THINK Social Psychology 1st edition by Kimberly Duff. Chapter 6.

Cognitive dissonance.

The anxiety that arises from acting in a way discordant with your attituses. This anxiety is resolved by adjusting one's attituses to be in line with the behavior.

Unconditioned stimulus. (UCS)

Stimulus that elicits a response automatically, without learning taking place.

Conditioned stimulus. (CS)

Stimulus that, only by repeated association with a particular unconditional stimulus, comes to evoke the response associated with the unconditioned stimulus.

Chronic accessibility.

Accessibility arising from frequent and recent exposure to a construct that has permanence.

Observational learning.

Acquiring an attitude or behavior due to the observation of others exhibiting that attitude or behabior.

Explicit attitudes.

Attitudes of which one is aware, and that one can control.

Implicit attitudes.

Attitudes that are automatically formed and activated without our even being aware of it.

Post decision dissonance.

Cognitive dissonance that results from having to reject one appealing choice in favor of another.

Attitudes.

Having an evaluative component toward a stimulus that is made up of affective, behavioral, and cognitive information.

Conditioned response. (CR)

Learned response to the conditioned stimulus that was previously a neutral stimulus.

Impression management.

Process by which people either consciously or unconsciously attempt to monitor how they appear to others by regulating the information conveyed about themselves in a social interaction, and thus attitude change is more likely when counterattitudinal behavior occurs in public.

Unconditioned response. (UCR)

Response that occurs automatically in reaction to some stimulus without learning taking place.

Ambivalence.

Simultaneously experiencing strong contradictory emotions or motivations.

Name letter effect.

Tendency to show a preference for letters in our own name and prefer stimuli that contain those letters.

Implicit Association Test (IAT).

Test that measures how easily we associate categories with positive or negative attitudes, including measures in categories ranging from racial and religious attitudes to attitudes about presidents.

Accessibility.

The degree to which a concept is active in our consciousness.

Mere exposure effect.

The phenomenon whereby objects become better liked with exposure.

Theory of planned behavior.

Theory that attitudes, social norms, and the perceived control of the individual lead to behavior.

Self affirmation theory.

Theory that we are more open to attitudinal change when we have recently been given an opportunity to affirm our core vues and identity.

Classical conditioning.

Type of learning by which a neutral stimulus (UCS) gets paired with a stimulus that elicits a response (UCR). Through repeated pairings, the neutral stimulus (CS) by itself elicits the response (CR) of the second stimulus.

Operant conditioning.

Type of learning in which the frequency of a behavior is determined by reinforcement and punishment.