Text Structures in Wheels of Change, Part 2

Consider this text feature from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy. How does this picture enhance the information provided in the book?

It connects the book's ideas about early bicycle variations.

Consider this text feature from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy. Kate Parke, Chicago, Illinois: Bicycle Lock, 1890 "My present invention has, primarily, for its object to provide [an] improved lock mechanism whereby bicycles may be locked to prevent them from being used without the owner's consent or to prevent them from being stolen." How does this text feature enhance the information provided in the book?

It emphasizes the idea that women were bicycle innovators.

Consider this text feature from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change of by Sue Macy. How does this image enhance the information provided in the book?

It offers an example of how the American media portrayed bicycles.

Consider this text feature from Wheels of Change by Sue Macy. "To men, the bicycle in the beginning was merely a new toy, another machine added to the long list of devices they knew in their work and play. To women, it was a steed upon which they rode into a new world." - "Woman and the Wheel," Munsey's Magazine, May 1896 How does this text feature enhance the information provided in the book?

It provides insight about the significance of the bicycle to women.

Read this excerpt from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy. What interested Pope, however, was a display in one of the English buildings, where two manufacturers from Great Britain presented the latest bicycles. Pope was tantalized by these bicycles, called high wheelers, which had huge wheels in the front and tiny ones in the back. A Civil War veteran and entrepreneur, he wondered about the machine's possibilities as both a business venture and a means of transportation. If only it didn't seem so impossible to ride. Pope dismissed the idea of investing in this new vehicle until he encountered another one the following spring, during a jaunt on a horse near his Massachusetts home. All at once, a man on a high wheeler sped by him. When Pope's horse couldn't catch the cyclist, even at a gallop, the businessman suddenly saw the potential of traveling on two wheels. What chronology is described in the excerpt?

Pope's developing interest in bicycles

Consider these text features from Wheels of Change by Sue Macy. Dressing the Part - Frances Benjamin Johnston, above, might have raised a few eyebrows when she donned a man's suit and a fake mustache for this self-portrait in the late 1800s. But the groundbreaking photographer was used to operating in a man's world. How do this photo and caption enhance the information provided in the book?

They emphasize the idea that bicycles helped blur gender roles.

Consider these text features from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy. In England, high wheelers were called penny farthings because the relationship of the front wheel to the back wheel resembled that of the large British penny coin to the smaller farthing (quarter penny) coin. How do these text features enhance the information provided in the book

They provide insight into bicycle terminology.

Read this excerpt from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy. Some attribute the breakthrough to Ernest Michaux, a French carriage maker, though others credit Pierre Lallement, who worked for him. At any rate, the new velocipede was propelled by pedals and cranks attached directly to the axel of the front wheel, which was slightly larger than the wheel behind it. Forward progress could be stopped or slowed by pedaling backward. However, with iron tires and only an ineffective steel spring under the seat to absorb bumps in the road, this velocipede was a challenge to ride. It quickly earned the nickname "boneshaker." Which signal word(s) from the excerpt suggest a change of direction?

however

Read this excerpt from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy. The crash caused his horses to run away, Hough said, flipping over the buggy and killing one of the animals. "I consider the bicycle to be the most dangerous thing to life and property ever invented," exclaimed Hough, who suffered a broken arm and finger in the accident. "The gentlest of horses are afraid of it." In the end, the judge upheld the right of New York's parks commissioners to ban bicycles and fined the cyclists five dollars each. Pope was not alone in his determination to fight for the rights of American cyclists. In the spring of 1880, he had joined author Charles Pratt and others in forming the League of American Wheelmen ("the L.A.W."), an organization that pledged to "promote the general interests of bicycling, to ascertain, defend, and protect the rights of wheelmen, and to encourage and facilitate touring." Which signal words from the excerpt indicate a sequence?

in the end

Read this paragraph. Omar is looking forward to summer. He'll be in the Juniors group on his swim team, and he expects the tough competition will help him improve his backstroke time. He is also looking forward to a trip to the mountains with his grandparents. If he can save $75 before the trip, he wants to try the mountain zip line described as "not for the faint of heart." Unfortunately, Omar's earning potential is limited. At 14 years old, it's tough to get a "real" job, and the other prospects are limited. Omar asked a few neighbors about mowing their yards, but everyone prefers to mow their own. He has considered offering babysitting services to his aunt, but the thought of watching his wild little cousins is not appealing. Omar is facing a problem with

money

Consider these text features from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy. As the demand for bicycles grew in the 1890s, so did the demand for accessories—such as bells, locks, and lamps—and repairs. This photograph shows the Joseph H. Ferodowill bicycle repair shop in St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1899. This photo and caption enhance the book's information about

the bixyle industry

Read this excerpt from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy. Inventors began to explore the idea of attaching cranks or pedals to the velocipede's wheels as early as the 1820s. Although a few made successful models for personal use, no one developed a prototype that gained widespread acceptance until the 1860s. Some attribute the breakthrough to Ernest Michaux, a French carriage maker, though others credit Pierre Lallement, who worked for him. At any rate, the new velocipede was propelled by pedals and cranks attached directly to the axel of the front wheel, which was slightly larger than the wheel behind it. Forward progress could be stopped or slowed by pedaling backward. What chronology is described in the excerpt?

the gradual improvements in bicycle design

Read this excerpt from Wheels of Change by Sue Macy. In efforts to restart the lives of those devastated by the crushing waves of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, my husband, F. K. Day, and I founded World Bicycle Relief (WBR). WBR works to provide access to independence and livelihood through the power of bicycles. During our work in Sri Lanka in 2005-2006, we put more than 24,000 new bicycles into the hands of those rebuilding their lives. Since 2006, we have moved into Africa where we currently work in Zambia, Zimbabwe, and Kenya addressing oppressive poverty and the AIDS pandemic by mobilizing volunteer caregivers, students, and entrepreneurs with bicycles. What chronology is described in the excerpt?

the initial successes of World Bike Relief

Read this excerpt from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy. On its members' behalf, the L.A.W. campaigned for separate bicycle paths in cities and pointed out to farmers that better rural roads would save their horses from injury. The smooth surfaces, claimed the organization, would also allow farmers to use fewer horses to move their goods to market, resulting in an annual saving of $700 million on horse feed alone. Before long, farmers stood squarely with the L.A.W. in the campaign for better roads. For their trouble, they saw the farmland along newly paved roads double in value. What chronology is described in the excerpt?

the progress toward improved roadways

Read this paragraph. School officials are thrilled with the renovations and expansion of King High School. Staff and students praise the improved lighting, space, and access to technology; however, they are faced with new challenges. A plot of land previously used for student parking now houses the student cafeteria. As a result, the parking lot has sixty fewer parking spots. The King High School Parent Teacher Organization (PTA) is weighing its options. Either the parking lines will be redrawn or sixty cars will be parked curbside in surrounding neighborhoods. What problem is described in the paragraph?

the reduced number of parking spots at King High School

Read this paragraph. The students of Valencia High adore the school vending machine. It has been in operation as long as the school, providing a variety of snacks, from crackers to granola bars to juices and even fresh fruit. These snacks sustain students throughout the day and help them ward off hunger during after-school activities. The teachers and custodians are not as enthusiastic. They complain about the wrappers, containers, and peelings that litter the floors and hallways. Many staff members believe that a trial period should begin in which students must prove that they can keep the school clean or lose the privilege of the vending machine. What problem is described in the paragraph

the trash associated with vending machine snacks

What solution does Pope provide for the new American bicycle industry in Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy?

widespread promotion of bicycles