Topic 10: The Renaissance and Reformation (1300-1650) Quizzes
D
Anabaptists believed that A. baptism was a Catholic ritual that Protestants should reject. B. babies should be baptized immediately after birth. C. infant baptism should be followed by an adult baptism. D. infants were too young to be baptized.
A
Based on the text, which northern European Renaissance writer would have most appreciated the printing revolution for eventually allowing everyday people to purchase and read their own copies of the Bible? A. Desiderius Erasmus B. Sir Thomas More C. François Rabelais D. William Shakespeare
D
Based on the text, which statement BEST describes William Shakespeare's genius as a writer? A. he always pressed for social reforms B. he explored radical ideas and institutions C. he rejected ideal societies of peace and harmony D. he expressed universal themes in everyday settings
B
Christian humanists contributed to the reformation because they A. suggested that religion should be tailored to meet the needs of the people. B. urged people to return to the values and practices of the early Christian church. C. supported a powerful Roman Catholic Church that exerted influence in secular matters. D. taught that the Bible should be interpreted by well-educated scholars who would then teach others.
B
Here is a general sequence of events in the development of the Renaissance. Which statement BEST completes the second event? Event 1: Italy's location encouraged trade. Event 2: Event 3: Italy's families became art patrons. A. Italian merchants helped artists and writers study in Muslim lands. B. Italian merchants gained wealth and political power. C. The Renaissance spread beyond Italy to other countries in Europe. D. New Italian city-states emerged to sponsor the Renaissance.
D
How did Copernicus and other astronomers affect the way people viewed the universe? A. Their observations supported the Ptolemaic view of the universe. B. Their experiments proved that the ancient classical astronomers had been correct about how the universe functioned. C. Their discoveries reinforced traditional Church teachings on Earth, the stars, and other planets. D. Their observations proved that the universe was heliocentric.
B
How did Renaissance humanists differ from medieval thinkers? A. They focused solely on religious subjects and emphasized individual achievements. B. They were interested in inquiry and exploration, as well as the idea that humans could perfect themselves. C. They rejected the classical works from Greece and Rome, focusing their work on Biblical studies. D. They looked to the classical works from Greece and Rome, focusing on a narrow, specialized area of study.
A
How did the printing press impact Europe? A. It allowed ideas to spread quickly among many people. B. It encouraged the continued use of Latin as the common language. C. It made the Counter-Reformation possible. D. Printed bibles united the various Protestant sects.
B
Ignatius of Loyola was a key figure in the Catholic Reformation because he actively put into practice the Church's new emphasis on A. maintaining the authority of the pope. B. spiritual discipline and religious education. C. identifying and executing heretics. D. establishing a military order of priests.
A
King Henry VIII hoped that by breaking with the Catholic Church he would A. end papal authority in England. B. become the leading figure in the Protestant Reformation. C. ensure the right of his daughters to inherit the throne. D. free Church worship from Catholic rituals.
B
The Council of Trent is important because it A. brokered a peace between Protestants and Catholics in Europe. B. began the process of change that became the Catholic Reformation. C. reinforced the idea that people could still reach salvation through Protestantism. D. established the Catholic doctrine that the Bible was the only source of religious truth.
A
The ghetto in Venice was an example of how A. restrictions on the Jewish community increased. B. there was greater tolerance for Jewish populations. C. Christians were willing to have Jews live among them. D. efforts to convert Jews to Christianity increased.
B
The ideas of Francis Bacon and René Descartes led to a new scientific method because they both believed that A. the discoveries of the ancient philosophers were valid but should be documented in a modern way. B. truth could only be determined after a process of investigation. C. the traditional teachings of the Church should form the basis of all scientific inquiry. D. basic scientific fact is obvious to those who look hard enough at available data.
A
What Renaissance artistic theme appeared in the works of Van Eyck and Bruegel? A. peasant life B. the rise of the merchant class C. poverty in the cities D. religious scenes
D
What characteristic was shared by all the important scientists of the Scientific Revolution? A. The belief that the ancient philosophers were correct in their original observations of the laws of nature. B. The belief that traditional methods of inquiry and discovery were correct, but needed greater accuracy. C. The importance of challenging authority at all times in the pursuit of truth. D. Truth is only achievable through a process of inquiry and observation.
D
What did the priest Johann Tetzel do that prompted Martin Luther to take action? A. Tetzel sold Bibles printed in Latin. B. Tetzel accused Luther of heresy. C. Tetzel challenged Luther to defend his 95 Theses in public. D. Tetzel sold indulgences, promising buyers an assured entry into heaven.
B
What main catalyst drove Henry VIII to establish the Church of England? A. The pope offended Henry by not recognizing his efforts to defend the Catholic faith against Martin Luther. B. The pope would not grant him an annulment so he could remarry and produce a male heir. C. A staunch Protestant, Henry wanted to break away from the Roman Catholic Church. D. Henry wanted to dissolve Catholic monasteries and use the money for the English treasury.
A
What new Renaissance artistic technique, partly revived from classical times, did Leonardo da Vinci use? A. realism, as in his painting of the Mona Lisa B. panel painting, as in his painting of The Last Supper C. two-dimensional views, as in his sketches of inventions D. angular style, as in his sketches of architectural buildings
B
What purposes and themes were common to the writers Erasmus, More, and Rabelais? A. using the vernacular and rejecting realism B. humanism, education, and social reforms C. promoting justice and valuing organized religion D. ideal societies and how to achieve them
A
What style influenced the work of the architect Filippo Brunelleschi? A. Classical forms from ancient Greece and Rome. B. A Gothic style that created orderly buildings. C. Medieval designs that emphasized religious themes. D. A blend of Gothic and Medieval styles that created uniform buildings.
B
What theme did Machiavelli address in his writing? A. high ideals to improve society B. how to gain and maintain power C. guidance for men and women to develop multiple talents D. instruction for rulers and courtiers on how to improve themselves
C
What was a goal that the writers Erasmus, More, and Rabelais all had in common? A. translating biblical stories B. telling comical tales C. changing and reforming society D. abandoning old religions
A
What was a political impact of Machiavelli's book, The Prince? A. It made people reconsider views of government and political power. B. It gave courtiers political and social ideals to follow. C. It encouraged citizens in Italy to oppose corruption and oppression. D. It led to the formation of a new government in Italy.
A
What was one economic effect of the Renaissance? A. Increased trade led to thriving Italian banks. B. The Roman Catholic Church gave money to artists. C. Wealthy Italian merchants invested in improving Muslim port cities. D. Wealthy families like the Medicis purchased ancient treasures of Athens.
B
What was one impact of the printing revolution on European society? A. European readers learned classical languages as books became widely available. B. More people had access to knowledge because books became less expensive. C. Books were published in great numbers but were a luxury that only the wealthy could afford. D. The printing press made books more elegantly designed than in the past.
C
What was one important result of the Catholic Reformation? A. At the Council of Tent, the Catholic Church ended Protestantism in Europe. B. Catholics and Protestants established a spirit of cooperation. C. The Council of Trent reaffirmed traditional doctrine, tried to end abuses, and established new schools. D. Martin Luther's teachings were incorporated into Church doctrine.
B
What was the one key belief shared by the different Anabaptist sects? A. Violent protest was the best way to quickly achieve social change. B. Only adults should be baptized. C. Property should be distributed equally among all people. D. There should be a state religion.
D
What were some themes explored by the artist Jan van Eyck? A. royalty, urban life, freedom B. nature, upheaval, upper classes C. classical themes, mythology, history D. religious themes, townspeople, peasant life
C
Which BEST describes a main cause of the northern European Renaissance? A. the end of the plague B. the discovery of realistic painting techniques C. the invention of the printing press D. the shift from urban to agricultural lifestyles
B
Which of Calvin's beliefs set him apart from Catholics? A. papal infallibility B. predestination C. link between personal wealth and salvation D. acceptance of religious rituals
D
Which statement BEST explains an artistic impact of the Italian Renaissance? A. The use of religious themes in art diminished drastically. B. Art moved away from realism and toward mystery. C. Art became more stylized to appeal to wealthy patron families. D. The use of perspective in art allowed more accurate representations.
B
Why is it important that the scientific method is a structured step-by-step process? A. It ensures that all scientists start with a hypothesis. B. It ensures that observations and discoveries are the result of steps that can be repeated. C. It makes it harder to duplicate the final result. D. It makes it possible for the hypothesis to always be proven correct.
D
Why was the work of Andreas Vesalius so important to medicine? A. His development of a more powerful microscope allowed scientists to see microorganisms for the first time. B. His studies of the human circulatory system correctly identified the heart as a pump that pushed blood through the human body. C. His work with ointments to prevent infection led the way for later discoveries in disease prevention. D. His book accurately describing human anatomy helped other medical scientists' research and discoveries.
C
Witch hunts were most deadly in the German states, Switzerland, and France because A. those countries had higher populations of social outcasts. B. Protestants had a special fear of magic, which they believed came from the devil. C. those countries had the most religious conflicts. D. the Inquisition was most powerful in those areas.
C
Isaac Newton's contributions to science are sometimes referred to as the "Newtonian Revolution" because he A. was directly responsible for advances in all the fields of science of his time. B. totally disproved the traditional Ptolemaic belief that the sun and planets revolved around Earth. C. combined physics, mathematics, and astronomy to explain why the planets moved as they did. D. developed the laws of geometry that are still used today.
A
Martin Luther helped shape the Protestant Reformation by A. successfully challenging abuses of the Catholic Church. B. setting up a theocracy in Geneva, Switzerland. C. encouraging and supporting the Peasants' Revolt. D. working with Anabaptists to form a united Protestant front against the Catholic Church.
B
Petrarch's work was an example of typical Renaissance characteristics because he A. studied poets and playwrights. B. valued education and classical learning. C. assembled manuscripts for churches. D. revived an interest in medieval scholarship.
C
Reformers saw John Calvin's theocracy in Geneva as a model community that A. inspired German Lutherans to unite with Calvinists against the Catholic Church. B. was rejected by French Lutherans, who clashed with French Calvinists. C. gained many followers, leading to religious wars in Germany and France. D. gained a peaceful acceptance, particularly in Germany, France, and Ireland.
A
Some of the most profound work of the Scientific Revolution came from Isaac Newton. His work included A. the discovery that motion in the universe can be measured and described mathematically. B. the development of a microscope that could see tiny organisms. C. the discovery that certain chemicals are the building blocks of life. D. the discovery that the heart pumps blood through the circulatory system.
A
The Protestant Reformation swept through Northern Europe when Martin Luther called for A. an end to Church corruption and the selling of indulgences. B. an end to papal authority and a peasants' revolt against the Church. C. the pope to end the abuses of the Church and then resign. D. the clergy be allowed to marry and a redistribution of Church lands.
A
The discoveries of astronomers like Copernicus and Galileo A. established that the universe was sun-centered, or heliocentric. B. reinforced most of the traditional teachings of philosophers and the Church. C. were supported by most scientists of the time. D. proved that ancient philosophers, like Ptolemy, were correct in their views of how the universe works.
