Trombley World History Chapter 13

According to mercantilists, the prosperity of a nation depended on what?

A large supply of bullion, or gold and silver

Who believed he had discovered a westward passage to Asia, when in fact he had actually discovered the Americas?

Christopher Columbus

Sixteenth-century Spanish colonial holdings in America included what places?

Cuba, Peru, and Mexico

The Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in 1494, did what?

Established a line of demarcation between territories controlled by Portugal and those controlled by Spain

Which explorer is remembered as the first to circumnavigate the glove?

Ferdinand Magellan

What was the difference between French and English settlements?

French settlements were temporary.

Where did the English establish a permanent settlement in America in the seventeenth century?

Jamestown

What is the correct list of social classes from colonial Latin America?

Peninsulares, creoles, mestizos, mulattoes

What nation sponsored the first successful circumnavigation of the glove?

Spain

What was the name for the journey of slaves from Africa to America?

The Middle Passage

How did Spanish goals in the Americas differ from the English?

The Spanish sought riches and treasures.

Vasco da Gama's discovery of a route to India by sea proved to be what?

Very profitable, since da Gama returned with a cargo of spices and made a profit of several thousand percent.

Vespucci's comments about the indigenous peoples of the Americas are evidence of what?

Vespucci knows little about their society.

The________ is the difference in value between what a nation imports and what it exports over time.

balance of trade

What was a settlement of people living in a new territory linked with the parent country by trade and direct government control?

colony

The Portuguese and Spanish profited from their colonies in Latin America from what things?

gold and silver, farming and landowning, trade with Europe

What was the name of the set of principles that dominated economic thought in the seventeenth century?

mercantilisml

Originally, African slaves were brought to the Americas to supply labor for what?

sugarcane plantations