Test 3- Theories of Personality

In helping clients to examine their mistaken goals and faulty assumptions, an Adlerian therapist does not use:

interpretation of the transference relationship.

According to Gestalt theory, all of the following are true about contact except:

withdrawal after a good contact experience indicates neurosis.

Which of the following is not true about Gestalt techniques?

Correct Experiments are always carried out during the therapy session, rather than outside it.

Which of the following is not true about Fritz Perls?

During his childhood, he was a model student.

Which of the statements below regarding emotion-focused therapy (EFT) is not true?

EFT was developed by Fritz Perls' wife, Laura.

Who among the following is not considered a relational Gestalt therapist?

Fritz Perls

Which of the following statements is not true about Alfred Adler?

His early childhood was happy.

Adler chose the name ____for his theoretical approach because:

Individual Psychology; he wanted to avoid reductionism.

Who is primarily credited with popularizing and extending Adler's work by applying Adlerian principles to group work?

Rudolph Dreikurs

The statement "Only when I receive everyone's approval will I be whole" is an example of:

a guiding self-ideal.

In Gestalt theory, the experiment is considered:

a theoretical proposition crafted to fit the client's unique needs.

All of the following are life tasks that Adler taught we must successfully master except for:

achieving self-actualization

Contemporary Gestalt therapists view client resistance as:

an element of therapy that needs to be respected.

"Fictional finalism" is an Adlerian term meaning:

an imagined central goal that guides our behavior.

All of the following are stages in Adlerian counseling except

analysis of resistance

Which of the following techniques is not used in Adlerian family counseling?

analyzing resistances between members of the family

Empirical support for Gestalt therapy is

becoming stronger.

The premise of Adlerian group work is that:

clients' problems are usually of a social nature.

Because of his need to be liked, Jose makes careful efforts to get along with everyone and minimizes interpersonal conflicts. Which boundary disturbance is Jose exhibiting?

confluence.

According to Adlerians, inferiority feelings:

create motivation to achieve mastery.

Adler taught that we must successfully master three universal life tasks. Which of the following is not one of these tasks?

enhancing wellness

Field theory suggests that:

everything in human experience is relational and in constant flux.

Dr. Jones told Emily that her efforts to overcome her fear of test taking at school will most likely lead her to outperform all of her classmates one day. This intervention:

was inappropriate because Dr. Jones was confusing Adler's notion of superiority with the idea that her client would become superior over others.

The paradoxical theory of behavior change suggests:

we change through becoming aware of who we currently are.

Which of these statements is not true about Alfred Adler?

Alfred Adler has been criticized by intellectuals for failing to give his brother Edmund due credit for helping him develop his theory.

Often Greta, who struggles to feel good about herself, comes to sessions with slouched posture. In order to help Greta gain a clearer understanding of the inner meaning of her slouched posture, a Gestalt therapist might:

ask Greta to exaggerate her poor posture, which is likely to intensify her feelings attached to it.

Which of the following is not considered one of the six methodological components of Gestalt therapy?

assessment

Gestalt therapy is a form of:

existential therapy.

Which of the following did Adler not stress?

focus on early childhood experiences as determinants of later personality functioning

Adlerian therapy has a phenomenological orientation. Thus, the therapist attempts to view the world:

from the client's frame of reference.

Adlerians view the use of techniques in counseling as:

geared to the phase of therapy and the needs of the client.

Which of the following Gestalt techniques involves asking one person in a group to speak to each of the other group members?

making the rounds

Which of the following would an Adlerian therapist particularly value?

modeling of communication and acting in socially minded ways

The Gestalt therapist:

pays attention to the client's nonverbal language.

Which of the following is not one of Miriam Polster's three stages in her integration sequence?

reunification

Mariah tells her therapist, a Gestaltist, that she dreamt she got married to a pit bull and felt uneasy about telling her parents that she married a dog. When her parents discovered their son-in-law was a pit bull, they disowned her and suddenly became dogs themselves. In response to this dream, Mariah's therapist:

should assist her client in reliving the dream as though it was happening in the now and have her become each part of the dream.

The Adlerian approach is well suited to multicultural counseling because:

the approach encourages clients to define themselves within their social context.

When a person experiences an internal conflict (namely a conflict between top dog and underdog), which of the following techniques would be most appropriate?

the internal dialogue exercise

Which child is most likely to demand center stage, tends to have difficulties in life when he or she is no longer the center of attention, and is likely to become dependently tied to the mother?

the only child

A Gestalt technique that is most useful when a person attempts to deny an aspect of his or her personality (such as tenderness) is:

the reversal exercise.

When Adler spoke of individuality, he referred to:

the unique way we develop our own style of striving for competence.