test 2 adv

Victor regularly vapes and experiences cognitive dissonance when he reads a story about the association between vaping and death. Based on balance theory, Victor can engage in which of the following?

All of the Above

Which of the following are elements of multiattribute attitude models?

Both attributes and beliefs

Mark has decided he would like a standing desk. He is not familiar with standing desks, but his boss has one in his office. Mark calls his boss to see what brand he has and then does a narrowed search online at this brand. Mark has engaged in what type of search(s)?

Both media and interpersonal

________ refers to a strategy in which a message presents two or more specifically named or recognizably presented brands and evaluates them in terms of one or more specific attributes. Correct!

Comparative advertising

According to balance theory, when there is an unbalance between two attitude objects individuals prefer to ignore the imbalance instead of attempting to restore balance.

False

Claire is craving a sweet drink and remembers the uniquely wonderful taste that can only come from a frosty mug of root beer. Claire has just conducted what is called an external information search.

False

Hypermasculinity is associated with the notion that violence is not manly.

False

Most researchers believe the trait theory of personality to be a valid tool in predicting consumer behavior.

False

The three components of the ABC Model are affect, beliefs, and cognition.

False

Hannah was embarrassed when her friends teased her about dancing on a table on Friday night. She tried to tell her friends that she really is quite introverted and shy. Her friends observed that Hannah does not appear shy when she is out on a weekend evening. Which of the following statements is most applicable in understanding Hannah's personality?

Hannah's personality is a unique psychological makeup that consistently influences behavior within a certain environmental situation. Although behavior will be consistent within consistent environments, it does not have to be consistent between environments.

Maria loves to express herself through wearing colorful accessories. Her jewelry and scarves are best an example of which of the following?

Individual-level extended self

Norma Shields is a researcher investigating lifestyles of the rich and famous. This week she is examining articles on food, the media, fashion, and recreation. Which of the AIO categories does Norma seem to be working on now?

Interests

Roger was very upset when Coca-Cola attempted to switch from its older formula to New Coke. He wrote letters to Coca-Cola, talked to friends, called the local bottler, attempted to hoard "old Coke," and complained to the local grocery store manager. In this example, which degree of commitment would be most closely associated with Roger and his attitudes?

Internalization

Sustainability is an increasingly important consumer value in today's society. The retailer Whole Foods is aware of this and explicitly mentions their sustainable practices in advertisements. This is best an application of which attitude theory:

Multiattribute Model of Attitudes

________ are the use of psychological, sociological, and anthropological factors to determine how the market is segmented by the propensity of groups within the market (and their reasons) to make a particular decision about a product, person, ideology, or otherwise hold an attitude or use a medium.

Psychographics

Cappy's Coffee Café has a loyalty/reward program in which after a consumer makes five purchases, he or she gets one free. This is best an example of which type of persuasion strategy?

Reciprocity

Which of the following is considered to be the affective component of self-concept?

Self-esteem

Instead of spending the weekend working on the research paper due on Monday, Andrew decided to spend the weekend going out with friends. According to Freudian theory, which system dominated in Adam's decision?

The id

Social comparison is a basic human tendency.

True

Which attitude function is most closely related to instrumental learning?

Utilitarian function

Which of the following general attitude functions is most closely related to the basic principles of reward and punishment?

Utilitarian function

Annie is unhappy with her current body size and wants to lose weight. Annie is experiencing a discrepancy between her ___________ and ideal self.

actual self

Linda named her car Stella. When she describes her car to her friends she describes her car like it is a person. Linda has ________ her car.

anthropomorphized

Our culture's current fascination with novels and movies such as the Harry Potter Series and The Lord of the Rings, in which the magician and the patriarch triumph over the sorcerer and the dictator, is an example of ________.

archetypes

A consumer who is undergoing a high involvement effect of attitudes will begin by making a cognitive evaluation, which is followed by affect, and then behavior. This process is associated with what type of learning process that was discussed in chapter 4?

cognitive

Clever, a technology brand, often emphasizes the fact that their products are reliable, offer the latest technological developments, and are long-lasting. Which of the five core brand personalities does this best represent?

competent

The source of a message has an impact on whether the message will be accepted or not. Two particularly important source characteristics are ________.

credibility and attractiveness

According to the ________ hierarchy of effects, a consumer considers purchases based on an attitude of hedonic consumption.

experiential

Jessica feels sad and decides to go shopping. She purchases several clothing items at a local retailer. Afterward, Jessica realizes how much money she spent and feels bad. This is an example of the _______________.

experiential hierarchy

Mary Jane is a very conservative businesswoman by day. However, when she decides to "go out on the town," she likes to party and "kick up her heels." This would be an example of a reaction due to the fact that many consumers ________.

have multiple selves

College student Jeff Barnes sees his future self as a rich banker who drives a Mercedes. This fantasy is an expression of the ________.

ideal self

Through the process of ________, people try to control what others think of them by strategically choosing clothing and other products that will convey a specific image.

impression management

Traditionally, most research has suggested that exposure to the thin-ideal results in a(n) ___________ relationship between consumer evaluations of the ad and the self.

inverse

The ________ function of attitudes applies when a person is in an ambiguous situation and needs order, structure, or meaning.

knowledge

Both Justin and Craig are business majors and live in the same dorm, but Justin's room has fishing trophies on the wall and pictures of fishing trips across the study desk, while Craig's room features posters of his favorite musical group. The difference between the two rooms reflects a difference in ________ between Justin and Craig.

lifestyle

Nancy has been smoking for 15 years. However, after speaking to her doctor, she has decided to quit smoking and is confident in her ability to do so. This is best an example of:

self-efficacy

The Nike commercial that was shown in class is best an example of ___________

self-efficacy

The _______________ theory of attitude formation assumes that consumers observe and analyze their behavior to infer attitudes.

self-perception

Dr. Pounders presented some of her research on consumer reactions to models depicted in the media. One of her findings suggested that some consumers were frustrated that the female models were depicted in an overtly sexual manner. This is best an example of what concept?

the male gaze

The __________ theory of personality is predominantly used today to examine consumer behavior.

trait