TEST 3

What is the average length of time for the treatment of major depressive disorder with ECT? A) 2-6 weeks B) 15 weeks C) 20 weeks D) indefinite

A) 2-6 weeks

someone who fasts or exercises strenuously following a binge is engaging in: A) compensatory behaviors B) purging C) enmeshment D) exposure and response prevention

A) compensatory behaviors

Family pedigree and twin studies have been used to look for a genetic predisposition for unipolar depression. These studies have found: A) a lower rate of unipolar depression among children of parents with this disorder B) a higher than chance rate of depression among families of depressed patients C) high rates of unipolar depression among dizygotic twins but not among monozygotic twins D) no compelling evidence for depression to be found in relatives of a depressed individual

B) a higher than chance rate of depression among families of depressed patients

When answering the telephone of a suicide hotline, the first step for the counselor is to: A) formulate a plan B) establish a positive relationship C) understand and clarify the problem D) asses the caller's suicide potential

B) establish a positive relationship

Relapses of bulimia are MOST likely to occur following: A) exposure to other bulimics B) life stress C) periods of stomach sickness D) Christmas and other holidays

B) life stress

One problem with analogue (animal) studies of depression is that: A) people from different cultural backgrounds show different symptoms of depression B) one cannot be sure depression-like symptoms in lab animals reflect human depression C) computers are presently unable to simulate depressive symptoms as human experience those symptoms D) genetic correlation studies don't necessarily demonstrate causal links between genes and depression

B) one cannot be sure depression-like symptoms in lab animals reflect human depression

A behavioral therapist is MOST likely to use which of the following in treating a patient with unipolar depression? A) electroconvulsive treatments B) praise for engaging in positive activities C) insight into the underlying problems D) identification of distorted thinking and negative biases

B) praise for engaging in positive activities

Which of the following occupations has a particularly high rate of suicide? A) used-car salespeople B) psychologists C) priests D) gourmet chefs

B) psychologists

One of the factors that is believed to account for difference in the suicide rates of different countries is: A) climate B) religious affiliation and beliefs C) prevalence of mental disorders D) governmental regulations regarding suicide

B) religious affiliation and beliefs

The peak age range for the development of anorexia nervosa is: A) 7-10 B) 10-13 C) 14-18 D) 20-25

C) 14-18

If you had high blood pressure, you would want to especially careful when using: A) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors B) tricyclics C) MAO inhibitors D) second-generation antidepressants

C) MAO inhibitors

One of the side effects of ECT is: A) mania B) psychosis C) memory loss D) intensification of the depression

C) memory loss

Some so-called second-generation antidepressants appear to act by: A) destroying MAO B) facilitating the reuptake process C) selectively blocking the reuptake of serotonin D) blocking the reuptake processes of all neurotransmitters more completely

C) selectively blocking the reuptake of serotonin

According to Hilde Bruch, which of the following would characterize ineffective parents whose children are prone to eating disorders? A) they feed children crying from hunger and comfort ones crying from fear B) they feed children too much, regardless of whether they are crying or not C) they decide when the child is hungry and misinterpret the actual condition of their children D) they fail to comfort their children at all

C) they decide when the child is hungry and misinterpret the actual condition of their children

If current trends concerning the body images of African American women and white American women continue, we would expect in the future that: A) white American women would become more like African american women B) the body images of white American women would become more realistic C) African American culture would become more influential among white Americans D) African American women would show increasing body image dissatisfaction

D) African American women would show increasing body image dissatisfaction

Which of the following is MOST at risk for an eating disorder? A) a college women who is a non-athlete B) a women lower on the socioeconomic scale C) an African-American woman D) a gymnast

D) a gymnast

The first step in treating anorexia nervosa is: A) correct family coping patterns B) resolve unresolved oral conflicts C) correct maladaptive thought patterns D) help the person start to regain the lost weight

D) help the person start to regain the lost weight

If a biochemical imbalance were the cause of a person's depression, the latest research would us to expect to find that person to have: A) an abnormality in the activity of certain neurotransmitters, especially serotonin and norepinephrine B) especially high levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine and acetylcholine, and their metabolites C) particularly low levels of the neurotransmitters cortisol and melatonin, as measured by their metabolites D) an absence of the neurotransmitters cortisol and serotonin

A) an abnormality in the activity of certain neurotransmitters, especially serotonin and norepinephrine

Similarities between bulimia and anorexia include: A) both intend to begin after a period of dieting among people afraid of becoming obese B) both involve reluctance to think about food, weight, or appearance C) both involve an underestimation of one's weight and body size D) both tend to be related to personality disorders

A) both intend to begin after a period of dieting among people afraid of becoming obese

Sylvia shot herself by placing the gun barrel in her mouth, in the middle of a dense wood, where she knew she wouldn't be heard or found. Sylvia is an example of what Edwin Shneidman refers to as: A) death seeker B) death initiator C) death ignorer D) death darer

A) death seeker

Behaviorists explain the downward spiral of depression by theorizing that: A) depressed behavior leads to even fewer opportunities for social rewards B) depressed people aren't responsive to normal social rewards C) depressed family members give inaccurate self-reports D) depressed mood cannot alleviate by positive experiences

A) depressed behavior leads to even fewer opportunities for social rewards

Abnormal "ion activity" has been found in many people suffering from bipolar disorder. This ion activity is responsible for transforming messages: A) down the length of a neuron B) from one neuron to one neuron C) from neuron to a muscle or gland D) down the length of a muscle

A) down the length of a neuron

When a rash of suicides occurs in the aftermath of a celebrity's suicide, or a case that has been highly publicized by the media, behavioral theorists believe it is attribute to: A) modeling B) helplessness C) folie a duex D) hopelessness

A) modeling

Anorexic individuals often show which of the following personality characteristics? A) obsessions B) low anxiety C) multiple phobias D) episodes of mania

A) obsessions

The preoccupation with food characteristic of anorexia nervosa is thought to: A) result from starvation B) be the cause of the disorder C) be more pronounced in younger children with anorexia D) result from overeating

A) result from starvation

The strongest evidence for the cause of bipolar disorders BEST supports which theoretical perspective? A) cognitive B) biological C) behavioral D) humanistic

B) biological

Which of the following is a medical condition MORE common in bulimia than anorexia? A) amenorrhea B) dental problems C) high potassium levels in the blood D) growth of immature body hair

B) dental problems

Salvador Minuchin describes a family system in which members are overly involved in each other's affairs as a(n): A) interrelationary pattern B) enmeshed family pattern C) homeostatic pattern D) dysfunctionally interdependent system

B) enmeshed family pattern

Why do many people think that estimates of the rates of suicide are inaccurate? A) Insurance companies pay extra life insurance in cases of suicide B) Many reported suicides are probably really accidents C) The stigma associated with suicide make people hesitate to report it D) Suicide is not a DSM-5 category

C) The stigma associated with suicide make people hesitate to report it

A society that loses its basic family and religious core values, experiences large-scale immigration of people with very different values, and fails to provide meaning for the life of its people, is in danger of an increase in what Emile Durkinheim calls: A) egotistic suicide B) altruistic suicide C) anomic suicide D) intragroup suicide

C) anomic suicide

What appears to be the KEY factor in determining the types of food that are likely to be eaten in a binge? A) oral stimulation through crunchiness B) high protein through meat C) minimal chewing with soft texture D) taste of food

C) minimal chewing with soft texture

it is common that the majority of people who commit suicidal acts also have another psychological disorder. Which would be the MOST common disorder associated with suicidal attempts? A) eating disorders B) dissociative disorders C) mood disorders D) attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder

C) mood disorders

According to Freudian theory, depression results in part from: A) learned helplessness B) irrational expectations C) regression to the oral stage D) learned anxiety turned inward

C) regression to the oral stage

The central feature of bulimia nervosa is: A) excessive dieting and weight loss B) fanatic exercising preceded by binge eating C) purging either by vomiting or use of laxatives D) binge eating following by a compensatory behavior

D) binge eating following by a compensatory behavior

Apparently, tricyclics work by: A) blocking the production of norepinephrine and serotonin B) blocking the reuptake of the tricyclic by the neurotransmitter C) blocking the ingestion of the tricyclic D) blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin

D) blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin

If you were treated with ECT, you would experience a(n): A) reuptake of serotonin B) insulin-induced coma C) increase in energy and creativity D) brain seizure

D) brain seizure

Ernest Hemingway was physically strong, proud man who developed great concern about his failing body. Depressed about his progressive illness, he intentionally ended his life. Edwin Shneidman would term Hemingway a: A) death darer B) death seeker C) death ignorer D) death initiator

D) death initiator

For people with bulimia nervosa, binge episodes produce feelings of: A) control B) satisfaction C) anxiety and mania D) guilt and depression

D) guilt and depression

Which of the following is true about the research on the effectiveness of interpersonal psychotherapy in treating unipolar depression? A) it is less effective than placebo treatments B) The research has not provided consistent results on this issue C) it is more effective in group than individual therapy sessions D) it is similar to cognitive therapy in effectiveness

D) it is similar to cognitive therapy in effectiveness

What is the cause of death in the majority of male suicides in the United States? A) hanging B) car accidents C) drug overdose D) use of guns

D) use of guns