TEST 1

Jamie is getting in his car late at night when he notices someone swiftly approaching. Jamie experiences a flash of fear as his __________ nervous system prepares him for action. Once the stranger walks past and Jamie realizes that there was no danger, he calms down through the action of his __________ nervous system.

sympathetic; parasympathetic

Which lobe is correctly matched with its cortical area?

temporal- auditory cortex

Functionalist psychologists focus on the function of behavior and ________.

the operation of the whole mind rather than the individual parts

Sam is recovering from a small stroke. He has difficulty following rapidly changing conversations, and he does not seem to understand puns or sarcasm. Additionally, he has trouble recognizing the faces of his friends and acquaintances. The stroke may have damaged ____________________________________.

the right hemisphere

Research shows that people who smoke cigarettes are more likely to get lung cancer than those who do not smoke. This research alone demonstrates that ________.

there is a relationship between smoking and lung cancer

Which of the following exemplifies the unconditional positive regard component of client-centered therapy?

Abby tells her therapist that she tripped a small child who got in her way, and her therapist accepts this information without judgment',

Introspection refers to a process by which someone examines ________ as objectively as possible.

another person's consciousness

Susan has a degenerative disease which causes her to lose her balance easily and to move in a jerky and uncoordinated way. She cannot drink from a glass without spilling it or touch her toes without falling over. The disease is affecting her ___________.

cerebellum

Ashya wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. What area of psychology should she work in?

clinical psychology

Petra walks into a brightly lit Psychology lab to participate in an experiment involving the ability to perceive the colors of the rainbow. Which photoreceptors will be most useful during this experiment?

cones

Lucy wants to study changes in physical attributes, cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in ________ psychology.

developmental

The theory of ________ states that organisms that are better suited for their environment will survive and reproduce, while those that are poorly suited for their environment will die off.

evolution by natural selection

Which of the following is an example of an objective measure used by functionalists?.

examination of anatomy and physiology

When you watch the teacher at the front of the room, you are easily able to distinguish her from the white board (or chalk board) behind her. This demonstrates the Gestalt principle of ________.

figure-ground relationship

Select the correctly ordered list of psychological perspectives, with the earliest perspective listed first.

structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, humanism

Wendy's mother has blue eyes and her father has brown eyes. The allele for brown eye color is dominant (B) to the allele for blue eye color (b), but Wendy has blue eyes. Therefore, Wendy's ________ must be ________ and her father's must be Bb.

genotype; bb

Participants were instructed to focus on either white or black objects, disregarding the other color. When a red cross passed across the screen, about one-third of the subjects did not notice it. This research protocol demonstrates which concept?

inattentional blindness

Which of the following is NOT a central feature of Carl Rogers's client-centered therapy?

introspection

One example of ________ is the differences between hemispheres in the areas underlying language function.

lateralization

What kind of research is Saanvi conducting if she tracks six groups of participants, each group a different age, over several years, assessing them on her variable of interest once every six months?

longitudinal

Which structure if NOT part of the limbic system?

medulla

Dimitris is in a car accident and his parietal lobe is injured. Which of the following is the most likely behavioral effect of his accident?

no sensation in his legs and feet

Each of the following common habits/experiences can have a negative effect on hearing EXCEPT ______________________.

none of these. All are damaging.

Edmund wants to identify relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior, measure these traits, and determine how these traits interact in a particular context to determine how a person will behave in any given situation. Edmund wants to conduct research in the area of ________.

personality

In order to maximize the chances that experimental groups represent the population of interest, researchers should conduct ________ and ________.

random sampling; random group assignment

Stan and Jenny are in a psychology course that requires them to repeat an experiment that researchers have conducted in the past, in order to determine whether they produce the same results. This is called ________.

replication

The part of the eye that changes light energy into neural messages that are sent to the brain is the ____________________.

retina.

This part of the nervous system controls the skeletal muscles that give rise to voluntary movements.

Somatic nervous system

________ is/are often conducted with large numbers of participants and can even be conducted by phone, email, or mail.

Surveys

Which correlation coefficient best represents the strongest relationship showing fewer anxiety symptoms in people who report higher life satisfaction?

+0.13

.________ disparity refers to the slightly different view of the world that each eye receives, and is a distance cue that allows us to perceive the depth of a given visual stimulus.

Binocular

Which of the following exemplifies the empirical method?

Dr. Sarkeesian observes and records how watching cartoons influences heart rates.

Vinnie is standing on one leg with his arms in the air. The somatosensation sense helps keep him balanced so he has less chance of falling over.

False - Somatosenation does not help people stay balanced. It's used for sensory.

The scientific process is correlational, involving both inductive and deductive reasoning.

False - scientific process is correlational question. This is not true.

The two major divisions of the nervous system are the parasympathetic; and sympathetic nervous systems.

False, Sympathetic/Parasympathic question

The expression "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" would be most applicable to a person who studies ________ psychology, an older model that continues to influence areas like sensation and perception.

Gestalt

When Felicia smacks her thumb with a hammer the sense of nociception provides her brain with information about the pain she feels.

True - Felicia smacks her thumb, pain sense of nociception.

If the hypothalamus is damaged, a person will experience poor regulation of hunger and eating behavior.

True - Hypothalmus, hunger and eating behavior.

Pheromones are chemical messages that are often involved in providing information about the reproductive status of a potential mate.

True - Pheromones are chemical messages that are often involved in providing information about the reproductive status

The hum of the air conditioner is a constant sound that I don't notice after a while. I have experienced sensory adaptation.

True - Sensory Adaptation.

Studies that cannot ethically be conducted as experiments with typical human participants can sometimes be tested with animal studies.

True - Yes, you can test with animals.

In an experiment to test the effects of a diet pill on weight. The experimenter gives the diet pill, a monthly plan for exercise, and a monthly plan for meals to one group of subjects and a placebo pill, a monthly plan for exercise, and a monthly plan for meals to the other group. She then measures the weight of both groups at the end of the month. In this study, the experimental group did NOT receive what?

a placebo

Which word is the most appropriate synonym for the term validity?

accuracy

Dr. Mattar is interested in knowing more about brain injury to the occipital cortex, and he studies patients individually in order to gain in-depth knowledge about their behaviors. These studies would best be described as ________.

case studies

.Ravon is deaf. He was born without the ability to hear and has never experienced an auditory stimulus. When people write using "sound" type words like "loud," "soft," and "quiet," he sometimes has difficulty understanding what they are trying to convey. Ravon has ________ deafness.

congenital

An upper-level psychology class is conducting an experiment on racial prejudice that involves having participants rate the likeability of faces in a set of photos. However, they tell participants that the study is about the effects of aging on likeability. When participants are finished, they are thanked for their time and leave the experiment. In this example, the class forgot to ________ in order to resolve the ________ in the study.

debrief participants; deception

Professor Devine and her colleagues are interested in assessing whether active versus passive play causes a preference for sweet or salty foods in toddlers. They assign groups of children to either an active play, passive play- or no play- roup and record their food choices when presented with a variety of sweet and salty foods. In this study, ________ is the independent variable and ________ is the control group.

type of play; no play

In a skateboarding mishap, Wendy (who should have been wearing protective headgear) fell down and injured the very back of her head. Which of her senses is MOST likely impaired?

vision