Testing 3 Online Test (Experienced level)
Software testing activities should start ... - As soon as code is written. - During design stage. - When requirements have been formally documented. - As soon as possible in development lifecycle.
ANS : As soon as possible in development lifecycle.
What are histograms commonly known as; - Pie chart - Scatter plots - Bar charts - None of the above
ANS : Bar charts
Software review falls under what category of Cost of quality? - Preventive - Appraisal - Failure
ANS : Preventive
What does the following situation mean in a tester's experience? > If they find more bugs - they are blamed for delayed the project; Developers are not happy and they become defensive > If they find less bugs - They are blamed for poor quality; Test manager is not happy Options - They are in a win-win situation - They are in win-lose situation - They are in lose-win situation - They are in lose-lose situation
ANS : They are in lose-lose situation
Alpha test is conducted at one or more customer sites by the end-user of the software. True False
ANS : True
Alpha tests are conducted in a _____ environment. Controlled Un-controlled
ANS: Controlled
What is the ratio of effort needed to fixing a defect in requirement phase, design phase, coding phase and implementing phase? Options - 1:4:7:10 - 1:6:10:1000 - 1:8:12:100 - 1:10:100:1000
CORRECT ANSWER : 1:6:10:1000 Solution: Efforts needed to fix a defect is fully depended on when we get the defect or in which phase of development. If we got the defect as soon as possible in the development life cycle then it requires fewer efforts for fixing that defect. For example if we get the defect in design phase then it take more effort than requirement phase, but take less effort than coding phase.
Motorola's objective of reaching "Six Sigma" translates into _______ defective parts per million Options - 3.6 - 6.3 - 3.3 - 6.6
CORRECT ANSWER : 3.6 Discussion : Six sigma is introduced by Motorola. A data driven approach and methodology for eliminating defects or issues. If any organization want to achieve six sigma goal then company has to achieve six sigma defect rate of 3.6 defective parts per million. Define-measure -Analyze -improve-control
Software testing accounts for what % of software development costs? Options - 10-20 - 40-50 - 70-80 - 50-50
CORRECT ANSWER : 40-50 Discussion : Generally, Cost of software testing is 40 to 50 % of total cost. But sometimes cost depends on the organization to organization, project to project and the requirement to requirement.
Pareto charts commonly known as ____ - 80-20 - Scatter plots - Check sheet - None of the above
CORRECT ANSWER : 80-20
You are told to prepare a report on most commonly occuring product defects. Review the software defect reports, which categorize defects as coding errors, requirement errors, documentation errors, etc. Best tool to report this information is Options - A histogram - A Pareto diagram - A cause and effect diagram - A scatterplot
CORRECT ANSWER : A histogram
For black-box testing, Options - Tester is completely unconcerned about internal behavior of the program - Tester is concerned with finding circumstances in which program does not behave according to specifications - Test data is derived solely from specifications - All of the above
CORRECT ANSWER : All of the above Discussion: In Black-box testing, internal structure of the program is not considered. Tester only knows the inputs that are given to the system and check output of system as per the requirement or specification by using the different type of test data that is derived solely from the specification or requirement.
Which Debugging technique is most used for debugging in small software? Options - Brute Force - Induction - Back tracking - Cause elimination
CORRECT ANSWER : Back tracking Solution: Brute Force is a common debugging technique, but it is least efficient for solving the problems. Induction is also known as Cause elimination. Back Tracking technique is mostly use for small projects. It starts from the location where problem occurred and move to backward. Cause elimination is also known as induction and deduction. This approach uses the concept of binary partitioning.
You are performing a test to see that it complies with the user requirement that a certain field be populated by using a drop down box containing a list of values. What kind of testing are you doing? Options - White box testing - Black box testing - Load testing - Regression testing
CORRECT ANSWER : Black box testing Discussion: White box testing is done to verify the internal source code of the application. Black box testing is done by executing the software and test cases and it also compares Actual result with Expected result. Load testing is a performance testing that is used to analyze system behavior under normal and abnormal condition. Regression testing is performed after doing some fixes to ensure that change code does not introduce any defect in unchanged area.
Tester is executing a test to evaluate that it complies with the user requirement that a certain field be populated by using a dropdown box containing a list of values. Tester is performing: Options - White-box testing - Black-box testing - Load testing - Regression testing
CORRECT ANSWER : Black-box testing Discussion: Black box testing is done by test engineer, where test engineer check each and every module of application and application is functionality working or not.
White box testing is not concern with: Options - Statement coverage. - Decision coverage. - Cause and effect coverage. - Multiple condition coverage.
CORRECT ANSWER : Cause and effect coverage. Discussion: Statement coverage - used to calculate the coverage of the statements and for identifying all true condition and the conditions should be executed at least one time. Decision Coverage statement is used to calculate decision coverage and to identify all statements of decision condition and should be executed at least once. Cause and effect coverage term is not used in White box testing. Multiple condition coverage: used to evaluate all the combination of condition.
Statistical technique to assess, monitor and maintain the stability of a process is - Pareto chart - Control chart - Run chart - Histogram
CORRECT ANSWER : Control chart
Bug status is set to postpone due to: Options - Priority of that bug may low. - Lack of time for the release. - Bug may not be the major effect in the software. - Data may be unavailable.
CORRECT ANSWER : Data may be unavailable.
Which is not the part of Specification testing? Options - Equivalence Partitioning - Decision Tables - Decision - Use Case Testing
CORRECT ANSWER : Decision
Which is the odd one out? Options - Error Guessing - Walkthrough - Data flow analysis - Inspections
CORRECT ANSWER : Error Guessing Discussion : Walkthrough, Data flow analysis and Inspection are Static Analysis technique that is used to verify or analysis the requirement or code of the application without executing system. Error Guessing is a Black box testing technique that is used to test the system or application based on tester's experience.
QA is a process by which product quality is compared with applicable standards, and the action taken when non-conformance is detected. - True or False
CORRECT ANSWER : False
Effectiveness is doing things right and efficiency is doing the right things. Options- True or False
CORRECT ANSWER : False Doing things right (Efficiency) VS Doing the right things (Effectiveness) "Efficiency is doing things right; effectiveness is doing the right things," Peter Drucker, known as the "Father of Modern Management," famously said. While improving efficiency MEANS doing things faster, using fewer resources, in fewer steps, effectiveness means aligning improvements to the way you work to high-level corporate goals. Instead of efficiency for efficiency's sake, increasing effectiveness requires taking a more focused and strategic approach.
___is an existing defect that has not yet caused a failure because the conditions that is required to invoke the defect is not meet. Options - Masked defect - Latent defect - Both of these - None of these
CORRECT ANSWER : Latent defect Discussion: Masked defect is an Undetected defect that is prevented by other defect. Latent Defect is also known as Hidden defect, found after the delivery of the application because the condition that is required to invoke the defect is not meet.
Decision/Branch coverage strategy, Options - Always satisfies statement coverage - Is used in black box testing - Means that every branch direction is traversed at least once - Is the same as condition coverage
CORRECT ANSWER : Means that every branch direction is traversed at least once Discussion: Decision coverage or branch coverage is a White box testing techniques that is used to calculate coverage of the decision statements. Decision statement like If statement, it has 2 exits one is true and second is false, in decision coverage we determine that every exit or statement of decision should be traversed at least once.
On opening a link on website, user is getting a message "This section of our web site is currently under construction". Which type of error is this? Options - Functional error. - Structural error. - URL error. - None of these.
CORRECT ANSWER : None of these. Solution: Error occurs in functionality of the application or system, is known as Functional error. Error occurs in internal structure or code of the system, that defect is known as Structural error. If we are not able to access the website due to error in DNA, Spelling mistake in URL, this type of error is known as URL error.
To which phase will training cost fall? - Failure - Prevention - Build - Appraisal
CORRECT ANSWER : Prevention
Pareto analysis is most effective for Options - Ranking items by importance - Showing relationships between items - Measuring the impact of identified items - Ranking items by size/quantity
CORRECT ANSWER : Ranking items by importance Solution: Pareto analysis is a common statistical technique used for analyzing causes and quality management, also known as 80-20 Rule. This technique is used to rank items according to the importance on the basis of which cause should be resolved first.
A quantitative measurement used to determine test completion is Options - Defect measurement - Requirements coverage - Statistical analysis - Mean time to failure
CORRECT ANSWER : Requirements coverage
In quantifying risk, the term RE represents Options - Risk expense - Related expense - Risk exposure - Risk evaluation
CORRECT ANSWER : Risk exposure Discussion : Quantifying Risk is used to analyze impact of the risk. RE represents the risk exposure and also called risk impact. RE is defined by the probability of the risk and the loss.
Process of identifying the kinds of software failures that can occur and then quantifying how likely it is that they will actually occur is Options - Configuration management - Risk management - Contingency planning - Process improvement
CORRECT ANSWER : Risk management
_____ is an application of a process management and quality improvement concepts to software development and maintenance. - Malcom -Baldridge - ISO 9000 - SEI/CMM - QSI4000
CORRECT ANSWER : SEI/CMM Discussion : ISO 9000 is used to establish and maintain a quality assurance system for manufacturing and service industries. SEI/CMM: The Capability Maturity Model is a development model that is used to process management and quality improvement concepts especially for the software development and maintenance. QSI4000: QSI4000 is not a type of standards used for the development. Malcom-Baldridge: Malcolm baldrige, It is an award used for the manufacturing companies.
Confidence testing refers to: Options - Smoke testing - Retesting - Regression testing - All of these.
CORRECT ANSWER : Smoke testing Solution: Smoke testing is also known as Normal health checkup or Confidence testing. It is done to verify whether main and critical functionality are working fine or not. Retesting is also known as Confirmation testing- performed by tester to verify that defect or bug has been successfully removed or not. Regression testing is performed after fixing defects, to ensure the change code has not affected the unchanged area of build.
'V' represents : - Verification and validation - Static testing and Dynamic testing - Black box and white box testing - Software development process and Software testing process
CORRECT ANSWER : Software development process and Software testing process
Testing beyond normal operational capacity is: Options - Load testing - Performance testing - Stress testing - All of these
CORRECT ANSWER : Stress testing Discussion: answer should be "All of these". Because Stress testing means -Testing beyond Max operational capacity to the point from where performance goes down. "Beyond Normal operational capacity to max operational capacity is Load testing. and these two type of testing are the part of Performance testing.
Test Readiness review is conducted by - Project manager - Test manager - Quality assurance personnel - User/Customer
CORRECT ANSWER : Test manager
What is the relation between testing and quality assurance? Options - QA is part of a complete testing process - Testing and QA are two terms for the same thing - Testing is part of a complete QA process - QA and Testing are completely different
CORRECT ANSWER : Testing is part of a complete QA process Discussion: QA is a process - to develop high quality software. - to evaluate the procedure, standards, Techniques and strategy that is used to develop software. Testing is a part of QA process to identify defect, error or bug in the develop product or software.
Boundary value testing, Options - Same as Equivalence partitioning tests - Tests boundary conditions on, above and below the edges of input and output equivalence classes - Tests combinations of input circumstances - Used in White box testing strategy
CORRECT ANSWER : Tests boundary conditions on, above and below the edges of input and output equivalence classes Discussion: Boundary value testing is a Black box testing technique, - Used to create test cases by using boundary values. - Used to test boundary condition by taking min. and max. value of each equivalence classes.
Which is NOT the functional test case of the pencil? Options - If eraser is attached properly. - Easy to sharpen - Pencil should not be sharpened. - Length and breadth of the pencil.
CORRECT ANSWER : The pencil should not be sharpened. Solution: Functional Test cases are - Written on the basis of client's perspective. - Used to verify functional and non functional requirement of the system. Functional test cases of the Pencil: Easy to sharpen, Length and breadth of the pencil, eraser is attached properly.
Component Drivers are not needed by: Options - Big-bang - Top down - Modified top down - Modified sandwich
CORRECT ANSWER : Top down Discussion: Drivers are utilized in Bottom-up (Integration) testing where it calls a components to be tested and in Top-down approach stubs are utilized .
Two types of Incremental testing approaches are top down and bottom up approach. - True or False
CORRECT ANSWER : True
STLC is related to which model? Options - Waterfall model. - RAD model - V Model. - Spiral model.
CORRECT ANSWER : V Model.
When to stop testing? Options - When you run out of time - All test cases are done - When quality goals established in the beginning of the project are met - When all bugs are fixed
CORRECT ANSWER : When quality goals established in the beginning of the project are met
onBlur field Validation runs: Options - When we click on Submit button - When we starts Entering the data. - After Entering the data. - None of these.
CORRECT ANSWER : When we click on submit button
Auxiliary code which sets up an appropriate environment and calls the module is termed as -Driver -Function -Stub -None of the above
Driver
If measurement taken by 2 people are same refers to the term as -Reliability -Validity -Calibration -Ease of use and simplicity
Reliability
Function point is a measure of -Effort -Complexity -Usability -Size
Size
Isolation is a method through which defects causing intermittent failures are captured. - True/False
True
Largest cost of quality is from production failure. - True or False
True
