Textbook learning checks

which of the following is the best description for the scientific method?

a circular process that leads to a tentative answer

which of the following is a responsibility of the IRB?

all of the above

which of the following accurately described the relationship between validity and reliability

measurement cannot be valid unless it is reliable

which of the following was not mentioned as a safeguard against fraud?

careful review by IRB

a teacher obtains a sample of children from fifth grade classroom by randomly selecting the third, fifth, and eighth row and taking all the students in those rows. what kind of sampling is being used?

cliuster

what kind of reasoning uses a dew observations to produce a general hypothesis?

inductive reasoning

using an anonymous questionnaire to determine how many times students send or receive test-messages during class is an example of what modality of measurement?

self-report

what additional information is obtained by measuring on an interval scale compared to an ordinal scale?

the size of the differences

what is the goal of an operational definition?

to provide a definition and method for measuring a hypothetical construct

which of the following is a disadvantage of using an operational definition

all of the above:

which of the following is a distinction between science and pseudoscience?

all of the above: refuse to accept negative results relies on testimonies treat criticism as a personal attack

what kind of research was the focus for most of the early attempts to establish ethical research guidelines?

medical research with humans

which method of knowing is used when you find the address and phone number of a restaurant by googling the name of the restaurant?

method of authority

a restaurant chef tried replacing rice with pasta in one of her recipes to see what would happen. which method of acquiring knowledge is she using?

method of empiricism

for situations in which the researcher cannot know the complete list of potential participants, what kind of sampling is necessary?

nonprobability sampling

a researcher conducts a study which 50 college students are assigned to different treatments and test. what are the students called in this study?

research participants