System Analysis and Design

What is one primary problem with server-based computing architectures?

As more users place heavier demands on the server, it is expensive to increase server capacity.

Which of the following diagramming symbols represents a subject boundary in a use case diagram?

Box

In addition to testing the functional requirements across all layers, testing must also address all nonfunctional requirements. Which of the following is not one of those nonfunctional requirements?

Budgetary

Which of the following Structured English statements is an advanced form of an IF statement?

Case

____ assures the interface will act as the users expect, while _____ assures it will look pleasing.

Consistency, aesthetics

_____ is the development of all parts of the new system including the software, documentation, and new operating procedures.

Construction

_________ deploys code to production automatically once the code has passed all relevant tests

DevOps

A use case that represents an important business process and involves the use of new technology would likely be given an importance level of medium.

False

An analyst for an insurance company determined that the overall time required to process a property damage insurance claim is 21 business days. When the analyst decomposes the process into steps and aggregates the total time requirements for all steps, she discovers a total time of 12 hours. The analyst is employing the activity-based costing analysis technique.

False

How well a system is accepted by the users and incorporated into the ongoing operations of the business is defined in the technical feasibility.

False

Interfaces should be designed primarily for the inexperienced users who are usually most concerned with ease of use; experienced users will be able to quickly pass over the simpler aspects of the new system.

False

Polymorphism is the mechanism that combines the processes and data into a single object.

False

Questions on questionnaires should be open-ended to allow the respondent the freedom to express his/her opinion since the analyst will not be able to follow up with additional questions as could be done in a one-on-one interview.

False

SQL, the standard language for accessing data in tables in relational databases, stands for Standard Query Language

False

The multiplicity one-or-more on a relationship is signified by the notation 1..M.

False

_____ is the process of examining the technical, economic, and organizational pros and cons of developing a new system.

Feasibility analysis

Which one in the following list is an example of NOSQL data store?

Google's Big Table

_____ suggests that only the information required to use an object should be available outside the object.

Information hiding

The cloud can contain the firm's IT infrastructure, IT platform, and software. _______________ refers to the cloud providing the computing hardware to the firm as a remote service.

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

_____ is the type of test performed to assess whether a set of classes that must work together do so without an error.

Integration testing

The ______________is the idea that, in addition to things having some form of computing capacity built into them, everyday things become connected via the Internet.

Internet of Things (IoT)

Which of the following would not be an appropriate class name?

John

_____ are information that is sent to objects to tell it to execute one of its behaviors.

Messages

Which of the following factors could be included in a technical risk assessment?

No previous experience with Java within the IS department

A simple rule to follow when creating problem domain classes and data access and manipulation classes is that there should be ______________.

One data access and manipulation class for each concrete problem domain class

Which of the following diagramming symbols represents a use case in a use case diagram?

Oval

Which of the following diagramming symbols represents an actor in a use case diagram?

Person Stick Figure

Which phase in the SDLC is most important?

Planning

_____ is the process of planning and controlling the development of a system within a specified time frame at a minimum cost with the right functionality.

Project management

_____ is the test that is performed to ensure that all classes work together without error and meet the business requirements for usability, security, and performance.

System

___ is an example of a functional requirement

The system should be able to search all available inventory in order to determine whether a product can be made by a given date

A 20% increase in sales volume is a tangible benefit that can be included in a cost-benefit analysis.

True

All forms and reports need a minimal amount of white space that is intentionally left blank.

True

Benchmarking refers to studying how other organizations perform a business process so you can learn how your organization can do it better.

True

Key-value data stores is a type of NOSQL data stores, and they essentially provide a distributed index (primary key) to where a BLOB (binary, large object) is stored

True

One of the most common causes for schedule problems is scope creep

True

Subclasses inherit the appropriate attributes and methods from the superclass above them.

True

The leader in the database market and a system that can handle diverse data needs is the relational DBMS.

True

The most efficient tables in a relational database in terms of storage space have no redundant data and very few null values because the presence of these suggest that space is being wasted, and more data to store means higher data storage hardware costs.

True

The multiplicity zero or more is signified by the notation 0..*.

True

To better understand the As-Is system the project team members can perform document analysis on existing forms, reports, and business process models.

True

Use cases can be used to document both the current (As-Is) system and the future (To-Be) system.

True

_____ has emerged as the standard for the design of object-oriented systems.

UML

A few rule you should follow to design multilingual user interfaces. Which one in the following list is NOT one of the rules?

Use large fonts.

If you decide to upgrade, allow yourself at least _____ to test the upgrade on a separate system before you install it.

a month

A disadvantage of purchasing packaged software is that the organization may _____.

accept functionality that is not a perfect fit

Which of the following is part of a CRC card?

all of these

A systems analyst draws a lifeline with an X at the end. This lifeline represents _____.

an object that is destroyed at a point in time

The _______________ phase answers the questions of who will use the system, what the system will do, and where and when it will be used. During this phase, the project team investigates any current system(s), identifies improvement opportunities, and develops a concept for the new system.

analysis

Understanding the as-is system, identifying improvements, and developing requirements for the to-be system are the steps of the __ phase.

analysis

The cost of fixing one major bug after the system is installed can easily exceed the _____.

annual salary of a programmer

In an n-tiered architecture, the _____ is spread across two or more different sets of servers.

application logic

If a "student signs up for a class," which type of relationship would you use to model the relationship between the two?

association

A(n) _____ of an analysis class represents a piece of information that is relevant to the description of the class.

attribute

An advantage of custom development is that the organization can _____.

build technical skills and functional knowledge

Explaining "the business capabilities of the information system" is written in the _____ section of the system request.

business requirements

Which of the following would most likely not be an example of an attribute?

cancel appointment

The person charged with actually planning and implementing the change necessary to support the implementation of a new system is known as a _____.

change agent

Ethan is considering the replacement of the existing network for his organization. He has projected organizational growth at 50% per year for the next five years. With this growth, many new employees will surely be hired and trained. He has received a large amount of money from a small business grant for the initial development. The architecture Ethan should select is _____.

client-server

A(n) _____ check is a type of input validation that determines if several fields have been entered before the form can be processed.

completeness

Which of the following are used to create objects?

concrete classes

_____ refers to the level of interdependency or interrelationship among the modules in a system.

coupling

The acronym CRUD stands for _____.

create, read, update, delete

A server in the client-server architecture performs which of the following application functions?

data access logic and data storage

If a use case becomes too complex, it should be _____.

decomposed into a set of use cases

In user interface design, use scenarios will _____.

describe the most frequent paths taken through the use cases

Cold turkey, big bang, and abrupt cut-over are alternative names for _____ conversion.

direct

Novice users prefer _____ while expert users prefer _____.

ease of learning, ease of use

Scalability refers to the _____.

easy increase or decrease of the storage and processing capabilities of the computer

Regular meetings of a systems project team _____.

encourage communication

One role of a Systems Analyst is to...

ensure the system conforms to information system standards

A major deliverable of the planning phase, which determines whether or not the development of the system is possible, is the...

feasibility analysis

Data may be stored in the following formats _____.

files and databases

The _____ layer contains, among other things, the classes that represent the fundamental data types.

foundation

The constraints and contracts in class and method design models were derived from the ____________ requirements and the problem domain representations.

functional

Activity diagrams, use-case descriptions, and use-case diagrams are three different representations for the ___________________.

functional model

The external behavior of a system is described by _____.

functional models

Training for a business system should focus on _____.

helping the users to accomplish their jobs

The layer that keeps the user interface implementation separate from the application or problem domain classes is the _____ layer.

human-computer interaction

A business Analyst role is to...

identify how the system will provide business value

When arranging actors and objects on a sequence diagram, it is nice to list them _____.

in order in which they participate in the sequence across the top of the diagram

There are three methods to create a new system. They are _____.

in-house custom application, buy a package, and external vender

The fundamental part of the user interface that permits the system to capture information is the _____ mechanism.

input

What are the two types of coupling in object-oriented systems?

interaction, inheritance

The six architecture characteristics that assist in selecting the proper architecture are cost of infrastructure, cost of development, ease of development, _____, _____, and _____.

interface capabilities, control and security, scalability

The most commonly used information-gathering technique is __.

interviewing

There are three different types of constraints typically captured in object-oriented design: preconditions, postconditions, and _____________.

invariants

Which of the following is the most costly aspect of the installation process?

maintenance

Adding people to a project team in order to speed up total development time _____.

may actually increase total development time

Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic functions of a computer application?

networking logic

The __ requirements are associated with the efficiency, maintainability, portability, reliability, reusability, testability, and usability quality dimensions.

non-functional

A behavioral state machine is a dynamic model that shows the different state through which a single _____ passes through its life in response to events, along with its responses and actions.

object

A(n) _____ is an instantiation of a class

object

This chapter suggested three representations that could be used for structural modeling: CRC cards, class diagrams, and ___________________.

object diagrams

The modeling focus of the interaction diagram is at the _____ level while the modeling focus on the class diagram is at the _____ level.

object, class

If real-time information is required by the information system, then the appropriate input processing mechanism is _____.

on-line processing

Sarah would like to give the interviewee more control over the interview and to gather rich information. She should ask __ questions.

open-ended

A(n) _____ of an analysis class is where the behavior of the class is defined.

operation

A(n) _____ use case is typically created early in the process of understanding the system requirements as a way of documenting basic information about the use case.

overview

The conversion style that recommends operating the new system alongside the old system for a trial period is known as _____.

parallel

A(n) _____ is the equivalent to a subsystem

partition

Which approach to system testing checks to see if the new system can handle high volumes of transactions?

performance

The ___________________ phase is the fundamental process of understanding why an information system should be built and determining how the project team will go about building it

planning

_____ means having the ability to send the same message to different objects, which can be interpreted differently by different objects.

polymorphism

The four elements commonly found on a system request are _____.

project sponsor, business need, business requirements, and business value

A(n) _____ check ensures that the numeric data entered is within the correct minimum or maximum values.

range

The process of ensuring that values linking tables together through the primary and foreign keys are valid and correctly synchronized is _____.

referential integrity

The calculation that measures the amount of money an organization receives in return for the money it spends is called the __________

return on investment

Which agile development approach is best described by: teams are self-organized and self directed

scrum

Analysts use _____ to show the objects that participate in a use case and the messages that pass between the objects over time for one particular use case.

sequence diagrams

The computing architecture in which the server performs practically all of the work is known as _____.

server-based architecture

A relational database may be optimized for _____.

storage efficiency and speed of access

An analyst depicts the static view of an information system with _____.

structural models

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of current object-relational databases?

support for inheritance

The _____ layer addresses how the software will execute on specific computers and networks.

system architecture

The process of refining the system to make sure that it continues to meet business and organizational needs is called _____.

system maintenance

The most comprehensive and complete deliverable of the analysis phase is __.

system proposal

Post-implementation activities include _____.

system support, system maintenance, and project assessment

The process of building new systems by combining packaged software, existing legacy systems, and new software written to integrate everything together is called _____.

systems integration

In order to approve a system request, the approval committee must know

the high-level functionality of the system.

When assigning programmers to a programming team, the best size of the team is _____.

the smallest number of people possible

There are three important factors to consider in selecting a conversion strategy: risk, cost, and _____________.

the time required

The event that causes a use case to begin is called a(n) _____.

trigger

A(n) _____ is a formal way of representing how a business system interacts with its environment.

use case

To avoid the classic design mistake of "feature creep," the analyst should _____.

use rapid application development techniques or timeboxing

To avoid the classic design mistake of "reducing the design time," the analyst should _____.

use timeboxing

Choose the term below that best defines the following prompt: "...is a description of a system's behavior as it responds to stimuli from its environment. "

use-case

___development offers a large gap between design and implementation, usually lending hand to a requirements freeze period.

waterfall

The installation of SAP to replace all of your legacy systems is an example of what type of conversion?

whole system