSN) b. Xiphoid process c. Hyoid bone d. None of the above
a. Suprasternal notch (SSN)
The vertebral level that is associated with the spine of the scapula is which of the following? a. Third thoracic b. Seventh cervical c. Seventh thoracic d. Second lumbar
a. Third thoracic
Which of the following structures is located at approximately the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra? a. Umbilicus b. Ischial tuberosity c. Liver d. Hilum of right kidney
a. Umbilicus
Which of the following sinuses are located directly inferior to and from the floor of the orbit? a. Maxillary b. Sphenoidal c. Frontal d. Ethmoidal
a. maxillary
Which of the following anatomic landmarks is located in the head and neck area? I. Superior orbital margin II. Nasion III. External occipital protuberance IV. Mastoid process
all of the above
The asthenic body type represents what percentage of the general population? a. 5% b. 10% to 12% c. 30% to 35% d. 50%
b. 10-12%
A patient is to be treated with a pelvic field on a linear accelerator. The patient is quite obese and the port films show that the field shifts superiorly and inferiorly on a daily basis. What bony landmark may measurements be taken from to stabilize this treatment portal? a. Umbilicus b. Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) c. Pubic symphysis d. Patella
b. Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
Trace lymphatic drainage from the right lung to its return to the cardiovascular system. I. Paratracheal lymph nodes II. Pulmonary/intrapulmonary lymph nodes III. Hilar/bronchopulmonary lymph nodes IV. Carinal/inferior mediastinal lymph nodes a. I, II, III, IV b. II, III, IV, I c. III, II, IV, III d. IV, III, II, I
b. II, III, IV, I
Where is Rotter's node located? a. Supraclavicular triangle b. Infraclavicular fossa c. Anterior aspect of the neck d. Axilla
b. Infraclavicular fossa
The thoracic lymph duct begins in the abdomen at which of the following levels? a. T11 b. L2 c. L5 d. T2
b. L2
Which of the following describes the anatomic relationship of the esophagus to the trachea and vertebral column? a. The esophagus is anterior to the trachea and posterior to the vertebral column. b. The esophagus is posterior to the trachea and anterior to the vertebral column. c. The esophagus is anterior to the vertebral column and anterior to the trachea. d. The esophagus is posterior to the vertebral column and posterior to the trachea.
b. The esophagus is posterior to the trachea and anterior to the vertebral column.
The bony structure that is located directly anterior to the ninth or tenth thoracic vertebra is which of the following? a. Sternal notch b. Xiphoid process c. Hyoid bone d. None of the above
b. Xiphoid process
If a breast tumor is located in the outer upper or lower quadrant, the lymph node drainage is to which of the following? a. Internal mammary lymph nodes b. Axillary lymph node c. Supraclavicular lymph nodes d. Hilar lymph nodes
b. axillary lymph nodes
Which of the following is the portion of the spinal column that is composed of five fused vertebrae? a. Coccyx b. Sacrum c. Symphysis pubis d. Lumbar vertebrae
b. sacrum
The adult vertebral column usually consists of _____ bones. a. 16 b. 25 c. 33 d. 42
c. 33
Which of the following is the structure located immediately superior and medial to the left kidney? a. Gallbladder b. Spleen c. Adrenal gland d. Prostrate
c. Adrenal gland
Which organ begins at the lower border of the cricoid cartilage and travels through the diaphragm to the cardiac sphincter? a. Trachea b. Bronchus c. Esophagus d. None of the above
c. Esophagus
Place the following structures in order, starting with the most superior structure and finishing with the most inferior structure. I. Thyroid cartilage II. Hyoid bone III. Cricoid cartilage a. I, II, III b. I, III, II c. II, I, III d. II, III, I
c. II, I, III
Which of the following is the largest of the paranasal sinuses? a. Frontal b. Ethmoid c. Maxillary d. Sphenoid
c. Maxillary
If a cross section of the thorax is taken at about 10 cm inferior to the suprasternal notch (6 cm inferior to sternal angle), which structure(s) will not be visualized? a. Trachea b. Esophagus c. Scapula d. Both a and c
c. Scapula
Which structure is located approximately 2 cm anterior and 2 cm superior to the external auditory meatus? a. Maxillary sinus b. Nasion c. Sella turcica d. Ethmoidal sinus
c. Sella turcica
Which of the following is the vertebral level associated with the inferior angle of the scapula? a. Third thoracic b. Seventh cervical c. Seventh thoracic d. Second lumbar
c. Seventh thoracic
Which of the following structures or landmarks is associated with the bifurcation of the trachea? a. Tip of the scapula b. Tip of the xiphoid process c. Sternal angle d. Both a and b
c. Sternal angle
The right lymphatic duct "drains" which of the following? a. Upper left part of the body b. Lower left part of the body c. Upper right part of the body d. Lower extremities and abdomen
c. Upper right part of the body
The lambdoidal suture is formed by which bones? I. Frontal II. Sphenoid III. Parietal IV. Temporal V. Occipital a. I, III b. I, III c. V, III d. IV, V
c. V, III
The sinuses that are located directly superior to the orbit are which of the following? a. Maxillary b. Sphenoidal c. Frontal d. Ethmoidal
c. frontal
Which of the following body types has a massive and powerful physique and great body weight with a heavy bony framework and a high alimentary tract? This body type also has a short, wide trunk with a long abdomen of great capacity. a. Sthenic b. Hyposthenic c. Hypersthenic d. Asthenic
c. hypersthenic
The bone directly anterior to the temporal bone on a lateral view of the surface of the skull is the _______ bone. a. ethmoid b. lacrimal c. sphenoid d. parietal
c. sphenoid
The sella turcica is a depression of the _____ bone, which holds the pituitary gland a. ethmoid b. temporal c. sphenoid d. occipital
c. sphenoid
Which body type has a slender physique, long narrow lung fields that are widest in their upper zones, a heart that is pendent in form, and a pelvis with great capacity? a. Sthenic b. Hyposthenic c. Hypersthenic d. Asthenic
d. Asthenic
Which of the following structures is located in the anterior portion of the neck; directly inferior to the thyroid cartilage and superior to the suprasternal notch? a. Mandible b. Hyoid bone c. Tip of the xiphoid process d. Cricoid cartilage
d. Cricoid cartilage
Which of the following structures is not located at the level of the fourth thoracic vertebrae? I. Angle of Louis II. Medial aspect of the clavicle III. Carina IV. Inferior tip of the scapula a. I and II b. II and I c. I and III d. I and IV
d. II and IV
Which of the following is the bony surface landmark that is indicated by dimples above and medial to the buttock, about 5 cm from midline? a. Coccyx b. Iliac crests c. Coccyx d. PSIS
d. PSIS
Which of the following is the bony structure located directly anterior to the fourth thoracic vertebra? a. Suprasternal notch b. Xiphoid process c. Hyoid bone d. Sternal angle
d. Sternal angle
Which of the following is a disadvantage of MRI over CT? a. Magnetic shielding requirements that are expensive b. Lower numbers of patients who can be imaged per hour c. Increased cost d. All of the above
d. all of the above Increased cost, Lower numbers of patients who can be imaged per hour, Magnetic shielding requirements that are expensive
For which of the following are the clavicles useful as an anatomic landmark? a. Outlining the supraclavicular fossa (SCF) field for treatment of the "lower neck" in head and neck tumors b. Treating the upper chest lymphatics c. Estimating the location of the brachial plexus d. All of the above
d. all of the above Outlining the supraclavicular fossa (SCF) field for treatment of the "lower neck" in head and neck tumors, Treating the upper chest lymphatics, and Estimating the location of the brachial plexus
The movement of lymph through the lymphatic system is caused by which of the following? a. The motion of the adjacent muscles b. A primitive two-chamber heart located in the posterior portion of the mediastinum c. Hydrostatic and osmotic pressure differences in the body d. Both a and c
d. both a and c Hydrostatic and osmotic pressure differences in the body and The motion of the adjacent muscle
In females with large breasts, the area around the ___________________ is of great concern in external beam treatment because of the breast tissue acting as a bolus a. nipple b. areola c. tail of Spence d. inframammary sulcus
d. inframammary sulcus
The resonant sound of the human voice is due to the presence of parasagittal sinuses. T OR F
false
Which directional term means farther from the midline or to the side?
medial
The right lymphatic duct "drains" which of the following?
right upper quadrant of the body
Which anatomic plane divides the body vertically into right or left sides?
sagittal
Which is the largest mass of lymphatic tissue in the body? a. Liver b. Tonsils c. Spleen d. Thymu
spleen