Texas history.
Based on their geographic location, which Texas Native American tribe would most likely have had contact with large Central American civilizations, such as the Aztecs? A Coahuiltecan B Comanche C Tonkawa D Caddo
A Coahuiltecan The Coahuiltecan Indians lived in southern Texas and probably extended their living range into northern Mexico. They are most likely to have contact with the Central American civilizations, which were in southern North America and South America.
Barbara Jordan is notable as the first Southern African American woman elected to which of the following offices? A House of Representatives B Vice President C US Senate D Governor of Texas
A House of Representatives In 1973, Barbara Jordan became the first Southern African American woman elected to the United States House of Representatives.
Which of the following led to an increase in the number of Americans settling in Texas? A Moses Austin secured a empresarial grant B Mexico banning new immigration into Texas by settlers from the United States C Spain began explorations of what is now Texas D Ma Ferguson's election as the first female governor of Texas
A Moses Austin secured a empresarial grant In 1822, Moses Austin secured an empresarial grant and the "Old Three Hundred" Americans settled Texas.
Which of the following describes a result of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo 1848? A Most of the Mexico's northern lands became part of the United States. B There was an increase in the number of Native Americans dying from European diseases. C The rancho system was created. D The U.S. Congress declared war on Mexico.
A Most of the Mexico's northern lands became part of the United States. The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo officially ended the Mexican-American War. Part of the treaty gave the United States control over most of Mexico's northern lands.
Which of the following resolved the disagreement between Mexico and the United States regarding the location of the southern border of Texas? A The Mexican-American War B The Missouri Compromise C The U.S annexation of Texas D The Texas Revolution
A The Mexican-American War The Mexican-American War ended with the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, which led to the admittance of the land of California into the Union as a free state without a balancing slave state. This upset the balance of free states and slave states.
Which of the following best describes the importance of the Battle of the Alamo? A The Texas army was reinvigorated and inspired by the bravery of the men who fell at the Battle of the Alamo. B The Texas army was overwhelmed by the loss and retreated for a period of time. C Both sides suffered a similarly devastating number of losses. D Following their defeat at the Alamo, Texas agreed to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
A The Texas army was reinvigorated and inspired by the bravery of the men who fell at the Battle of the Alamo. The Texan army was invigorated by the heinous acts. In future battles Texas soldiers cried, "Remember Goliad! Remember the Alamo!" The Battle of the Alamo is specifically remembered, due to the bravery of the men who died in the battle as a stand against tyranny in the face of certain death.
Which of the following events most greatly contributed to the cause of women's suffrage in Texas? A William P. Hobby replaced the impeached Governor of Texas, James Ferguson. B Ann Richards was elected as Governor of Texas. C The Texas legislature's debate over ratification of the 19th Amendment to the federal Constitution D State prohibition laws were ended.
A William P. Hobby replaced the impeached Governor of Texas, James Ferguson. William P. Hobby was a supporter of women's right to vote and granted women the right to vote in primaries after becoming governor in 1917, as this did not require an amendment to the state constitution. This action paved the way for ratification of the 19th Amendment in 1919.
Which of the following increased tensions between American immigrants to Texas and Mexican officials in the late 1820s and early 1830s? Select all answers that apply. A increased trade between settlers and the United States B custom collections by the Mexican government C the Mexican government's eviction of many established American settlers from Texas D the Mexican government's ban on slavery
A increased trade between settlers and the United States Increased trade between the settlers and and the United States created concern among the Mexican government that Texas would eventually want independence from Mexico. B custom collections by the Mexican government The Mexican Congress passed legislation that initiated custom collections to promote governmental control. D the Mexican government's ban on slavery Mexico banning slavery was one cause of increased tensions between American immigrants and the Mexican government.
Which of the following industries experienced a surge due to the rise of the railroad industry in the second half of the 19th century? A logging B barbed wire C agriculture D manufacturing
A logging Logging, the cutting down and processing of trees, did not become a major industry in Texas until the 19th century. Logging became prominent due to the ability for railroads to transport the timber, and for the demand of the new railroads for timber (i.e., wood is needed to build railroads).
Which of the following figures served as the President of Mexico and led Mexican troops against Texan forces during the Texas Revolution? A William B. Travis B Antonio López de Santa Anna C Jack Coffee Hays D Juan Seguín
B Antonio López de Santa Anna While president of Mexico, Santa Anna led Mexican troops against Texas as Texas fought for independence. He both lost the war with Texas and had been replaced as president during his absence from Mexico.
Which of the following events reignited Spanish interest in settling the land that would become East Texas? A Gold was discovered along the Gulf of Mexico. B France established Fort St. Louis, the first permanent colony in Texas. C Native Americans began attacking the Spanish settlements in the western region. D British explorers arrived in East Texas.
B France established Fort St. Louis, the first permanent colony in Texas. The settlement of Fort St. Louis encouraged Spanish exploration and colonization of Texas to solidify their land claims against the French.
Which of the following tribes were the first to come into contact with Europeans? A Comanche B Karankawa C Tonkawas D Coahuiltecan
B Karankawa The Karankawa were the first Native Americans to come into contact with Europeans.
How did the U.S. annexation of Texas lead to the Mexican-American War? A Santa Anna invaded Texas in hopes of taking land from the U.S. B Mexico did not recognize Texas as an independent state. C The U.S. used Texas as a launching pad for an invasion of Mexico. D Texas invaded Mexico and asked for U.S. assistance.
B Mexico did not recognize Texas as an independent state. Mexico interpreted the United States' annexation of Texas as an insult towards Mexico's sovereignty. Mexico felt the U.S. was stealing its property. This sentiment led Mexico to invade Texas, thus starting the Mexican-American War.
What name was given to the collection of states in the Southwest that experienced a late 20th Century population boom due to migration from the former industrial powerhouse states of the Northeast and Midwest? A Desert Belt B Sun Belt C Bible Belt D Dixie
B Sun Belt The Sun Belt is the term used to refer to states across the Southwest and Southeast, all of which experienced population growth in the late 20th Century.
Which of the following best describes what happened after the defeat of the Texan forces at the Battle of the Alamo? A Indigenous peoples began to fight alongside the Mexican military. B Texans and American colonists were inspired to join the fight against the Mexican Army. C Santa Anna was removed from command for his cruelty during the battle. D Mexico was able to quell the rebellion.
B Texans and American colonists were inspired to join the fight against the Mexican Army. Following the defeat at the Alamo, the battle became an inspiration for many more Texans and Americans to join the revolution and eventually defeat the Mexican army.
What was Texas' main role during the Civil War? A Texas did not join a side in the Civil War and remained neutral. B Texas provided many Confederate states with supplies including weapons, food, and horses. C Texas held the majority of the battles and suffered the most casualties on its soil. D Texas acted as a safe place for slaves to escape from slave states.
B Texas provided many Confederate states with supplies including weapons, food, and horses. Texas was very suited for its role as the "storehouse" of the Confederacy.
Which of the following battles marked the beginning of the Texas Revolution? A The Battle of Palo Alto in 1846 B The Battle of Gonzales in 1835 C The Battle of San Jacinto in 1836 D The Battle of the Alamo in 1836
B The Battle of Gonzales in 1835 The Texas Revolution began at the Battle of Gonzales in 1835.
Which of the following best describes the post-Civil War economy in Texas? A Texas was the main producer of wheat for the southern states. B The Texas economy specialized in cotton and cattle. C The Texas economy specialized in corn and cattle. D The Texas economy was dependent on oil production.
B The Texas economy specialized in cotton and cattle. After the civil war, the Texas economy specialized in cotton and cattle.
Mexico had initially encouraged anglo settlement in Texas with land grants. Which of the following was an unintended outcome of the increased anglo population in the area? A increased conflict with Native Americans B a drastic shift in the culture represented in the area C decreased trade with America D the spread of Catholicism to new settlers
B a drastic shift in the culture represented in the area One unintended outcome of the increased anglo settlers was that the ratio of anglos to native Mexicans quickly surpassed 4:1. This made Texas more culturally American than Mexican.
As U.S. citizens began to immigrate to Texas, the tensions between native Mexicans and Anglos increased. Which of the following is LEAST likely to have contributed to the tensions between the two groups? A the religious differences between Anglos and native Mexicans B a trade imbalance resulting from the different currencies between Anglos and native Mexicans C an imbalance in the number Anglos as compared to the number of native Mexicans D the language differences between Anglos and native
B a trade imbalance resulting from the different currencies between Anglos and native Mexicans While the economic dominance of Anglos did create tension, currency was not the primary cause of the Anglos' economic success.
Which of the following is an example of legislation passed by Mexico in 1830 that increased tension between the Mexican government and Texas settlers? A a law returning land to indigenous populations B forbidding new immigration to Texas from America C establishing Catholicism as the official religion of Mexico D revoking support for settlers in conflicts with Native Americans
B forbidding new immigration to Texas from America This describes one of the laws passed by Mexico in 1830 that increased tension between the Mexican government and Texas settlers, leading to the Texas Revolution.
Which of the following was an important effect of westward expansion of the U.S. in the mid 19th century? A increased availability of empresario grants from Spain B open hostilities between the U.S. and Mexico C increased cooperation with Native Americans D signing of the Treaty of Hidalgo
B open hostilities between the U.S. and Mexico Disputes over the southern border increased hostilities between the U.S. and Mexico.
Which of the following industries revolutionized the Texas economy in the second half of the 19th century? A cattle B railroads C logging D manufacturing
B railroads Railroads completely changed the Texas economy in the 19th century. Railroads allowed Texas to transport its goods cheaply and efficiently to the larger cities in the Northeast United States. For the first time, goods such as timber and, most importantly, cattle could be transported to cities where such goods were not available. This allowed Texas to maximize its natural resources.
Which of the following established a French land claim of Texas? A the exploration of Sieur de La Salle B the founding of Fort St. Louis C the exploration of Alonso Alvarez de Pineda D the founding of New Orleans at the mouth of the Mississippi
B the founding of Fort St. Louis The founding of Fort St. Louis in 1685 by Sieur de la Salle established a legitimate land claim of Texas by the French. European powers would typically establish forts or colonies in an area and claim the land; this land claim would be enforced through the use of force (there was not a legal rule on how to claim land). The establishment of a fort or colony gave the country a military advantage in enforcing the claim.
Which of the following flags never flew over Texas? A Great Britain B The United States of America C Spain D France
B Great Britain
Texas independence was gained through victory at which of the following battles? A Battle of Gonzales B Battle of San Jacinto C Battle of the Alamo D Fredonian Rebellion
Battle of San Jacinto Independence was gained through Sam Houston's victory at the Battle of San Jacinto. On April 21, 1836, Sam Houston led a surprise attack against Santa Anna. Houston and his men prevailed, and Santa Anna signed a treaty ending the war and granting Texas independence from Mexico.
Which of the following battles was a surprise attack that ended the Texas Revolution? A Battle of the Alamo B Battle of Guadalupe-Hidalgo C Battle of Gonzales D Battle of San Jacinto
Battle of San Jacinto The Battle of San Jacinto was a surprise attack by the Texas Revolutionary Army against Santa Anna and the Mexican military. The surprise was very effective and the battle resulted in the capture of Santa Anna.
Juneteenth is a celebration of what major event? A End of the Civil War B Repeal of Jim Crow laws in Texas C Abolition of slavery throughout the state of Texas D Ratification of the 13th Amendment
C Abolition of slavery throughout the state of Texas Juneteenth is a holiday that celebrates the abolition of slavery in the state of Texas.
Mexico's General Colonization Law had what lasting impact on Texas? A It ceded Texas to the United States. B The law allowed ranching in Texas for the first time. C It allowed foreigners to migrate to Texas and increase the population. D The law increased the number of Mexicans living in Texas.
C It allowed foreigners to migrate to Texas and increase the population. The General Colonization Law allowed foreigners to migrate and settle in Texas, increasing the number of non-Mexican Texans and swaying popular opinion toward the United States.
Which of the following was a strong incentive for the United States to annex the Republic of Texas? A The U.S. was able to add another non-slave state to the Union to even out the number of slave and non-slave states. B The U.S. received bonds from Texas in exchange for accepting Texas into the Union. C The United States was able to make significant progress towards fulfilling the idea of Manifest Destiny. D The U.S. was able to alleviate tensions with Mexico.
C The United States was able to make significant progress towards fulfilling the idea of Manifest Destiny. A popular political idea during the mid-1800s in America, Manifest Destiny was the belief that it was God's destiny for America to stretch from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. This notion was a powerful idea and heavily influenced many of the actions by the United States government in the 19thcentury.
Which of the following had the greatest impact on oil production in Texas during the 1970s? A the expansion of the railroad B increased demand for cattle and cotton C an embargo placed on oil products from the Middle East D production from the the oil derrick Spindletop in Beaumont
C an embargo placed on oil products from the Middle East The embargo placed on oil products from the Middle East in 1973 gave Texas an economic advantage because it was already an oil producing state. While the embargo caused economic suffering throughout the rest of the country, Texas benefitted from the price inflation by increasing oil production.
Which of the following did the Columbian Exchange bring from Europe to the Native Americans in Texas? A potatoes B tomatoes C horses D turkeys
C horses Horses were brought from Europe to the Americas.
he Battle of Gonzales is referred to as the Lexington of Texas because: A it ended the Texas Revolution and allowed Texans to negotiate an independent statehood agreement with Mexico .B there was not a clear winner in the battle. C it was a small military skirmish that was the first military D it alleviated tensions between Anglos and Mexicans.
C it was a small military skirmish that was the first military conflict in a revolution. The Battle of Lexington was a small skirmish between the American colonists and the British military. It was the first military conflict of the Revolutionary War, and while small, it was significant because it mobilized and united the colonies together against the British. The Battle of Gonzales was a small military conflict between Texas settlers and the Mexican military; its effect was to unite the Texans against Mexico in a revolution for independence.
Which of the following best describes the dwellings of the Caddo tribe? A huts made of reeds B rooms carved into limestone cliffs C permanent homes made of wood frames and mud walls Members of the Caddo tribe lived in permanent homes made of wood frames and mud walls. D teepees
C permanent homes made of wood frames and mud walls Members of the Caddo tribe lived in permanent homes made of wood frames and mud walls.
Which of the following was the result of Spanish human interaction with the Texas environment during the 18th and early 19th century? A an influx of Anglo settlers to the lands of Texas B the mining of large amounts of gold and silver C the construction of acequias for missions and presidios D the creation of alcaldes for legislative disputes
C the construction of acequias for missions and presidios Acequias are ditches dug to direct water from a river to a mission.
Who was the first European to explore the land of Texas and establish a relationship with Native American tribes in Texas? A Cabeza de Vaca B Alonso Alvarez de Pineda C Marcos de Niza D Francisco Vasquez de Coronado
Cabeza de Vaca Cabeza de Vaca was the first European explorer to explore more than just the coast of Texas. He was a member of the Narvaez expedition, which was shipwrecked in the Gulf and all but four members died. Cabeza explored Texas for many years and became well-known among the tribes as a healer.
Which of the following nomadic Native American tribes utilized European horses in their buffalo hunting and during military activities? A Coahuiltecan B Caddo C Cherokee D Comanche
D Comanche Comanche Indians were known as fierce warriors who mastered the use of horses during battle and while hunting. They were a nomadic tribe that relied mainly on buffalo hunts and foraging for food and sustenance.
Which of the following best describes the long term impact of prohibition on Texas? A State law regarding alcohol is less strict than most states in the U.S. B Texas never officially ratified the federal amendment to end prohibition. C The laws restricting alcohol sales returned to what they were before Prohibition. D Local statutes vary and temperance is still a conflict in local governments across the state.
D Local statutes vary and temperance is still a conflict in local governments across the state. Temperance continues to be a conflict with local statutes controlling the sale of alcohol.
Which of the following best describes why Spain did not begin to colonize Texas until the late 17th century? A Native American tribes restricted the advance of Spanish forces. B Texas was occupied by French forces who kept the Spanish out. C Spanish troops had not yet acclimated to the climate in Texas. D Spanish troops were previously occupied settling Florida.
D Spanish troops were previously occupied settling Florida. The Spanish were focused on colonizing Florida and only became aware of the French colony in Texas in the late 1680s.
Which of the following was the first of the six flags to fly over Texas? A The Kingdom of France B The Republic of Texas C The Mexican Federal Republic D The Kingdom of Spain
D The Kingdom of Spain Spain was the first to claim control over what is now Texas when it began exploring the area in 1519.
Which of the following describes a significant shift in the Texas economy in the early 1900s that still impacts the state today? A Demand for seafood from the Gulf increased from northern states. B Wheat production dropped in other parts of the country increasing reliance on Texas production. C The development of the railroad decreased the demand for Texas cattle. D The Spindletop oil derrick attracted investors and speculators to Texas.
D The Spindletop oil derrick attracted investors and speculators to Texas. The oil derrick Spindletop began producing over 100,000 barrels of oil a day, overnight becoming the most productive oil derrick in the world. Investors and speculators from across the country flocked to Texas, bringing money and jobs.
Which of the following was caused by the annexation of Texas by the United States? A Mexico banned additional immigration into Texas by United States settlers. B Settlers in Texas revolted against the government. C Large numbers of Americans moved into Texas for the first time. D The United States and Mexico declared war on each other.
D The United States and Mexico declared war on each other. The Mexican-American War occurred in 1846 due to border disputes between Mexico and the U.S.
The discovery of petroleum in Texas led to all of the following EXCEPT: A a rise in American influence abroad. B a rapid increase in the state's population. C economic growth. D annexation by the United States.
D annexation by the United States. Texas was annexed by the United States in the 19th century; the Texas oilboom occured in the early 20th century.
The major issue for the Mexican-American War was: A the worries that Mexico had that its citizens would enter Texas permanently. B Mexican officials requiring all Texans to swear loyalty to the Catholic Church. C the disputes between Mexico and the cattle barons crossing the Rio Grande. D the disputes over the location of the border between the U.S. and Mexico.
D the disputes over the location of the border between the U.S. and Mexico. After the Texas Revolution of 1836, Texas declared itself independent of Mexico and was recognized as a sovereign country by the United States and several European countries. However, the Mexican government never formally acknowledged Texas's independence. In 1845, the United States annexed Texas into the Union. The annexation upset Mexico because they felt Texas was still a Mexican state. The result of the disagreement was the Mexican-American War in 1846. The end of the war resulted in the Mexican government agreeing that the border between Mexico and the U.S. was the Rio Grande.
Spain's desire to cultivate a thriving colony in the land of Texas resulted in which of the following? A Establishment of an immigration policy where only Mexican or Spanish citizens could migrate to Texas B The structuring of laws and government to encourage immigrants from all religions, languages, and heritage C Establishment of an immigration policy where "empresarios" would be given land in exchange for recruiting settlers to immigrate to Texas D Denial of any non-Hispanic the right to hold office or vote in elections
Establishment of an immigration policy where "empresarios" would be given land in exchange for recruiting settlers to immigrate to Texas Spain's desire to increase the Spanish population in Texas led Spain to create a lucrative immigration system. Settlers would be given hundreds of acres of land and Spanish citizenship simply for relocating to Texas. This led to many Europeans and Americans migrating to Texas to get their own land.
Which former governor of Texas also served as the President of the Republic of Texas? A Stephen F. Austin B George W. Bush C Sam Houston D Ann Richards
Sam Houston Sam Houston was a political and military leader and fought for Texas independence in the Texas Revolution. Houston was elected president of the independent nation in 1836. After the state was annexed into the United States, Houston first served as a senator before being elected governor in 1859.
Which of the following statements are true regarding Texas' passing of the 19th Amendment, granting women the right to vote? A Texas was the first state in the Union to ratify the 19th Amendment in 1919. B Texas was the first of the former Confederate states to ratify the 19th Amendment. C Texas never formally ratified the 19th Amendment. D Texas was the last state in the Union to ratify the 19th Amendment in 1920.
Texas was the first of the former Confederate states to ratify the 19th Amendment. Texas was the 9th state in the Union to ratify the 19th Amendment and the first of the former Confederate states to do so.
Which of the following is true regarding Texas's historical political alignment? A The Democratic Party dominated Texas politics until a shift towards conservative politics following WWII. B The Democratic Party dominated Texas politics until the 1990s when it shifted into a primarily Republican controlled state. C The Republican Party has maintained primary control of the state since the Reconstruction. D The Democratic Party has never had significant representation in Texas.
The Democratic Party dominated Texas politics until the 1990s when it shifted into a primarily Republican controlled state. Since the late 1960s the Republican Party has grown more prominent within the state based on a movement of primarily white voters (the majority in the state). Between 1980 and 2000, the Democrats and Republicans shared control of political offices in the state, but the shift of power to the Republicans held steady, and since 1994, Republicans have held every statewide office in Texas.
Which of the following was an unintended effect of the Crown requiring alcaldes to seek permission before making changes in their towns? A solidification of the Crown's control over the colonies B slow development C few acequias were built D decreased interest in encomiendas
slow development Alcaldes had to seek permission from the Crown before making any substantial changes. While this solidified the Crown's control over its colonies, it also became a major barrier to their development.
