The Kin 245 exam 3 unlv
Which of the following is not correct regarding menisci in the knee joint?
Decreases stability
Each toe has three interphalangeal joints except for the great toe which has only two.
False
Inversion is turning the ankle and foot outward away from the midline of the body where the weight is on medial edge of foot.
False
Most of the movement that occurs in the spinal column occurs in the cervical and thoracic regions of the spine.
False
Sit-ups are an excellent exercise for strengthening the erector spinae muscles
False
The iliofemoral or Y ligament is located posteriorly and prevents hyperextension. ?
False
The lateral collateral ligament originates on the lateral femoral condyle distally to popliteus origin and inserts on the fibular head.
False
The semimembranosus inserts anteromedially on the medial tibial condyle. ?
False
The spinous processes are located anterior with respect to the vertebral bodies.
False
The teres ligament is located superficially and slightly limits adduction. ?
False
When performing the up portion of the sit-up with rotation to the left, which of the following muscles are utilized the most?
Left internal oblique abdominal and right external oblique abdominal
Which of the following is true regarding the medial collateral ligament?
Maintains medial stability by resisting valgus forces or preventing knee from being abducted
The biceps femoris muscle is located ________ and performs _______ of the hip joint. ? Selected Answer:
Posteriorly, extension
The semimembranosus muscle is located ________ and performs ________ of the hip joint. ?
Posteriorly, extension
The primary movements of the gluteus medius at the hip joint include [x1], as well as internal and external rotation.
Abduction
Which of the following is not an action of the pectineus muscle? ? Selected Answer:
Abduction of the hip
The origin of the rectus femoris muscle is the anterior inferior iliac spine and the groove (posterior) above the _____.
Acetabulum
The origin of the rectus femoris muscle is the anterior inferior iliac spine and the groove (posterior) above the _____. ?
Acetabulum
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: anterior pubis just below the crest; insertion: middle one-third of the linea aspera.
Adductor Longus
Agonist muscles during hip flexion include all of the following except? ?
Adductor magnus
Which of the following is not true regarding the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis
All are superficial and palpable except vastus medialis
Which of the following is not true regarding the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis?
All are superficial and palpable except vastus medialis
The external oblique abdominal inserts on the _____.
Anterior half of crest of ilium, inguinal ligament, crest of pubis, and fascia of rectus abdominis at lower front
The sartorius muscle is located _________ and performs _________ of the hip joint.
Anteriorly, flexion
The insertion of the tensor fasciae latae muscle is one-fourth of the way down the thigh into the iliotibial tract, which inserts onto Gerdy's tubercle of the ______ tibial condyle
Anterolateral
The insertion of the tensor fasciae latae muscle is one-fourth of the way down the thigh into the iliotibial tract, which inserts onto Gerdy's tubercle of the ______ tibial condyle.
Anterolateral
Which of the following is not considered to be one of the quadriceps muscle group?
Semitendinosus
Which of the following muscles can perform knee flexion when concentrically contracting?
gastrocnemius
Which of the following muscles may be palpated on the upper one-half of the posterior aspect of the lower leg?
gastrocnemius
Triceps surae refers to the ____.
gastrocnemius and soleus
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: posterior one-fourth of the crest of the ilium, posterior surface of the sacrum and coccyx near the ilium, and fascia of the lumbar area; insertion: oblique ridge on the lateral surface of the greater trochanter and the iliotibial band of the fasciae latae.
gluteus maximus
Which of the following is not correct regarding the knee joint proper?
Sometimes referred to as trochoginglymus joint due to internal and external rotation occuring when in full extension
A sideward deviation of the spine is known as scoliosis.
T
A substantial number of low back problems are caused by improper use of the back over time.
T
Dorsiflexion is the dorsal aspect of the foot moving toward the anterior tibia.
T
Each toe has three phalanxes except for the great toe which has only two.
T
Extensor hallucis longus can perform weak inversion of the foot.
T
For the pelvis to rotate a significant amount motion must occur in either the right hip, the left hip, the lumbar spine or some combination of these joints. ?
T
Functions of the abdominal muscles include assisting in spinal stabilization and respiration.
T
Pronation is a combination of ankle dorsiflexion, subtalar eversion, and forefoot abduction.
T
Pronation is a combination of ankle dorsiflexion, subtalar eversion, and forefoot abduction. Selected Answer: True
T
Reduction of the spine is defined as a return movement from lateral flexion to a neutral position.
T
The ankle and foot joints are composed of 26 bones in each foot
T
The erector spinae iliocostalis are considered to be agonist muscles during extension of the spine.
T
The fibula is not part of the ginglymus articulation of the knee joint.
T
The linea alba runs vertically from the xiphoid process through the umbilicus to the pubis and divides the rectus abdominis
T
The location of the erector spinae muscles enables them to extend spine and assist in rotation and lateral flexion.
T
The only muscle involved in extending all of the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the four lesser toes is the extensor digitorum longus
T
The patella serves as a pulley by improving the angle of pull with the result being a greater mechanical advantage for the quadriceps during knee extension.
T
The sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus all insert just below the medial condyle on upper anteromedial tibial surface.
T
The soleus can perform muscular actions only in the sagittal plane.
T
The tibial tuberosity serves as the insertion point for all of the quadriceps muscles. ?
T
The two pelvic bones join to form the amphiarthrodial joint referred to as the symphysis pubis. ?
T
The vertebral column is composed of 24 articulating vertebrae.
T
Toe flexion is movement of toes toward plantar surface of the foot.
T
Vertebrae increase in size from the cervical to the lumbar region because the lower back supports more weight.
T
Muscles that flex the knee include all of the following except?
Tensor fascia latae
Muscles that flex the knee include all of the following except? ?
Tensor fascia latae
The primary movers in cervical spine extension (against resistance) are the:
The erector spinae
A sideward deviation of the spine is known as scoliosis.
True
Articular cartilage is located on the surfaces of both the femur and tibia.
True
Extensor hallucis longus can perform weak inversion of the foot.
True
Heel-strike is normally occurs by landing on the heel with the foot in supination and the leg in external rotation,
True
Heel-strike is normally occurs by landing on the heel with the foot in supination and the leg in external rotation.
True
Motions of the toe metacarpophalangeal joints include flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.
True
Pronation is a combination of ankle dorsiflexion, subtalar eversion, and forefoot abduction.
True
Reduction of the spine is defined as a return movement from lateral flexion to a neutral position.
True
Spinal flexion is defined as anterior movement of the spine where the head moves toward chest and the thorax moves toward pelvis.
True
The biceps femoris inserts primarily on the head of the fibula.
True
The distal malleoli of the tibia and fibula serve as pulleys for the posterior tendons to increase the mechanical advantage of the respective muscles in performing inversion and eversion actions.
True
The erector spinae iliocostalis are considered to be agonist muscles during extension of the spine.
True
The fibula is not part of the ginglymus articulation of the knee joint.
True
The medial collateral ligament originates on the medial aspect of upper medial femoral condyle and inserts on medial tibial surface.
True
The most common type of ankle sprain results from excessive inversion that causes damage to lateral structures.
True
The only muscle involved in extending all of the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the four lesser toes is the extensor digitorum longus.
True
The sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus all insert just below the medial condyle on upper anteromedial tibial surface.
True
The tibia bears the majority of the weight as compared to the fibula.
True
The tibial tuberosity serves as the insertion point for all of the quadriceps muscles. ?
True
Toe flexion is movement of toes toward plantar surface of the foot.
True
The biceps femoris long head has the following origin: ischial [x1].
Tuberosity
Which of the following is correct regarding the patellofemoral joint?
a. Classified as an arthrodial type joint
Agonist muscles during hip extension include all of the following except the? ? Selected Answer:
a. Sartorius
The rectus femoris has the following origin: anterior inferior iliac spine of the ilium and posterior groove above the [x1].
acetabulum
Movement of the femur in the frontal plane medially toward the midline is termed hip [x1]
adduction
Movement of the femur in the frontal plane medially toward the midline is termed hip [x1].
adduction
The movements of the adductor brevis on the hip joint include [x1], external rotation, and flexion
adduction
The movements of the adductor brevis on the hip joint include [x1], external rotation, and flexion.
adduction
The movements of the pectineus on the hip include flexion, [x1], and external rotation
adduction
The movements of the pectineus on the hip include flexion, [x1], and external rotation.
adduction
The primary movements of the gracilis on the hip joint include [x1], flexion, and internal rotation.
adduction
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: front of the inferior pubic ramus; insertion: lower two-thirds of the pectineal line of the femur and the upper half of the medial lip of the linea aspera
adductor brevis
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: front of the inferior pubic ramus; insertion: lower two-thirds of the pectineal line of the femur and the upper half of the medial lip of the linea aspera.
adductor brevis
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: edge of the entire pubic ramus and the ischium and ischial tuberosity; insertion: whole length of the linea aspera, inner condyloid ridge, and adductor tubercle.
adductor magnus
The most common serious knee ligament injury involves the _____.
anterior cruciate ligament
The iliopsoas muscle is located ______ and performs _______ of the hip joint. ?
anteriorly, flexion
The pectineus muscle is located ______ and performs _____ of the hip joint. ?
anteriorly, flexion
Beside the atlantoaxial joint, the remainder of the vertebral articulations are classified as [x1] joints.
arthrodial
Muscles that flex the knee include all of the following except? ?
b. Tensor fascia latae
Which of the following does not contribute to the relative stability of the acetabular femoral joint? ? Selected Answer:
b. Rich nervous innervation
Which of the following muscles externally rotates the knee?
bicep femoris
Which of the following is not true regarding the quadriceps muscle group? Selected Answer:
c. Covered by the vastus fascia
The _____ vertebrae serve as a link between the thoracic spine-rib cage and the head.
cervical
Nearly all movement of the spinal column takes place within the two supportive structures known as the _____ and ________.
cervical and lumbar
The origin of the gluteus maximus muscle is the posterior one-fourth of the crest of the ilium, posterior surface of the sacrum and ________ near the ilium, and fascia of the lumbar area.
coccyx
Metatarsophalangeal joints are classified as [x1] joints.
condyloid
Which of the following is not true regarding the quadriceps muscle group?
covered by vastus facia
Which of the following is not true regarding the hamstring muscle group? Selected Answer:
d. Provides static stability to the knee joint
Which of the following is not correct regarding menisci in the knee joint?
decrease stability
Which of the following is not correct regarding menisci in the knee joint?
decreases stability
Movement of the top of the ankle and foot toward the anterior tibia is termed [x1].
dorsiflexion
The main actions of the extensor digitorum longus at the ankle joint are extension of the four lesser toes, [x1], and eversion.
dorsiflexion
The primary action of the tibialis anterior at the ankle joint are [x1] and inversion
dorsiflexion
The primary action of the tibialis anterior at the ankle joint are [x1] and inversion.
dorsiflexion
The primary actions of the peroneus tertius at the ankle joint include [x1] and eversion.
dorsiflexion
he hip joint is classified as a [x1] joint that consists of the head of the femur connecting with the acetabulum of the pelvic girdle.
enarthrodial
Which of the following muscles would be most effective in performing anterior pelvic rotation?
erector spinae
Turning the ankle and foot outward in abduction away from the midline is termed subtalar [x1]
eversion
Turning the ankle and foot outward in abduction away from the midline is termed subtalar [x1].
eversion
Contraction of the adductor magnus results in adduction of the hip, external rotation, and hip [x1].
extension
Extreme _____ of the spine would be prevented in part by the spinous processes.
extension
Movement of the posterior femur from any point toward the posterior pelvis in the sagittal plane is termed hip [x1].
extension
Movement of the toes away from the plantar surface of the foot is termed toe [x1].
extension
Movements of the semimembranosus at the hip joint include [x1], posterior pelvic rotation, and internal rotation.
extension
Posterior movement of the spine in the sagittal plane; where the head moves away from the chest, and the thorax moves away from the pelvis is termed spinal [x1].
extension
Straightening or increasing the angle between the femur and the lower leg is termed [x1].
extension
The action of the vastus intermedius on the knee joint is [x1].
extension
The actions of the erector spinae iliocostalis on the spine include [x1], lateral flexion, and rotation.
extension
The movements of the quadratus lumborum on the spine include lateral flexion and [x1]
extension
The movements of the quadratus lumborum on the spine include lateral flexion and [x1].
extension
The primary movement of the rectus femoris on the knee joint is [x1]
extension
The rectus femoris is more effective in hip flexion when the knee is in _________. ?
extension
When contracted, the action of the vastus lateralis on the knee joint is [x1].
extension
When contracted, the actions of the splenius cervicis on the spine include [x1], rotation, and lateral flexion.
extension
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: lateral condyle of the tibia, head of the fibula, and upper two-third of the anterior surface of the fibula; insertion: tops of the middle and distal phalanges of the four lesser toes.
extensor digitorum longus
Which of the following muscles can perform extension of the lesser toes when concentrically contracting?
extensor digitorum longus
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: middle two-thirds of the medial surface of the anterior fibula; insertion: base of the distal phalanx of the great toe.
extensor hallucis longus
Which of the following muscles can perform extension of the great toe when concentrically contracting?
extensor hallucis longus
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: borders of the lower eight ribs at the side of the chest dovetailing with the serratus anterior; insertion: anterior half of the crest of the ilium, inguinal ligament, crest of the pubis, and fascia of the rectus abdominis at the lower front.
external oblique abdomina
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: borders of the lower eight ribs at the side of the chest dovetailing with the serratus anterior; insertion: anterior half of the crest of the ilium, inguinal ligament, crest of the pubis, and fascia of the rectus abdominis at the lower front.
external oblique abdominal muscle
Lateral rotary movement of the femur in the transverse plane around its longitudinal axis away from the midline is termed hip [x1]
external rotation
Lateral rotary movement of the femur in the transverse plane around its longitudinal axis away from the midline is termed hip [x1].
external rotation
Movements of the biceps femoris at the hip joint include extension, posterior pelvic rotation, and [x1]
external rotation
Rotary movement of the lower leg laterally away from the midline is termed [x1].
external rotation
The upper fibers of the gluteus maximus assist in hip abduction, whereas the lower fibers assist in adduction. Together these fibers also carry out hip extension, posterior pelvic rotation, and [x1] of the hip.
external rotation
All of the erector spinae muscles run horizontally parallel to the spinal column.
false
Any muscle that is agonistic in hip extension can also contract to cause anterior pelvic rotation. ?
false
During both walking and running there is a point where neither foot is touching the ground.
false
Hip flexion is movement of the femur straight posteriorly toward the pelvis. ?
false
Sit-ups are an excellent exercise for strengthening the erector spinae muscles.
false
Six pairs of ribs attach directly to the sternum via a separate costal cartilage.
false
The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are located on the outermost anterior and posterior surfaces of the knee joint.
false
The cuboid bone is located medially with respect to the navicular bone.
false
The horizontal indentations that transect the rectus abdominis, giving it a segmented appearance is the linea alba.
false
The iliofemoral or Y ligament is located posteriorly and prevents hyperextension. ?
false
The medial malleolus is an anatomical landmark located on the fibula.
false
The popliteus originates on the medial aspect of lateral femoral condyle.
false
The posterior portion of the trunk contains the abdominal muscles.
false
The semimembranosus inserts anteromedially on the medial tibial condyle.
false
The semimembranosus inserts anteromedially on the medial tibial condyle. ?
false
The semitendinosus is located laterally and internally rotates the knee.
false
The teres ligament is located superficially and slightly limits adduction. ?
false
With the exception of the glenohumeral joint, the acetabular femoral joint is the least mobile joint of the body. ?
false
Inversion is turning the ankle and foot outward away from the midline of the body where the weight is on medial edge of foot.
falso
The popliteus has the following origin: posterior surface of the lateral condyle of the [x1].
femur
The vastus intermedius has the following origin: upper two-thirds of the anterior surface of the [x1].
femur
Anterior movement of the spine in the sagittal plane; where the head moves toward the chest, and the thorax moves toward the pelvis is termed spinal [x1].
flexion
Bending or decreasing the angle between the femur and the lower leg is termed [x1].
flexion
Contraction of the adductor longus results in adduction of the hip, and assisting in hip [x1].
flexion
If desiring to emphasize work on the gluteus maximus during resisted hip extension exercises, the knee should be placed in _________. ?
flexion
In right or left lateral [x1], the head moves laterally in the frontal plane toward shoulder and the thorax moves laterally toward the pelvis.
flexion
In right or left lateral [x1], the head moves laterally in the frontal plane toward the shoulder and the thorax moves laterally toward the pelvis.
flexion
Movement of the anterior femur from any point toward the anterior pelvis in the sagittal plane is termed hip [x1].
flexion
Movement of the toes toward the plantar surface of the foot is termed toe [x1].
flexion
The primary movement of the rectus femoris on the hip joint is [x1] and anterior pelvic rotation.
flexion
The primary movement of the rectus femoris on the knee joint is [x1].
flexion
The primary movements of the biceps femoris at the knee joint include [x1], and external rotation.
flexion
The primary movements of the biceps femoris at the knee joint include [x1], and external rotation. Specified Answer for: x1
flexion
The primary movements of the gluteus minimus at the hip joint include abduction and [x1].
flexion
The primary movements of the iliacus at the hip joint include [x1] and external rotation.
flexion
When contracted, the actions of the rectus abdominis on the spine include lumbar [x1] and lateral flexion.
flexion
When the semitendinosus contracts, the resultant movement to the knee joint is [x1], and internal rotation
flexion
When the semitendinosus contracts, the resultant movement to the knee joint is [x1], and internal rotation.
flexion
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: middle one-third of the posterior surface of the tibia; insertion: base of the distal phalanx of each of the four lesser toes.
flexor digitorum longus
Which of the following muscles can perform flexion of the four lesser toes when concentrically contracting?
flexor digitorum longus
Which of the following muscles has its insertion on the base of the distal phalanx of each of the four lesser toes?
flexor digitorum longus
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: middle two-thirds of the posterior surface of insertion: base of the distal phalanx of the great toe on the plantar surface.
flexor hallucis longus
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: middle two-thirds of the posterior surface of the fibula; insertion: base of the distal phalanx of the great toe on the plantar surface.
flexor hallucis longus
Which of the following muscles can perform flexion of the great toe when concentrically contracting
flexor hallucis longus
Which of the following muscles can perform flexion of the great toe when concentrically contracting?
flexor hallucis longus
Which of the following muscles does not perform eversion of the foot?
flexor hallucis longus
Which of the following is the correct order starting from the most posterior aspect of the distal lower leg/ankle and moving medially?
flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior
Which of the following is not true regarding the hamstring muscle group?
Provides static stability to knee joint
Which of the following is not true regarding the hamstring muscle group?
Provides static stability to the knee joint
Which of the following is not true with respect to the synovial cavity?
Provides the knee with stability
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: posterior surface of the medial femoral condyle (medial head), posterior surface of the lateral femoral condyle (lateral head); insertion: posterior surface of the calcaneus through the Achilles tendon.
gastrocnemius
The semimembranosus has the following origin: [x1] tuberosity.
ischial
The semitendinosus has the following origin: [x1] tuberosity.
ischial
The [x1] joint is the largest diarthrodial joint in the body.
knee
The primary movements of the semitendinosus on the hip joint include extension, posterior pelvic rotation, and [x1].
knee flexion
The erector spinae [x1] has the following attachments- origin: medial iliac crest, thoracolumbar aponeurosis from sacrum, lumbar 1-5 transverse processes, and thoracic 1-5 transverse processes, cervical 5-7 articular processes; insertion: cervical 2-6 spinous processes, thoracic 1-12 transverse processes, lower nine ribs, mastoid process.
longissimus
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: lateral surface of the ilium just below the crest; insertion: posterior and middle surfaces of the greater trochanter of the femur
gluteus medius
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: lateral surface of the ilium just below the crest; insertion: posterior and middle surfaces of the greater trochanter of the femur.
gluteus medius
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: lateral surface of the ilium below the crest; insertion: anterior surface of the greater trochanter of the femur.
gluteus minimus
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: anteromedial edge of the descending ramus of the pubis; insertion: anterior medial surface of the tibia below the condyle.
gracilis
The biceps femoris has the following insertion: [x1] of the fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia.
head
The ankle joint, technically known as the talocrural joint, is a [x1] joint.
hinge
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: inner surface of the ilium; insertion: lesser trochanter of the femur just below the shaft.
iliacus
The erector spinae [x1] has the following attachments- origin: medial iliac crest, thoracolumbar aponeurosis from the sacrum, posterior ribs three through twelve; insertion: posterior ribs one through twelve, cervical four through seven transverse processes.
iliocostalis
The insertion of the iliopsoas muscle is the pectineal line and the _____ eminence, lesser trochanter of the femur, and the shaft just below. ?
iliopectineal
The origin of the _______ muscle is the lower borders of the transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5), inner surface of the ilium, sides of the bodies of the last thoracic vertebra (T12), all the lumbar vertebrae (L1-5), intervertebral fibrocartilages, and base of sacrum. ?
iliopsoas
The primary actions of the flexor digitorum longus at the ankle joint are toe flexion, plantar flexion, and [x1]
inversion
Turning the ankle and foot inward in adduction toward the midline is termed subtalar [x1]
inversion
Turning the ankle and foot inward in adduction toward the midline is termed subtalar [x1].
inversion
When contracted, the extensor hallucis longus carries out the following actions at the ankle joint: extension of the great toe, dorsiflexion, and subtalar [x1]
inversion
When contracted, the extensor hallucis longus carries out the following actions at the ankle joint: extension of the great toe, dorsiflexion, and subtalar [x1].
inversion
The _____ vertebrae serve as a link between the pelvic girdle and the thoracic spine-rib cage.
lumbar
The semimembranosus has the following insertion: posteriomedial surface of the [x1] tibial condyle.
medial
The vastus intermedius has the following insertion: upper border of the [x1] and patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity
patella
he vastus intermedius has the following insertion: upper border of the [x1] and patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity
patella
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: mid to lower two-thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula; insertion: tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal bone.
peroneus brevis
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: head and upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula; insertion: undersurfaces of the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bone.
peroneus longus
Dorsiflexion is the dorsal aspect of the foot moving toward the anterior tibia.
peroneus tertius
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: distal one-third of the anterior fibula; insertion: superior aspect of the base of the fifth metatarsal.
peroneus tertius
Which of the following muscles does not perform plantar flexion?
peroneus tertius
Which of the following muscles has its insertion on the base of the 5th metatarsal?
peroneus tertius
Which of the following muscles has its origin on the distal third of the anterior fibula?
peroneus tertius
Which of the following muscles is included in the anterior compartment?
peroneus tertius
Movement of the ankle and foot away from the tibia is termed [x1]
plantar flexion
Movement of the ankle and foot away from the tibia is termed [x1].
plantar flexion
The action of the tibialis posterior on the ankle joint is [x1].
plantar flexion
The primary movement of the soleus on the ankle joint is [x1].
plantar flexion
When contracted, the actions of the peroneus brevis include eversion and [x1].
plantar flexion
When contracted, the flexor hallucis longus has the following actions on the ankle joint: flexion of the great toe, [x1], and inversion.
plantar flexion
When contracted, the gastrocnemius carries out [x1] at the ankle joint.
plantar flexion
The biceps femoris muscle is located ________ and performs _______ of the hip joint. ?
posteriorly, extension
A combination of ankle dorsiflexion, subtalar eversion, and forefoot abduction is termed [x1]
pronation
A combination of ankle dorsiflexion, subtalar eversion, and forefoot abduction is termed [x1].
pronation
Which of the following muscles is not strengthened to any substantial degree by sit-ups?
quadratus lumborium
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: posterior inner lip of the iliac crest; insertion: approximately one-half of the length of the lower border of the 12th rib and the transverse process of the upper four lumbar vertebrae.
quadratus lumborum
Which of the following muscles is not strengthened to any substantial degree by sit-ups?
quadratus lumborum
In performing lateral flexion against gravity such as in a lateral sit-up, which of the following muscles would be least effective?
rectus abdominis
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: crest of the pubis; insertion: cartilage of the 5-7 ribs and xiphoid process.
rectus abdominis
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: crest of the pubis; insertion: cartilage of the and xiphoid process.
rectus abdominis
he [x1] has the following attachments- origin: crest of the pubis; insertion: cartilage of the 5-7 ribs and xiphoid process.
rectus abdominis
the [x1] has the following attachments- origin: crest of the pubis; insertion: cartilage of the 5-7 ribs and xiphoid process.
rectus abdominis
Return movement from lateral flexion to neutral in the frontal plane is termed [x1
reduction
Return movement from lateral flexion to neutral in the frontal plane is termed [x1].
reduction
The actions of the erector spinae spinalis on the spine include extension, lateral flexion, and [x1].
rotation
The actions of the external oblique abdominal on the spine include lumbar flexion, lateral flexion, and [x1].
rotation
The main actions of the sternocleidomastoid include head extension, flexion, [x1], and lateral flexion.
rotation
The rotary movement of the spine in the transverse plane is termed spinal [x1].
rotation
The actions of the erector spinae spinalis on the spine include extension, lateral flexion, and [x1].
rotation?
Agonist muscles during hip extension include all of the following except the? ?
sartorius
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: anterior superior iliac spine and notch just below the spine; insertion: anterior medial surface of the tibia just below the condyle.
sartorius
The insertion of the _________ muscle is the posteromedial surface of the medial tibial condyle. ?
semimembranosus
Which of the following muscles internally rotates the knee?
semimembranosus
Which of the following is not considered to be one of the quadriceps muscle group?
semitendinosus
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: posterior surface of the proximal fibula and proximal two-thirds of the posterior tibial surface; insertion: posterior surface of the calcaneus through the Achilles tendon.
soleus
Which of the following muscles has its insertion on the posterior surface of the calcaneus?
soleus
Which of the following muscles only performs plantar flexion?
soleus
The erector spinae [x1] has the following attachments- origin: ligamentum nunchae, 7th cervical spinous process, thoracic 11 and 12 spinous processes, and lumbar 1 and 2 spinous processes; insertion: second cervical spinous process, thoracic 5-12 spinous processes, occipital bone.
spinalis
the erector spinae [x1] has the following attachments- origin: ligamentum nunchae, 7th cervical spinous process, thoracic 11 and 12 spinous processes, and lumbar 1 and 2 spinous processes; insertion: second cervical spinous process, thoracic 5-12 spinous processes, occipital bone.
spinalis
From medial to lateral the erector spinae muscles are the ________.
spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis
The ________ process can be palpated on the posterior surface of the spine when it is flexed:
spinous
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: lower half of the and the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and upper three or four thoracic vertebrae; insertion: mastoid process and occipital bone.
splenius capitis
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: lower half of the ligamentum nunchae and the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and upper three or four thoracic vertebrae; insertion: mastoid process and occipital bone.
splenius capitis
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: spinous processes of the third through sixth thoracic vertebrae; insertion: transverse processes of the first three cervical vertebrae.
splenius cervicis
A combination of ankle plantar flexion, subtalar inversion, and forefoot adduction is termed [x1].
supination
The medial collateral ligament originates on the medial aspect of upper medial femoral condyle and inserts on medial tibial surface.
t
Toe flexion is movement of toes toward plantar surface of the foot.
t
Muscles that flex the knee include all of the following except?
tensor fascia latae
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: anterior iliac crest and surface of the ilium just below the crest; insertion: one-fourth of the way down the thigh into the iliotibial tract.
tensor fasciae latae
Which of the following statements is not true regarding the tibiofibular joint?
the interosseus membrane is located around the tibia and fibula shafts to provide support
The trunk is composed of the _______.
thoracic spine, rib cage, and pelvic girdle
The popliteus has the following insertion: upper posterior medial surface of the [x1].
tibia
The semitendinosus has the following insertion: upper anterior medial surface of the [x1] just below the condyle.
tibia
The vastus medialis has the following insertion: medial half of the upper border of the patella and patellar tendon to the [x1] tuberosity.
tibia
The rectus femoris has the following insertion: superior aspect of the patella and patella tendon to the [x1] tuberosity.
tibial
The vastus medialis has the following insertion: medial half of the upper border of the patella and patellar tendon to the [x1] tuberosity.
tibial
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the tibia; insertion: inner surface of the medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal.
tibialis anterior
The most prominent tendon crossing the ankle anteromedially and the easiest to palpate is the _____.
tibialis anterior
Which of the following muscles can perform inversion of the foot when concentrically contracting?
tibialis anterior
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: posterior surface of the upper half of the interosseus membrane and the adjacent surfaces of the tibia and fibula; insertion: inferior surfaces of the navicular, cuneiform, and cuboid bones and bases of the second, third, and fourth metatarsal bones
tibialis posterior
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: posterior surface of the upper half of the interosseus membrane and the adjacent surfaces of the tibia and fibula; insertion: inferior surfaces of the navicular, cuneiform, and cuboid bones and bases of the second, third, and fourth metatarsal bones.
tibialis posterior
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: lateral one-third of the inguinal ligament, inner rim of the iliac crest, inner surface of the costal cartilages of the lower six ribs, lumbar fascia; insertion: crest of the pubis and the iliopectineal line, abdominal aponeurosis to the linea alba.
transversus abdominis
The vastus lateralus has the following origin: intertrochanteric line, anterior and inferior borders of the greater [x1], gluteal tuberosity, upper half of the linea aspera, and entire lateral intermuscular septum.
trochanter
The atlantoaxial joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae is classified as a [x1] joint.
trochoid
A sideward deviation of the spine is known as scoliosis.
true
A substantial number of low back problems are caused by improper use of the back over time.
true
All three of the vasti muscles of quadriceps originate on proximal femur and insert on patellar superior pole.
true
Dorsiflexion is the dorsal aspect of the foot moving toward the anterior tibia.
true
Each thoracic vertebrae has one pair of ribs that attaches to it laterally.
true
Each toe has three phalanxes except for the great toe which has only two.
true
For the pelvis to rotate a significant amount motion must occur in either the right hip, the left hip, the lumbar spine or some combination of these joints. ?
true
Functions of the abdominal muscles include assisting in spinal stabilization and respiration.
true
Severe injuries at the tibiofibular joint can involve the posterior tibiofibular ligament, interosseus ligament, and interosseus membrane.
true
Sit-ups are an excellent exercise for strengthening the erector spinae muscles.
true
Spinal flexion is defined as anterior movement of the spine where the head moves toward chest and the thorax moves toward pelvis.
true
The fibula is not part of the ginglymus articulation of the knee joint.
true
The iliotibial tract of the tensor fasciae latae inserts on Gerdy's tubercle.
true
The knee joint is the largest joint in the body.
true
The lateral fibula serves as the attachment for knee joint structures but does not articulate with the femur or patella.
true
The linea alba runs vertically from the xiphoid process through the umbilicus to the pubis and divides the rectus abdominis
true
The location of the erector spinae muscles enables them to extend spine and assist in rotation and lateral flexion.
true
The patella serves as a pulley by improving the angle of pull with the result being a greater mechanical advantage for the quadriceps during knee extension. ?
true
The rectus abdominis muscle can control the tilt of the pelvis when contracting.
true
The right and left pelvis are joined together by the sacrum at the right and left sacroiliac joints. ?
true
The sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus all insert just below the medial condyle on upper anteromedial tibial surface. ?
true
The semimembranosus is located posteromedially and internally rotates the knee.
true
The soleus can perform muscular actions only in the sagittal plane.
true
The two pelvic bones join to form the amphiarthrodial joint referred to as the symphysis pubis. ?
true
The vertebral column is composed of 24 articulating vertebrae.
true
Tibialis anterior performs dorsal flexion of the ankle in the sagittal plane.
true
Vertebrae increase in size from the cervical to the lumbar region because the lower back supports more weight.
true
The biceps femoris long head has the following origin: ischial [x1].
tuberosity
The medial malleolus is an anatomical landmark located on the fibula.
F
The posterior portion of the trunk contains the abdominal muscles.
F
The semimembranosus inserts anteromedially on the medial tibial condyle. ?
F
The semitendinosus is located laterally and internally rotates the knee.
F
The teres ligament is located superficially and slightly limits adduction. ?
F
From medial to lateral the erector spinae muscles are the ________.
. spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis
The hip joint is also known as the [x1] femoral joint
acetabular
The hip joint is also known as the [x1] femoral joint.
acetabular
The two pelvic bones join to form the amphiarthrodial joint referred to as the symphysis pubis. ?
F
The sartorius muscle is located _________ and performs _________ of the hip joint.
. Anteriorly, flexion
Which of the following muscles externally rotates the knee?
Biceps femoris
Which of the following statements is not correct regarding the abdominal muscles?
Both are correct
Which of the following is not true regarding the bursae of the knee?
Bursae are composed mainly of fatty tissue
All of the following are key bony landmarks of the knee joint except?
C. Gerdy's condyle
Most of the rotation within the cervical region occurs in the joint between ______.
C1 and C2
Which of the following is correct regarding the patellofemoral joint?
Classified as an arthrodial type joint
The iliofemoral or Y ligament is located posteriorly and prevents hyperextension. ?
F
The internal oblique abdominal inserts on the _____.
Costal cartilage of 8th, 9th, and 10th ribs and linea alba
Which of the following is not true regarding the quadriceps muscle group?
Covered by the vastus fascia
Extreme _____ of the spine would be prevented in part by the spinous processes.
Extension
The rectus femoris is more powerful in extending the knee when the hip is in _____.
Extension
[x1] of the knee is the only movement attributed to the vastus medialis.
Extension
Of the four abdominal muscles, which is a prime mover in lateral pelvic rotation from a hanging overhead by the hands position?
External oblique maybe
Sit-ups are an excellent exercise for strengthening the erector spinae muscles.
F
Six pairs of ribs attach directly to the sternum via a separate costal cartilage.
F
The cuboid bone is located medially with respect to the navicular bone.
F
If desiring to emphasize work on the gluteus maximus during resisted hip extension exercises, the knee should be placed in _________. ?
Flexion
Which of the following is considered to be an agonist muscle during hip external rotation?
Gluteus maximus
Which of the following is considered to be an agonist muscle during hip abduction? ?
Gluteus medius
The origin of the tensor fasciae latae muscle is the anterior _______ and the surface of the ilium just below the crest. ?
Iliac crest
The insertion of the iliopsoas muscle is the pectineal line and the _____ eminence, lesser trochanter of the femur, and the shaft just below. ?
Iliopectineal
The insertion of the iliopsoas muscle is the pectineal line and the _____ eminence, lesser trochanter of the femur, and the shaft just below. ? Selected Answer:
Iliopectineal
Due to the adductor brevis, adductor longus, and adductor magnus all inserting in various locations on the linea aspera, a resulting movement that is facilitated when adducting the hip is ______.
Internal rotation
When contracted, the action of the popliteus on the knee joint includes flexion and [x1]. Specified Answer for: x1
Internal rotation
The semitendinosus has the following origin: [x1] tuberosity. Specified Answer for: x1
Ischial
The erector spinae [x1] has the following attachments- origin: medial iliac crest, thoracolumbar aponeurosis from sacrum, lumbar 1-5 transverse processes, and thoracic 1-5 transverse processes, cervical 5-7 articular processes; insertion: cervical 2-6 spinous processes, thoracic 1-12 transverse processes, lower nine ribs, mastoid process.
Longissimus
Due to the adductor brevis, adductor longus, and adductor magnus all inserting in various locations on the linea aspera, a resulting movement that is facilitated when adducting the hip is ______?
NOT internal rotation
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: mid to lower two-thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula; insertion: tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal bone.
Peroneus Brevis
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: head and upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula; insertion: undersurfaces of the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bone.
Peroneus Longus
The only uniarticular knee flexor is the _____.
Popliteus
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: posterior inner lip of the iliac crest; insertion: approximately one-half of the length of the lower border of the 12th rib and the transverse process of the upper four lumbar vertebrae.
Quadratus Lumborum
Which if the following muscles contract concentrically to cause extension of the head, right cervical rotation, and right cervical lateral flexion?
Right splenius capitis
Which if the following muscles contract concentrically to cause cervical flexion, left cervical rotation, and right cervical lateral flexion?
Right sternocleidomastoid
Which of the following is not true regarding strength and endurance being essential for maintenance of patellofemoral stability?
Strength and flexibility are not often a problem with the muscles of the knee joint
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: posterior surface of the upper half of the interosseus membrane and the adjacent surfaces of the tibia and fibula; insertion: inferior surfaces of the navicular, cuneiform, and cuboid bones and bases of the second, third, and fourth metatarsal bones.
Tibialis Posterior
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the tibia; insertion: inner surface of the medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal.
Tibialis anterior
Which of the following is not considered to be one of the quadriceps muscle group?
Vastus medius
Movement of the femur in the frontal plane laterally to the side away from the midline is termed hip [x1]
abduction
Movement of the femur in the frontal plane laterally to the side away from the midline is termed hip [x1].
abduction
The primary movements of the gluteus medius at the hip joint include [x1], as well as internal and external rotation.
abduction
The primary movements of the sartorius at the hip joint include flexion, anterior pelvic rotation, external rotation, and [x1]
abduction
The primary movements of the sartorius at the hip joint include flexion, anterior pelvic rotation, external rotation, and [x1].
abduction
The primary movements of the tensor fasciae latae at the hip joint are flexion and [x1].
abduction
Which of the following is not an action of the pectineus muscle? ?
abduction of the hip
The flexor hallucis longus performs which of the following actions?
all of the above
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the diaphragm muscle?
all of the above choices are correct
Proximal interphalangeal joint motion occurs about the ___ axis.
frontal
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: upper half of the inguinal ligament, anterior two-thirds of the crest of the ilium, and lumbar fascia; insertion: costal cartilage of the 8-10 ribs and linea alba.
internal oblique abdominal
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: upper half of the anterior two-thirds of the crest of the ilium, and lumbar fascia; insertion: costal cartilage of the 8-10 ribs and linea alba.
internal oblique abdominal muscle
Medial rotary movement of the femur in the transverse plane around its longitudinal axis toward the midline is termed hip [x1].
internal rotation
Rotary movement of the lower leg medially toward the midline is termed [x1].
internal rotation
The primary movements of the gluteus minimus at the hip joint include abduction and [x1].
internal rotation
The primary movements of the semimembranosus on the knee joint include flexion, and [x1].
internal rotation
The primary movements of the semitendinosus on the hip joint include extension, posterior pelvic rotation, and [x1
internal rotation
The primary movements of the semitendinosus on the hip joint include extension, posterior pelvic rotation, and [x1].
internal rotation
When contracted, the action of the popliteus on the knee joint includes flexion and [x1].
internal rotation
The vastus lateralis has the following insertion: [x1] border of the patella and patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity.
lateral
Which of the following is not considered to be a large abdominal muscle?
lateral abdominus
The actions of the splenius capitis on the spine include extension, rotation, and [x1].
lateral flexion
The movements of the internal oblique abdominal on the spine include lumbar flexion, [x1], and rotation.
lateral flexion
The primary actions of the erector spinae longisimus on the spine include extension, [x1], and rotation
lateral flexion
The primary actions of the erector spinae longisimus on the spine include extension, [x1], and rotation.
lateral flexion
The gluteus medius muscle is located ________ and performs ________ of the hip joint. ?
laterally, abduction
Which of the following muscles would not be concentrically active when attempting to place the right ear on the right shoulder while lying on the left side?
left sternocleidomastoid
The biceps femoris short head has the following origin: lower half of the [x1], and lateral condyloid ridge.
linea aspera
The vastus medialis has the following origin: whole length of the [x1] and medial condyloid ridge.
linea aspera
Which of the following does not contribute to the relative stability of the acetabular femoral joint? ?
rich nervous innervation
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: manubrium of the sternum, anterior superior surface of the medial clavicle; insertion: mastoid process.
sternocleidomastoid
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: manubrium of the superior surface of the medial clavicle; insertion: mastoid process.
sternocleidomastoid
The insertion of the rectus femoris muscle is the _______ aspect of the patella and the patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity. ?
superior
The vastus lateralis provides a _____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.
superolateral
The vastus medialis provides a _____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.
superomedial
