Topic 11: Musculoskeletal and Integumentary Systems

Osteomyelitis is a self-limiting inflammation of the bones secondary to overuse.

False

Structural scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine that disappears upon forward bending.

False

Manifestations of herpes zoster include:

a dermatomal distribution of lesions and pain.

To avoid the progression of cutaneous lesions, a patient with SLE should:

avoid sun exposure.

At puberty when sebaceous gland secretion increases, follicle obstruction and infection may occur, resulting in the condition of

acne vulgaris

Rheumatoid arthritis is commonly associated with the presence of rheumatoid factor autoantibodies in the blood stream. This indicates that rheumatoid arthritis is likely to be

an autoimmune process

Melanocytes

contain pigment

Nutritional support of the burned individual is designed to

create a positive nitrogen balance.

The presence of a widely distributed pruritic maculopapular rash and erythema is commonly associated with:

drug reaction.

Susie is a 4-year-old girl brought to the clinic for evaluation of dry, scaly, itchy patches on her face, antecubital areas, and behind the ears and knees. The skin is dry overall and there is evidence of scratching. This is likely a case of:

eczema

A patient with SLE is treated with low-dose oral steroids to reduce joint inflammation during intermittent flare-ups. Steroids are the drug of choice because they:

effectively suppress a variety of immune responses.

The time between the end of burn shock and closure of the burn to less than 20% of total body surface area is called the

emergent phase

In older women, osteoporosis is thought to be primarily due to

estrogen deficiency

The treatment of choice for major burn injury is

excision of the burn followed by skin grafting

Muscular dystrophy includes a number of muscle disorders that are

genetically transmitted

Acute, painful inflammation along the distribution of a spinal nerve (dermatome) is characteristic of

herpes zoster

Persons with SLE are at risk for developing numerous complications of various organs because of:

immune injury to basement membranes.

Gouty arthritis is a complication of

inadequate renal excretion of uric acid.

Contact dermatitis is most likely to occur in:

infants

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rheumatic disease attributed to:

autoimmune mechanisms.

Which of the following cancers is considered to be the most malignant?

Melanoma

J.R. is a 33-year-old lawyer who has sustained a leg fracture as a result of colliding with a tree while skiing. His fracture has been diagnosed as "compound, transverse fracture of the tibia and fibula." The type of fracture J.R. sustained is best described as a bone

broken and protruding through skin

Although skin manifestations may occur in numerous locations, the classic presentation of SLE includes:

butterfly pattern rash on the face across the bridge of the nose.

A topical therapy that would tend to dry the skin is

gel

Pain with passive stretching of a muscle is indicative of

noncontractile tissue injury

The primary aim of burn wound management is to:

prevent microbial colonization of the wound.

Corticosteroids are commonly administered for the management of skin disorders because they

reduce inflammation

Deep pressure sores

result from thrombosis of deep vessels

Itchy linear burrows on the hands and wrists are associated with:

scabies

The most common cause of burn injuries in children is:

scalding with hot water.

C.S. is a 28-year-old woman diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis 2 years previously. She has periods of relatively mild joint stiffness and pain interspersed with periods of increased symptom severity. A clinical finding consistent with C.S.'s diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis would be

systemic manifestations of inflammation.

Complete healing of a bone fracture occurs when

the callus has been completely replaced with mature bone.

Heat loss through the skin is reduced by: .

vasoconstriction

Rickets is characterized by soft, weak bones resulting from

vitamin D deficiency.

J.R. is a 33-year-old who has sustained a leg fracture. His fracture has been diagnosed as "compound, transverse fracture of the tibia and fibula." Which of the following would be an unlikely complication of the injury?

Air emboli

Joints affected by osteoarthritis are usually reddened, warm, and painful to palpation.

False

Osteoarthritis is a joint disorder caused by "wear and tear" with a minimal amount of inflammation.

True

Reiter syndrome is an inflammatory arthritis that develops after an infection in susceptible individuals.

True

The majority of malignant bone cancers are metastases from other sites.

True

A dislocation is a more severe joint separation than a subluxation.

True

Compartment syndrome can occur after soft tissue injury and is manifested as pain and ischemia.

True