Uark Family relations unit 2
Which of the following is a finding of the National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior about men's sexual behaviors?
Anal sex was most common in men aged 25 to 49 years of age.
Which of the following was concluded by Erickson in his research on emotion work?
Emotion work is a gender issue that looks different to men and women.
True or false: It is the husband's perception of equality that is most predictive of couple satisfaction in a family.
False
True or false: The relationship, or command, component of communication is less subtle than the report component, and it is often conveyed verbally.
False
Who among the following individuals exemplifies attentive listening?
Maggie, who lets her father talk to her about a scholarship without interrupting
Who among the following individuals exemplifies directive listening?
Mandy, who interrupts her English professor a few times during a lecture to ask questions
Identify the sociological reason for suppressing negative emotions.
Many cultures have a taboo against the expression of anger.
According to Blow and Hartnett's research, which of the following is concluded about infidelity?
Men are more likely to engage in sexual infidelity than women.
Identify a view of Talcott Parsons's theory of gender roles.
Men should be instrumental and women be expressive.
Identify a true statement about the sexuality of emotionally expressive couples.
Sex is often passionate, exciting, fun, and playful.
_____ refers to who a person is attracted to and want to have a relationship with.
Sexual orientation
What happens as a result of too much togetherness in a relationship?
The relationship becomes a form of bondage.
According to Emily Brown, which of the following happens in the process of infidelity?
When infidelity is revealed, both partners realize they will never be able to picture their marriage again in the same way.
Which of the following are put forth by the contemporary view of gender roles? (Check all that apply.)
Women can learn the value of independence from men. Men can learn the value of being more sensitive and caring from women.
According to Wood (2012), which of the following statements is true about women?
Women feel talking is worthwhile in its own right because it builds relationships.
What happens as a result of female circumcision?
Women often suffer from immediate health problems from the surgery.
the receiver is in a double bind when
a speaker creates a situation that calls into question the type of relationship the receiver has with a speaker
The _____ links gender-role development to the more general maturation of a child's thinking processes.
cognitive development theory
Mitch and Ally are a moderately intimate couple who give very less importance to sex. Despite this, the couple are committed to each other and value their relationship. This scenario exemplifies _____.
complementary couples
The term "______" refers to the learned characteristics and behaviors associated with being male or female in a particular culture.
gender
The most severe form of female circumcision in which the labia minor and labia majora are removed is called _____.
infibulation
Identify the terms used by therapists to describe the DINS dilemma. (Check all that apply.)
inhibited sexual desire hypoactive sexual desire
In persuasive listening, the listener is looking to _____.
jump in and control the direction of the conversation
According to Erickson's research, emotion work in families includes _____.
listening closely to a spouse's thoughts
People tend to have negative attitudes toward conflict because of the assumption that _____.
love is the opposite of hate
Which of the following are associated with passive communication? (Check all that apply.)
low self-esteem limited expressiveness
Which of the following do Westerners consider important while interacting?
maintaining direct eye contact
The self-stimulation of the genitals is known as _____.
masturbation
A general issue faced by new immigrants in the United States is that they _____.
must make decisions about adapting gender roles based on new norms
Body contact and posture exemplify _____.
nonverbal communication
In the context of sexual orientation, the term "heterosexual" indicates that _____.
one's sexual orientation is toward members of the other sex
In the context of sexual orientation, the term "homosexual" indicates that _____.
one's sexual orientation is toward members of the same sex
According to the National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior, _____ with another woman was the most prevalent same-sex behavior.
oral sex
Ian joins an engineering course as his parents want him to pursue a career in science. Despite wanting to become a professional actor, Ian restrains himself from expressing his true desire to his parents. This scenario is an example of _____.
passive communication
In society, the term "________" can refer either to being biologically female or male or to sexual activity.
sex
Which of the following are Anton van Leeuwenhoek and John Ham credited with discovering?
sperm swimming in human semen
Identify an unintended consequence linked to sexual behavior among adolescents.
teenage pregnancies
Which of the following are the unintended consequences of sexual behavior among adolescents and young adults? (Check all that apply.)
teenage pregnancies sexually transmitted infections
Gay and lesbian couples differ from heterosexual couples in that _____.
they tend to show low levels of physiological arousal during a disagreement
True or false: Incest taboos prohibiting intercourse between parents and children and between siblings are nearly universal across all cultures.
true
True or false: Sexual orientation refers to an individual's feelings of personal and social identification as a gay or lesbian, based on these attractions, behaviors expressing them, and membership in a community of other people who share these attractions.
true
True or false: Some people have been socialized to falsely assume that the essence of marriage is harmony at any price. Such beliefs can be devastating to a relationship in the long run.
true
According to the National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior, men in the 25-to-49-year age categories experienced _____ more often than other sexual behaviors.
vaginal intercourse
Identify a true statement about mental work in families. 1.It ensures equal division of work, thus contributing to marital satisfaction. 2. It is visible and easy to measure. 3. It is estimated that women do most of the mental work in families. 4.It includes listening closely to a spouse's feelings.
3. It is estimated that women do most of the mental work in families.
_____ occurs when the verbal and nonverbal messages relay information that causes some question or conflict about the relationship between the speaker and the receiver.
A double bind
Which of the following statements is true of happy couples, according to the national study conducted by Olson et al., 2008?
Almost all happy couples feel that they can express their true feelings to each other.
Which of the following should be observed by partners in a relationship to minimize power issues between them while making decisions? (Check all that apply.)
Balance decision-making by the value of the areas each partner controls. Assign each partner primary responsibility for making decisions in certain areas.
Identify a true statement about the contemporary view of gender roles.
Both sexes can be successful in a variety of roles at home and at work.
Which of the following is true according to family systems theory?
Change is a difficult process for both individuals and families.
Identify an argument put forth by the developer of the cognitive development theory.
Children themselves actively create gender identity in order to understand the world around them.
_____ are characterized by moderate levels of intimacy, with sex being a low priority.
Complementary couples
_____ are the most stable couple style and usually have traditional roles.
Conflict-minimizing couples
Which of the following statements accurately describes metacommunication?
Crucial elements of a conversation are lost.
Long hours on the job, caring for children, continual interruptions, and countless other stresses tend to tire people out and decrease their sexual activity. This phenomenon is known as the _____.
DINS dilemma
Who among the following individuals exemplifies persuasive listening?
Gary, who constantly tries to interrupt his wife so that he can tell her about his day
Identify a difference between couples of same-sex relationships and heterosexual relationships.
Gay and lesbian couples are more upbeat in the face of conflict than heterosexual couples.
_____ ______is a sense of being male or female and what that means in one's society.
Gender Identity
Who among the following individuals exemplifies assertive communication?
Gina, who calmly tells her husband that she wants him to spend more time with their children
In the context of distribution of family work by gender, identify the findings of researchers. (Check all that apply.)
Husbands overestimate the time spent on housework by them. Wives think that they spend 13 hours more on housework each week.
Identify the advantages of directive listening. (Check all that apply.)
It allows a directive questioner to take charge of a dialogue. It quickly focuses on a conversation.
Identify a true statement about the social learning theory.
It believes that reinforcement of sex-related behavior by others is of primary importance in early life.
Identify a true statement about passive communication.
It creates distance rather than intimacy.
Identify a true statement about the traditional view of gender roles.
It emphasized stability rather than change.
Identify a true statement about attentive listening.
It involves a listener encouraging the speaker.
Identify a true statement about self-disclosure.
It involves an individual disclosing information to others.
Identify a true statement about assertive communication.
It involves expressing oneself without infringing on the rights of others.
Identify a true statement about aggressive communication.
It involves self-enhancing at the other's expense.
Identify a disadvantage of directive listening.
It is communicating about communicating.
Which of the following statements accurately describes metacommunication?
It is communicating about communicating.
Identify a feature of the emotionally expressive couple style.
It is full of feelings and can range from intense feelings of love and anger.
Identify a true statement about indifference.
It is the opposite of anger and love and hate.
Identify a true statement about gender identity.
It is usually labeled at birth.
Identify a true statement about the report component of communication.
It is usually relatively straightforward.
Which of the following statements is true of the report component of communication?
It refers to the facts, opinions, and experiences people relate to one another.
Identify a true statement about the command component of communication.
It refers to the message that an individual conveys about the relationship at hand.
Who among the following individuals exemplifies aggressive communication?
Jeff, who humiliates a student of his for turning in a bad book review
Identify a true statement about marital satisfaction.
More equal relationships are highly related to marital satisfaction.
Which of the following statements is true of maternal gatekeeping? 1. Mothers prefer the father to be the parent with most knowledge about child care. 2. Mothers encourage the father to do more childcare than them to increase the father's involvement. 3. Mothers often feel that the father can do a better job than them in caring for children. 4. Mothers might not want to share the role of being the major caregiver for their children.
Mothers might not want to share the role of being the major caregiver for their children.
Identify a feature of American Indian, or Native American, culture.
Native Americans emphasize communal living rather than a nuclear family.
In the context of anger and conflict taboos, which of the following messages is associated with the expression of anger in many cultures?
Nice and competent people do not show anger.
_____ includes facial expressions, eye contact, gestures and other body movements, and spatial behavior.
Nonverbal communication
Who among the following individuals displays the characteristics associated with best-friend couples?
Sally, who is in a marriage in which sex energizes the marital bond
Which of the following is true of best-friend couples?
Sex energizes their relationship and their marital bond is strong.
What happens when people try to establish interdependence in relationships?
People search for individuality while at the same time trying to maintain close relationships.
__ ____ is hardly listening
Persuasive- listening
Which of the following scenarios exemplifies the complementary couple style?
Phil is in a relationship in which sexual intercourse is given less importance.
_____can be defined as the ability of an individual to change the behavior of other members in a social system.
Power
In the context of relationships, identify a true statement about power.
Power is always relative, changing, and useful only to the extent that it is legitimate.
Which of the following are true of American Indian, or Native American, culture? (Check all that apply.)
Role relationships in Native American culture are more complex and less clearly defined. Native American women play an important role in keeping their family and their tribe together.
Which of the following indicates a move toward more egalitarian roles in society?
The decline of the social convention allowing men more sexual and social freedom than women
Identify the characteristics of conflict-minimizing couples. (Check all that apply.)
The male decides on the sexual style. Sex is very predictable.
Which of the following is often pointed out by feminists?
The omission of women's achievements from the historical record reflects the low status in which women have been held in society.
Which of the following was discovered about women's sexual behavior in the National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior?
The percentages of women engaging in vaginal intercourse began decreasing in their 30s.
Identify the true statements about gays. (Check all that apply.)
The term "gay" can be used to include both gay males and female lesbians. Gays comprise one of the three main categories of sexual orientation.
Identify a feature of African American families.
They are mostly headed by women.
Identify a characteristic of Latino men.
They are often egalitarian.
Identify a true statement about mixed messages.
They become a barrier to real understanding.
Identify a view of feminists regarding gender roles.
They believe both men and women should be accorded equal respect and value.
Identify a true statement about new immigrant women in the United States.
They enter a culture where women often have power equal or nearly equal to men.
Identify the strengths of gay and lesbian couples. (Check all that apply.)
They have a flexible role relationship that allows them to adapt to each other. They have good communication skills. They are very perceptive in terms of psychological dynamics.
Identify a characteristic of Asian American females.
They have a strong bond with their children.
Identify a true statement about African American males.
They have been marginalized in their roles as a marital partner.
Identify a characteristic of males in traditional Asian American families.
They have more power than women in a family.
How should couples balance love and anger in order to create a balanced relationship?
They should be interdependent in their relationship.
According to Hennigan and Ladd, identify a way in which couples typically need to communicate to successfully deal with conflict.
They should communicate by clarifying relevant issues.
How do couples commonly deal with negative emotions?
They try to suppress their negative emotions.
Identify a characteristic of complementary couples.
They validate each other's worth and value the marital bond.
Arrange the six stages in the process of infidelity, as identified by Emily Brown in the order of their occurrence.
a climate develops in which infidelity can germinate, betrayal occurs, infidelity is revealed, crisis in marriage is admitted, partners decide whether to address the issue, forgiveness is required in order to keep the marriage.
Which of the following couples is most likely to be an unhappy couple, according to the national study conducted by Olson et al., 2008?
a couple who avoid confrontations about problems
Which of the following couples is most likely to be a happy couple, according to the national study conducted by Olson et al., 2008?
a couple who is satisfied with their communication
Family power can be defined as the _____.
ability of one family member to change the behavior of the other family members
George, a customer at a diner, shouts at his waitress for mixing up his meal order, embarrassing the waitress in the process. This situation exemplifies _____.
aggressive communication
_____ _____ aims to hurt or put down another person and to protect the self-esteem of the aggressor.
aggressive communication
Aggressive communication is associated with _____.
angry feelings and thoughts of getting even
Alan's father constantly pesters him to choose a college within their home country to pursue his education. Alan resists the pressure and calmly informs his father that he will be choosing an international university in another country because it has better facilities. This situation exemplifies _____.
assertive communication
_______ ______involves the expression of thoughts, feelings, and desires as one's right as an individual.
assertive communication
Jessie tells her friend Jean about her experiences on her first camping trip. To fully picture the situation, Jean lets her talk uninterrupted and only asks questions once Jessie has finished her story. This situation exemplifies _____.
attentive listening
____ _____ is a mode in which the listener simply lets the speaker tell the story spontaneously and without interruption.
attentive listening
The National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior found that both men and women _____.
begin partnered sexual relations at age 14
According to Hennigan and Ladd (2015), which of the following help couples resolve conflicts? (Check all that apply.)
being open and honest, humor, being respectful
Louie and Brenda are a couple that have been married for 5 years. The two are extremely intimate and get along with each other because of their common interests. The couple credit their sex life with establishing and maintaining their marital bond. This scenario exemplifies _____.
best-friend couples
In the context of sexual orientation, the term "_____" indicates that one is sexually oriented toward both sexes.
bisexual
Identify a feature of machismo in men.
bossing women around
_____ listening involves less control than persuasive listening, but it does attempt to channel the conversation.
directive
Bob, a salesperson in a cutlery store, repeatedly asks customers about the different types of cuisines they prefer because he believes this will attract the customers into buying the necessary cutlery. This situation exemplifies _____.
directive listening
Which of the following is related to an increased incidence of infidelity?
dissatisfaction with the marital relationship
Social equality between the sexes is ensured by____ _______
egalitarian roles
In the context of sexuality, _____ encourages people to believe that their culture's thinking and practices are the only right or natural way to live.
ethnocentrism
True or false: A common characteristic of gay and lesbian couples is their inability to achieve equality in communication within their couple relationship.
false
True or false: Most societies approve of adult masturbation, although it is not tolerated among children and adolescents.
false
The _____ suggests that a family functions as an interconnected system, and a change in one family member necessitates compensatory changes in other family members if the family is to achieve a new balance.
family systems theory
Which of the following factors robs the excitement and pleasures of best-friend couples?
high expectations
Which of the following terms has been aggressively used by anti-gay extremists to suggest that people attracted to the same sex are somehow diseased or psychologically or emotionally disordered?
homosexual
Maternal gatekeeping refers to behaviors that affect _____.
how women and men collaborate in the work of a family
Which of the following is the accepted form of greeting in Latin countries?
hugging the other person
The psychological reason for suppressing negative emotions has to do with _____.
human insecurity
According to Blow and Hartnett's research on infidelity, it was determined that _____.
men are more likely to view infidelity as only sexual and not emotional
The primary way of preventing or unbinding a double bind is through _____.
metacommunication
In the context of distribution of family work by gender, an analysis by the Pew Research Center (2019) reported that _____.
more than half of married couples in the United States say sharing household chores is very important to a successful marriage
According to Schoppe-Sullivan (2010), fathers are more involved in child care when _____.
mothers are encouraging
Equality in child care can happen when _____.
mothers think before action is taken or a response is given
Rick, a college student at a debate, fails to listen to what the other participants are saying. He waits for an opportunity to speak as he wants the judges to listen to him alone. This situation exemplifies _____.
persuasive listening
Mental work that happens in families constitutes _____.
planning and monitoring children's activities
_____is a broad term that encompasses the set of beliefs, values, and behaviors that defines each person as a sexual being.
sexuality
According to the National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior, both men and women _____.
show a decline in sexual activity during their 50s
The _____ is concerned with how individuals learn the behavior patterns considered appropriate for their sex.
social learning theory
According to sociologist Talcott Parsons, the traditional role of man was to be _____.
the breadwinner
Oscar Hertwig was the first to observe _____.
the fertilization of the egg by the sperm in sea urchins
The receiver is in a double bind when _____.
the speaker creates a situation that calls into question the type of relationship the receiver has with the speaker