The Periodic Table 1
Where are the Transition Metals found on the Periodic Table"?
The middle
Metalloids
The name for the elements that are found between Metals and Non-Metals along the zig-zag line. They have characteristics of both metals and non-metals.
Alkali Metals (1) and Halogens (17)
These 2 families of highly reactive elements are found in nature ONLY in compounds, never as just the element. Name the 2 families.
The elements found in group 3-12 that form or make compounds with distinctive colors. are called the ______________ ___________
Transition Metals
Alkali metals - they really want to give away the one valence electron that they have.
What METAL family is the most reactive and WHY?
Halogens -because they only need only one more electron to reach 8 valence electrons.
What NON-METAL family is the most reactive and WHY?
Elements that have properties of BOTH metals and non-metals and are found along the zig-zag line on the periodic chart.
What are metalloids?
Families or Groups
What are the vertical columns called? (2 names)
Drawn into thin wires
What does ductile mean?
That something can be hammered into thin sheets if struck, rather than having it shatter.
What does malleable mean?
Increasing Atomic Mass
When Mendeleev created the first periodic table the elements were put in a specific order based on what?
Corrosion
When metals react with oxygen it results in a change called ________ (we call it rust).
Group B The rectangle in the middle. Between 2 and 13 in the center of the table.
Where are the Transition Metals found on the Periodic Table"?
noble gases
Which family contains the non reactive gases?
Their outer energy level of electrons is full. They do not react with any other elements because they dont need any electrons and don't want to give any away either.
Why are the Noble Gases unreactive?
They could use it to predict properties of unknown elements.
Why was Mendeleev's "Periodic Table" useful to scientists?
Which family of metals is the most chemically reactive?
alkali metals (group 1)
Electrons that are closer to/farther from the nucleus have less energy than those electrons that are closer to/farther from the nucleus
closer to farther from
The elements that are the most alike are the ones in the same row or the same column?
column
For most of the elements on the periodic table, the number of protons is equal to the number of ____________.
electrons
The name for the small particles that zoom around the outside of an atom and has almost no mass.
electrons
Adding or removing protons in an element, from the nucleus of an atom, creates a different __________.
element
When something is only made of one type of atom, it is called an _____________.
element
metals
elements that conduct electricity, are shiny, heat well and are easily shaped, solid at room temperature (except mercury)
nonmetals
elements the do not conduct electricity, are not siny and do not conduct heat
metalloids
elements with properties between metals and nonmetals
Name two uses for transition metals
food, jewelry, coins, catalytic converters, light bulbs and for making steel
Metals are found on the left or right side of the periodic chart of elements?
left
"Malleable" is a physical property of: metals or non-metals?
metals
Most of these compounds are solids at room temperature: (metals or non-metals)
metals
"being a good conductor of heat" is a physical property of metals or non-metals?
metals (metal gets hot in the sun fast)
When atoms combine they can form____________. Water is an example of this (2 Hydrogens and 1 Oxygen)
molecules
Electrons have a ________ charge.
negative
Which family contains the non reactive gases?
noble gases
Most of these compounds are gases at room temperature: (metals or non-metals?)
non-metals
The center of an atom is called the _________________.
nucleus
Atomic mass - atomic number = ________
number of neutrons
As you go from left to right across a row, you go from ___________ to __________ elements (describe reactivity) and the number of valence electrons ______
reactive >>>>>unreactive increases
Non-metals are found on the left or right side of the periodic chart of elements?
right
atom
smallest particle that matter can be broken down into and still observe the characteristics of that element
Most elements in the periodic table are found in the ___________ state.
solid
half life
the amount of time it takes for half of the atoms in a set amount of a substance to decay
In a group (column) in the periodic table, that properties are most likely similar among these elements?
the chemical and physical properties are most likely similar
radioactivity
the process where atoms release particles and product energy
Electron orbital or cloud
the rings or paths that electrons are most likely found, similar to planets
Elements in the same column have similar properties because ______________________ (not a one word answer, an explanation)
they have the same number of electrons in the outer orbital (called valence electrons)
The name for the electrons in the outer most orbital is the ______________ electrons.
valence electrons
The number of _______ _______ (2 words) will determine what properties an element has (such melting point, reactivity, metallic, or conductivity)
valence electrons
metals
"Luster" is a physical property of : metals or non-metals?
non-metals
"brittle" is a physical property of metals or non-metals?
non-metals
"dull or waxy appearance, not shiny" is a physical property of metals or non-metals?
valence electrons
# of electrons found in the farthest out (or highest energy level) these are the electrons that can be transferred or shared with other atoms
what are the horizontal rows called in the periodic table?
-periods -there are 7
# of electrons allowed in first energy level (closest to the nucleus)
2
What non-metal family is the most reactive and why?
Halogens -because they only need only one more electron to reach 8 valence electrons.
The "Periodic Table" we use today has the elements arranged according to their _______
Increasing Atomic Numbers
Which element has three (3) electrons?
Lithium (Li)
Elements that have properties of both metals and non-metals and are found along the zig-zag line on the periodic chart.
Metalloids
non-metals
Most of these compounds are GASES at room temperature: (metals or non-metals?)
true/false an excited electron will not stay in the higher energy level for long, it will fall back to a lower level by releasing some of its energy
TRUE
Increasing Atomic Numbers
The "Periodic Table" we use today has the elements arranged according to their _______
Transition Metals
The elements found in group 3-12 that form or make compounds with distinctive colors. are called the ______________ ___________
valence electrons
The number of ______________ will determine what properties an element has (such melting point, reactivity, metallic, or conductivity)
Why are the Noble Gases unreactive?
Their outer energy level of electrons is full. They do not react with any other elements because they don't need any electrons and don't want to give any away either.
Periods
What are the rows called?
Lithium (Li)
Which element has three (3) electons?
Hydrogen
Which element is a "One-of-a-Kind"?
In the periodic table, the number of protons tell you the __________ number.
atomic
These are the smallest building blocks of matter that make up everything.
atoms
atomic mass
average mass of ONE atom of an element
Why are Na and K often stored in oil?
because they react rapidly with oxygen and water vapor
Non-metals break easier than metals. We say non-metals are weak or __________.
brittle
Metals are good conductors of _________ and _________.
heat and electricity
reactive
how likely an element is to undergo a chemical change
The atomic _______ of an atom is found by adding the protons and neutrons.
mass
"being a good conductor of electricity" is a physical property of metals or non-metals?
metals
"ductile" is a physical property of metals or non-metals?
metals
Are the following characteristics physical or chemical properties? Silvery colored Relatively soft Low melting points
physical properties
Protons have a _______ charge.
positive
The atomic number of an atom tell you the number of ___________.
protons. NOTE - the number of neutrons and electrons can vary from atom to atom of an element BUT THE NUMBER OF PROTONS MUST STAY THE SAME (or it would be a different element)
Families or Groups are the two names for which of the following: horizontal rows or vertical columns
vertical columns
metals
"Malleable" is a physical property of: metals or non-metals?
How many vertical columns are there in the periodic table? What are they called?
-18 vertical columns -called groups/families, often named after the first element in the group (the carbon family) -elements in the same group have similar properties because they have the SAME NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS!!
weight of an electron
1/2000 of the mass of a proton or neutron
How many total elements are there on the periodic table?
118
# of electrons allowed in the 2nd energy level
8
What is a symbol in the periodic table?
A one or two letter abbreviation of the element's name. First letter ALWAYS capitalized, second letter ALWAYS lower case
What metal family is the most reactive and why?
Alkali metals - they really want to give away the one valence electron that they have.
What does ductile mean?
Drawn into thin wires
What are the vertical columns called? (2 names)
Families or Groups
Which groups on the periodic table are the most reactive?
Groups 1 and 17
Which element is a "One-of-a-Kind" and does not have any neutrons?
Hydrogen
luster
Metals tend to be shiny. What is another word for "shiny"?
metals
Most of these compounds are SOLIDS at room temperature: (metals or non-metals)
1 -- Alkaline metals, 2 -- Alkaline Earth metals, 3-12 -- Transition metals, 13 -- Boron family, 14 -- Carbon family, 15 -- Nitrogen family, 16 -- Oxygen family, 17 -- Halogens, 18 -- Noble gases.
Name the groups/ families on the Periodic Table in this order - 1, 2, 3-12, 13. 14, 15, 16, 17, 18,
Neutrons have a ________ charge.
Neutral or no
right
Non-metals are found on the LEFT or RIGHT side of the periodic chart of elements?
What are the rows called?
Periods
_______ and _______ make up most of the mass of an atom.
Protons and neutrons
What does malleable mean?
That something can be hammered into thin sheets if struck, rather than having it shatter.
