TSIS

Chapter 7: templates for so what

Although X may seem trivial, it is in fact crucial in terms of today's concern over ___ Ultimately what is at sake here is _____ These findings have important implications for the broader domain of _____ If we are right about _____ then major consequences follow for _____

Chapter 4: templates to avoid using I

An author's argument can presented without the use of first person X is right that ____ The evidence shows that ______ Anyone familiar with ______ should agree that ______

Chapter 2: goal of the chapter

Explain how to summarize and derail the various tactics for summarizing Be true to what the original author says while also emphasizing those aspects of what the author says that interests you To do this you need to disregard your own belief for the time being Provide enough information so a reader can judge on their own Don't mistake the author's opinion

Chapter 2: key points

It yourself in their shoes Suspend your own belief for a time, explicitly state when you are giving your opinion on the subject Know where you are going A good summary has a focus or spin that allows the summary to fit with your own agenda while still being true to the text are summarizing for Use signal verbs that fit the action Making a claim - argue, insist, suggest Expressing Agreement - endorse, admire, praise Questioning or Disagreeing - contend, reject, repudiate Making recommendations - advocate, encourages, plead

Chapter 9: a translation recipe

Know the difference between academic speak and everyday speak Being able to translate into everyday speak can make writing more clear for readers This also helps keep us honest and prevents us from getting carried away by our own verbosity (wordiness)

Chapter 7: why does it matter?

Many writers assume that audiences will know the answer to who cares or figure it out on their own Students can leave from lectures feeling like outsiders Crucial for writers or speakers to address why their argument matters Some writers who fail to show that others should care or already do care about their claims will ultimately lose their audience's interest Need to clarify the importance of what you're saying

Chapter 3: blend the author's word with your own

New framing material around a quote represents the author's word while giving those words the students own spin The follow up statement echoes just enough of the author's language while still moving the discussion in the students own direction Framing creates a kind of hybrid mic of the original author's words and those of your own

Chapter 4: I say stage

Offering your own argument to what they have to say Intimidating stage - feels like you have go be pro on s subject in order to have a valid argument But, good arguments are based on knowledge Winning arguments are based on basic rhetorical strategies

Chapter 4: disagree

Often the first thing someone associates with critical thinking May seem like the easiest way to develop an essay Finding something against your topic, summarizing it, arguing with it Need to do more than simply disagreeing Must show persuasive reasons as to why you disagree To make an argument, you must give supporting reasons to your viewpoint

Chapter 6: why it's important

People will have a different viewpoint, so address objections before people form them You may come off as close minded Your writing gets enhanced since you're confident enough about your argument to criticize it

Chapter 6: key points

Planting a naysayer addresses the possible objections to your argument before others can for you Represent differing viewpoints fairly Make sure that any viewpoint you describe are less convincing than your own

Chapter 8: pointing words

Point or refer to a concept from the previous sentence Example : this, that, these, those, their, such, his , he , her, she, it These help create the flow that enable readers to move effortlessly through your text Avoid free floating pointers Pointing words that don't refers to s clearly defined object Make sure their is only one possible subject

Chapter 3: quotations are orphans

Quotes are words that have been taken from their original Context and that need to be integrated into their new textual surroundings Th chapter offers two ways to do this: -Chose a quote wisely, with an eye of how well they support a particular part of your text -Surrounding every major quotation with a frame explaining whose words they are, what the quotation means, and how the quotation related to your own text

Chapter 8: repeat key terms and phrases

Repeat your key term or their synonyms to help bind the paragraph together

Chapter 8: repeat yourself but with a difference

Saying the same thing you just said ins slightly different way to avoid sounding monotonous Echo what you said while also moving your text into new territory Use transitions, pointing words and repetition of key terms and phrases to accomplish this

Chapter 2: how can we apply theses lessons

Student can use these skills to Assure they do not plagiarize Understand how to summarize without providing any bias Understand how to incorporate an opinion appropriately

Chapter 2: why is summarizing important

Summarizing is an important skill because it teaches people to pick out certain aspects of larger writings and improves reading skills. It also allows other people to read summaries of writing already written and determine if the work is relevant to them

Chapter 1: introduce a view that has become so widely accepted that it's the normal way of thinking about something

That standard way of thinking about topic X has it that ______ Many people assume that _______ It is often said that ______

Chapter 9: academic writing doesn't mean setting aside your own voice

The goal of this chapter is to counteract this common misconception Making academic writing should be relaxed, easy to follow, and fun to help you connect with readers

Chapter 7: what about reader who already know why it matters

These questions till have to be answered for everything you write

Chapter 7: templates for who cares

This interpretation challenges the work of those critics who have long assumed that _____ These findings challenge the work of earlier researchers who tended to assume that _____ Recent studies like these shed new light on _____ which previous studies had not addressed

Chapter 6: goal

To make your writing better by anticipating what other might say against your argument and make it stronger Writing isn't just s bunch of facts piled together You have to open a dialogue No single device more quickly improves a piece of writing that planting a naysayer in the text

Chapter 4: templates

Using a template from previous chapters can help distinguish who is saying what in your writing Although X makes the best possible ______ I am not persuaded My view however contrary to what X has argued is that ____ Using words like "my view" or "I am not persuaded" indicated you view

Chapter 4: Voice markers

Using voice markers can also hell the reader distinguish who is speaking Voice markers are words like " or it would seem" indicate the author is shifting to his/her view My own view is that what X insists is a _____ in fact a _____

Chapter 8: use transitions

Usually placed or near the start of sentences so they can signal where the text is going Addition Elaboration Example Cause and effect Comparison Contest Concession Conclusion

Chapter 3: quotation sandwich

Way to adequately frame a quote The statement introducing it serves as the top slice of bread, it should explain who is speaking and set up what the quotation says The explanation following the quote serves as the bottom slice. It should explain why you consider the quotation important and heat hij take it to say.

Chapter 1: use a view previously held by yourself as the "they say" view and respond to it

When I was a child, I used to think that ______ Although I should know better by now, I cannot help thinking that _____ At the American time I believe ______, I also believe ______

Chapter 6: how to apply it

When doing research, find sources that disagree with you viewpoint Remember you can only agree with a few point about an issue It not all of nothing Use other options to revise your own Plant a naysayer after you have developed some of your argument

Chapter 4: templates for agreeing

X's theory of ______ is extremely useful because if sheds light on difficult problem of _____ I agree that ______, a point that needs emphasizing since so many people still believe ____

Chapter 4: agree and disagree

You can still stress argument or disagreement Disagreeing Although I agree with X up to a point, I cannot accept ______ Agreeing Although I disagree with much that X says, I fully endorse his final conclusion that _____ How to agree and disagree at the same time I'm of two minds about X's claim that _____

Chapter 3: frame every quotation

You must present quotes in a way that makes their relevance and meaning clear to your reader. To this you must build s frame Quotations without a frame and explanation are called dangling or hit and run quotations

Chapter 3: how not to introduce quotations

You should introduce quotations by saying something like X asserts an idea that, or s quote by X says Phrases like these are redundant and misleading

Chapter 4: the tree ways to respond

Yes No Okay, but

Chapter 4: disagreeing techniques

"Duh move" Disagreeing not with the position, but with the belief that it is s new revelation It is true that ______; but we already knew that "Twist it" Agree with the evidence presented, but show how this evidence actually supports your contrary position

Chapter 1: this book is

A guide to the basic moves of academic writing It provides templates for diffrent writing

Chapter 1: introduce what others are saying

A number of sociologist have recently suggested the X's work has several fundamental problems It becomes common today to dismiss ______ In their recent work, Y and Z have offered harsh critiques of _____ for ______

Chapter 2: satiric summary

A writer deliberately gives his or her own spin to someone else's argument in order to reveal a glaring shortcoming in it Effective for critiquing Use verbs that fit the action Avoid he said she said Fails to reflect accuracy Use precise signal verbs

Chapter 1:thesis

A writer need to indicate clearly what the thesis is and what larger conversation it is responding to The conversation the thesis comes from should be stated clearly in the paper Strategically place supporting arguments in an appealing order to keep audience engaged

Chapter 3: templates for introducing and explains quotes

According to X _____ in other words, X believes ______ X disagrees when he writes _______, X's point is that ________ In X's view, _______ in making this comment, X urges us to ______

Chapter 4: only three ways to respond?

Agreeing Disagreeing Agreeing and also disagreeing State clearly at the start where you stand Readers will then have s strong understand of your opinion Get to the point I agree I disagree I am of two minds

Chapter 1: summarizing a point that is not directly stated is what "they say" but is implied or assumed

Although X does not say so directly, she apparently assumes that ______ While they rarely admit as much, ______ often taken for granted that ______

Chapter 3: can you over analyze a quotation

As a general rule the most explanatory framing is needed for quotation that may be hard for readers to process, quotations that are long and complex, filled with details, or that contain hidden complexities When in doubt go for it, its better to risk being overly explicit about what you take a quotation to mean then to leave the quotation dangling and your readers in doubt

Chapter 7: who cares

Asks you to identify a person or group who cares about your claim

Chapter 5: distinguishing what you say from what they say

Being by determining who is saying what in the text you read Examine the text and look for words that indicate the author's view The author might not explicitly state his or her view on an issue, but as the readers we must analyze the information to determine it

Chapter 8: connecting the parts

Connect your sentences When sentences are disconnected it makes it difficult to determine a subject Establish clear relations between one statement and the next by connecting those statements

Chapter 4: Agreeing

Don't just copy views you agree with Even though you are agreeing you have to share new ideas and add something to value to the conversation Use evidence that supports the author's claim that they did not use Use your own personal experience Goal : show some differences between your own position and the one you agree with to ensure your are no just "parroting"

Chapter 3: quote relevant passages

Don't select quotations just to demonstrate you read the author's work, you need to make sure they support your own argument Given the evolving and messed nature of writing, you may think that you've found the perfect quotation to support your argument only to discover later on, that your focus has changed

Chapter 9: templates

First state what they say (academic speak), then translate it into what you say (everyday speak) Scholar X argues ______, plainly put ______

Chapter 7: so what

Important when you are writing for general readers who don't necessarily have a strong investment in the c,ash if views you are setting up The best way to answer questions about the larger consequences of your claim is to appeal to something that your audience already figures to care about Applying your argument to real world applications

Chapter 1: throughout your paper. Remind the audience of what you are responding to

In conclusion, then, as I suggested earlier, defender of _____ can't have it both ways. Their assertion that ____ is contradicted by their claim that ______

Chapter 1: summarizing a debate that present two or more views

In discussion X, one controversial issue has been ____. On the other other hand ______, argues ______

Chapter 1: what does they say, I say mean

To sate your own ideas as response to others The say _____, I say ____ formula

Chapter 1: ways to support your paper

Start with what others are saying and then introduce your idea as a response Generally start by summarizing the ideas you're responding to and save the detailed elaboration for later in your paper Illustrative question Revealing fact or statistics A relevant anecdote

Chapter 1: Main point of subheading

Templates as examples of subheadings

Chapter 6: examples of how to make concessions while still standing your ground

While it is true that _____, it does not necessarily follow that _____ On the one hand, I agree with that _____. But on the other hand _____, I still insist that

Chapter 4: Introducing objections informally

But is my proposal realistic? What are the chances of if actually happening? However foes the evidence I've cited prove conclusively that _____ ?

Chapter 6: examples for naming a naysayer

But social Darwinist would certainly take issue with the argument that _____ Biologist of course may sent to question whether _____

Chapter 7: consider this

By adding something like ____ use to think you add indication that people need to hear this