THEORITICAL FOUNDATION OF NURSING
Four ways of knowing
Empirical Personal Aesthetic Ethical
Descriptive Theories (Factor Relating Theories)
First level of theory development. They describe phenomena and identify circumstances in which the phenomena occur.
Philosophy of Nursing
Sets forth the meaning of phenomena through analysis, reasoning and logical argument
Concepts
The building blocks—the primary elements—of a theory
Kristen Swanson
Theory of Caring
2 types of concepts
abstract and concrete
Virginia Henderson
assist clients in the performance of activities
Explanatory Theories (Factor Relating Theories)
cause and effect relationship are well explained
4 theory components
concepts, prepositions, assumptions, definitions
Prescriptive Theories (Situation Relating Theories)
deal with nursing action, test the validity and certainty of a specific nursing intervention
Predictive Theories (Situation Relating Theories)
describe future outcomes consistently
Nursing Theories
describe, explain, predicts, prescribes
Different types of Theories
descriptive, predictive, explanatory, and prescriptive theory
Hypotheses
educated guesses about the relationships between things or about what will happen in the future
phenomenon
empirical data and perceived as physically tangible experiences
knowledge
facts, information, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject.
Metaparadigm Concepts
highest level of knowledge
Paradigm
mean "pattern"
scientia
means "knowledge"
Meta
means "with"
Nursing Paradigm
person, health, environment, nursing
theoritical framework
ready-made map for the study
Metaparadigm
refers to the most abstract aspect of the structure of nursing knowledge
proposition
relationship between various concept
assumptions
researcher believes that is true, but there is no universal proof
Conceptual Models or Frameworks
researcher's perception of a particular phenomenon
research
systematic method of studying a phenomenon
research
systematic method pf studying a phenomenon that creates and enhances a body of knowledge
Science
systematic of the body of knowledge used in a discipline of study