Tutorial 2/3

defining an important style

!important keyword: page 95

css grids

219

character encoding

@charset rule page 96

fixed layout

A fixed page layout that expresses all container widths in pixels and remains the same size regardless of the size of the browser window. page 176

style inheritance

A process in which style properties are passed from a parent element to its children. page 93

CSS at rule

A rule used to send directives to the browser indicating how the contents of the CSS file should be interpreted and parsed.

contextual selector

A select that matches elements based on their positions in the document hierarchy. page 109

RGB triplet

A set of numbers representing intensities of red, green, and blue.

lorem ipsum

A setting in page makeup software that produces Greek dummy text. page 216

reset style sheet

A style sheet that removes many of the browser-specific style rules. page 172

elastic layout

All measurements are expressed in em units and based on the default font size used in the page. page 177

Viewport unit

Another relative unit which the lengths are expressed as a percentage of the width or height of the browser window.

wildcard selector

The asterisk selector (*) which selects all elements in a document.

list-marker

The default browser style for unordered and ordered lists is to display each list iten alongside a symbol known as list-marker.

browser styles(user agent styles)

The styls built into the browser itself.

framework

a software package that provides a library of tools to design your website, including stylesheets for grid layouts and built-in scripts to provide support for a variety of browsers and devices.

inline styles

are added as element attributes within an HTML document and thus apply to that element alone.

external styles

are defined in an external CSS file

The W3C supported style properties most browsers supply their own extended library of style properties known as__________

browser extensions

Browser extensions are identified through the use of a ___________, which indicates the browser vendor that created and supports the property.

browser vendor

Opacity

defines how solid the color appears. ranging from 0 (completely transparent) up to 1.0 (completely opaque)

style rule

defines the styles applied to an element or group of elements, is the building block of the CSS style sheet. page 90

Relative units

expressed relative to other objects within the webpage. An em unit is commonly used for a relative unit

floating

floating an element takes it out of position and places it along the left or right edge of its parent element. page 183

web safe fonts

font displayed reliably in most web browsers on most devices

Selector

identifies an element or a group of elements within the document and the property: value pairs specify the style properties and their values applied to that element or elements. page 90

Tracking

measures the amount of space between words

leading

measures the amount of spae between lines of text and is set using the folling line-height property.

lightness

measures the brightness of the color. (all of the above 3 are on page 99) (measured in percent)

saturation

measures the intensity of the chosen color. (measured in percent)

CSS3 is not based on a single specification but rather is built upon several _______________, where each module is focused on a separate design topic

modules

create grid on own practice

on page 207

defining semi- opaque colors

page 100

selector patterns

page 108

attribute selectors table

page 112

Web Font the definition font is supplied to the browser in an external file.

page 118

setting the font size

page 121

using google fonts

page 121

root em unit(rem)

page 122

controling spacing and indentation

page 125

aligning text horizontally and vertically

page 128

combining all text formating in a single style

page 128

Formatting lists

page 134

creating an outline style

page 134

working with width and heith in the page layout

page 178

clearing a float

page 187

content box model and border box model

page 191

container collapse

page 195

keeping a container from collapsing

page 197

setting up a grid

page 205

designing the grid rows

page 208

designing the grid columns

page 209

adding page content

page 211

outlining a grid

page 216

assigning content to grid cells

page 220

positioning objects

page 226

fixed and inherited positioning

page 230

creating an irregular line wrap

page 240

handling overflow

page 240

clipping an element

page 243

stacking elements

page 244

Hierarhy of styles

page 86

embedded and inline styles sheets

page 90/91

vendor prefixes for browser extensions

page 91

RGB values are sometimes expressed as hexadecimal numbers.

page 99

absolute positioning

places an element at specific coordinates either in a page or within a container element. page 227

progressive enhancement

places code conforming to older standards before newer properties page 104

static positioning

positions the element where it would have fallen naturally within the flow of the document.

Pixel

represents a single dot on the output device. A pixel is a relative unit because the actual pixel size depends on the resolution and density of the output device.

Fluid Layout

sets the width of page elements as a percent of the available screen width. page 178

attribute selector

specified with an attribute name and optional value comparison enclosed in square brackets ([ and ]), matches elements with the specified attribute or the specified attribute and value. page 111

working with fonts

starts on page 115

grid layouts

starts on page 202

user-defined styles

styles defined by the user based on the settings he or she makes in configuring the browser. example: a user with a visual impairment could alter the browser's default settings.

problem solving: principles of design

table on page 245

color values

the color is given by an exact numeric represenatation. page 98

Responsive Design

the layout and design of the page changes in response to the device that is rendering it. page 177

embedded styles (internal styles)

the styles added to the head of an HTML document.

hue

the tint of the color (measured in degrees)

fixed grid

the widths of the columns and margins are specified in pixels, where every column has a fixed position.

The @font-face rule

to access and load a web font, you add the @font-face rule to the style sheet.

Absolute units

units that are fixed in size regardless of the output device and are usually used only with printed media.

relative positioning

used to nudge an element out of its normal position in the document flow.

Sibling selector

used to select elements based on elements that are adjacent to them in the document hierarchy. page 109

fluid grid

which column widths are expressed in percentages rather than pixels, is often used to provide more support across different devices.