Test 5: Perfusion

The client is on strict bed rest following hip surgery. What nursing intervention would support vascular health and reduce risk of DVT?

Have the client alternately flex and extend the feet several times a day

In which of the following positions should the nurse place a client with suspected heart failure?

High fowler's position

Which of the following lipid abnormalities is a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis and PVD?

High levels of LDL cholesterol

A common abnormal lab result associated with the development of PVD?

High serum lipid levels

Which of the following nursing diagnoses would be appropriate for a client with heart failure?

Ineffective tissue perfusion related to decreased peripheral blood flow secondary to decreased cardiac output. Decreased cardiac output related to structural and functional changes

Essential hypertension would be diagnosed in a 40 year old male whose blood pressure readings were consistently at or above which of the following?

140/90 mmHg

After the physician explains the prognosis and medical management for atrial septal defect to a primipara client whose 2 day old female neonate was diagnosed with this condition, the nurse determines that the mother needs further instructions when she says which of the following?

About half of the children born with this defect heal spontaneously

An overweight client taking warfarin has a nursing diagnosis of ineffective tissue perfusion relate to decreased arterial blood flow. What should the nurse instruct to client to do?

Apply lanolin or petroleum jelly to intact skin. Encourage a reduced calorie, reduced fat diet Inspect the involved areas daily for new ulcerations. Use an electric razor to shave vs a straight blade

When teaching a client with heart failure about preventing complications and future hospitalizations, which problems stated by the client as reasons to call the physician would indicate to the nurse that the client has understood teaching?

Becoming increasingly short of breath at rest Weight gain of 3 lbs or more in 1 day Having to sleep sitting up in a reclining chair

A 69 year old female has a history of heart failure. She is admitted to the emergency department with heart failure complicated by pulmonary edema. On admission of this client, which of the following should the nurse assess first?

Blood pressure

A client is prescribed metoprolol for a heart disorder. What should the nurse teach the client about this medication?

Change positions slowly

Mr. Thomas is being assessed for PVD. He complains of aching pain for past 6 months. His skin feels warm and there is edema preset. He has a pedal pulse. His skin appears thick and dry/scaly. What condition would his signs and symptoms indicate?

Chronic venous PVD

During an assessment of neonate born at 33 weeks gestation, a nurse finds and reports a murmur. An echocardiogram reveals ductus arteriosus, for which the neonate received indomethacin, an expected outcome after the administration of indomethacin to neonate with patent ductus arteriosus is:

Closure of a patent ductus arteriosus

Which of the following sets of conditions is an indication that the client with a history of left-sided heart failure is developing pulmonary edema?

Coarse crackles and tachycardia

The client has a long history of hypertension and has developed heart failure. The nurse would anticipate giving medications to do which of the following

Decrease afterload

Which of the following factors is the most important in determining the resistance of a vessel?

Diameter of the vessel

The nurse is planning care for a pediatric client recovering from surgery to repair a congenital heart defect. Which intervention should the nurse include to support the client's fluid status?

Envourage fluids

An infant is being prepared for surgical repair of a ventricular septal defect. Which of the following problems will be prevented by closing the defect?

Failure to thrive

The nurse's discharge teaching plan for the client with heart failure should stress the significance of which of the following?

Obtaining daily weights at the same time each day

Cardiac catheterization has shown that the infant has a malformation of the mitral valve. the nurse specifically monitors the client for the development of problems associated with delivery of which of the following?

Oxygenated blood to the body

A client is admitted with complaints of lower extremity edema and occasional shortness of breath. Which electrocardiogram finding supports that the client is at risk for an alteration in perfusion?

PR interval 0.30 seconds

Which of the following foods should the nurse teach a client with heart failure to avoid or limit when following 2 grams of sodium diet>

Tomato juice

A client with peripheral vascular disease has chronic severe pre-tibial and ankle edema bilaterally. Because the client is on complete bed rest and circulation is compromised, one goal is to maintain tissue integrity. Which of the following interventions will help achieve this outcome?

Turning the client every 1-2 hours

A nurse is assessing a client with heart failure. The nurse asses the client based on which compensatory mechanisms that are activated in the presence of heart failure?

Ventricular hypertrophy Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system sympathetic nervous stimulation

A client with chronic failure and has atrial fibrillation. The client is taking warfarin. the expected outcome of this drug is to:

prevent thrombus formation

Clients with heart failure are prone to atrial fibrillation. During physical assessment, the nurse should suspect atrial fibrillation when palpation of the radial pulse reveals:

an irregular pulse rhythm

The client admitted with PVD asks the nurse why her legs hurt when she walks. The nurses bases a response on the knowledge the main characteristic of PVD is:

decreased blood flow

How might a client feel with atrial flutter/fibrillation?

fatigue, shortness of breath, heart flutter and unable to perform ADLs

The major goal of therapy for a client with heart failure and pulmonary edema should be to:

increase cardiac output

The nurse is caring for a term neonate who is diagnoses with patent ductus arteriosus. While performing a physical exam of the neonate, the nurse anticipates that the neonate will exhibit which of the following?

loud cardiac murmurs through systole and diastole

When teaching the client about complications of atrial fibrillation, the nurse understands that the complications can be caused by:

stasis of blood in the atria

Which of the following is an important regulator of blood flow in the peripheral circulation of the human body?

sympathetic nervous system

Captopril an ACE inhibitor, may be administered to a client with heart failure because it acts as a :

vasodilator