Unit 1

If a statement in a news article is a direct quote, the information in the statement must be true True or False

False

When organisms reproduce, the offspring are always identical to the parents True or False

False

Starch is a: (Select all that apply) a. polysaccharide. b. carbohydrate. c. molecule used for energy storage in plants. d. type of genetic material in plants.

a,b,c

If a neutral carbon atom has six electrons, what else can you determine from this information? (Select all that apply.) a. The atom has 6 protons. b. The atom has 6 neutrons. c. The atom has an equal number of protons and electrons. d. The atom has the same number of electrons as neutrons.

a,c

Which of the following is correct concerning subatomic particles? (Select all that apply.) a. Protons are in the nucleus and have a positive charge. b. Electrons are in the nucleus and have a negative charge. c. Neutrons are in the nucleus and have no charge. d. Protons orbit around the nucleus in shells.

a,c

Suppose you observe that when you and your classmates in BIOL 1000 drink coffee before class, you are better able to stay awake during class. You wonder: is it the caffeine in the coffee that is helping students stay awake? Which of the following would be an appropriate hypothesis generated from this question? a. Caffeine is a stimulant, and ingesting caffeine before class allows students to stay awake better than if they don't ingest caffeine b. Caffeine gives people energy c. Coffee tastes good, so people are better able to stay awake when they drink coffee d. More students like caffeinated beverages like coffee than sodas or tea

a. Caffeine is a stimulant, and ingesting caffeine before class allows students to stay awake better than if they don't ingest caffeine

The genetic material found in all living organisms on Earth is: a. DNA b. RNA c. proteins d. water

a. DNA

Which of the following statements is an inference? a. The National Commission on Adult Literacy reports that the U.S. is less educated than it was a generation ago b. More than 6.3 million students in the U.S. took at least one online course in fall 2016, a 5.6 percent increase from the previous year. c. Carrots are the most important vegetable for you to eat d. Seventy-five percent of beaches in Texas tested as having at least 235 colony forming units (cfu) per 100 mL of coliform bacteria on one or more days during 2018

a. The National Commission on Adult Literacy reports that the U.S. is less educated than it was a generation ago

A macromolecule is: a. a large organic molecule b. any molecule used by living cells c. any organic molecule d. any molecule with a charge

a. a large organic molecule

Which of the following is an example of a primary source of scientific information? a. a research article reporting data on prevalence of honey bee hive collapse in the U.S b. an article in Scientific American magazine describing the research done to grow "mini brains" in a lab setting c. a news article in the Colorado Springs Gazette describing water use and erosion in open spaces in the city reported by a utility company d. a database of scientific journals available through the Kraemer Library

a. a research article reporting data on prevalence of honey bee hive collapse in the U.S

An organic molecule is one that contains: a. at least one carbon atom and one hydrogen atom b. at least one carbon atom c. at least one hydrogen atom d. at least one oxygen atom

a. at least one carbon atom and one hydrogen atom

Water molecules are able to be pulled up tall plants, from the roots to the leaves, due to which of the following properties of water? a. cohesion and adhesion b. high specific heat c. temperature moderation d. ice is less dense than liquid water

a. cohesion and adhesion

Water is able to dissolve many substances because those substances: (Select all that apply.) a. contain charged atoms. b. are hydrophobic. c. do not contain charged atoms. d. are large.

a. contain charged atoms.

If an oxygen atom shares electrons with a hydrogen atom, this is a _____________bond a. covalent b. ionic c. hydrogen d. peptide

a. covalent

When a person gets dehydrated, or loses water, while exercising on a hot day, their pituitary gland releases a hormone that signals the kidneys to retain more water. Ultimately, the individual loses less water over time. This example best illustrates the theme of a. feedback regulation b. chemical cycling c. hydrolysis d. catalysis

a. feedback regulation

the cell is considered the fundamental unit of life because a. it is the smallest unit that exhibits all of the properties of life b. it is the smallest init of life that can be observed with a microscope c. a cell exhibits all of the levels of biological organization d. a cell exhibits emergent properties

a. it is the smallest unit that exhibits all of the properties of life

Which of the following is true about hydrophobic substances? (Select all that apply.) a. They contain charged atoms. b. They do not contain charged atoms. c. They are not attracted to water molecules. d. They are attracted to water.

b,c

Why is it important to living organisms that ice is less dense than liquid water and expands as it freezes? (Select all that apply.) a. Ice contains oxygen that is crucial for living things. b. If ice forms inside of cells, it can rupture the cells and destroy them. c. Ice is an essential source of energy for organisms living in cold environments. d. Bodies of water freeze from the top down, allowing organisms to survive below the ice.

b,d

The genetic material of all living cells is a. proteins b. DNA c. water d. phospholipids

b. DNA

The genetic material of all living cells is: a. RNA b. DNA c. water d. proteins

b. DNA

A neutral potassium (K) atom has 19 protons. Which of the following describes a potassium atom that has lost an electron? a. It contains 20 protons b. It is a positively charged ion c. It is a negatively charged ion d. It is still a neutral atom, because it still has 19 protons

b. It is a positively charged ion

Suppose you learn from the local news that as sales of ice cream increase, so does the rate of crime in a city. What is an appropriate conclusion to draw from this statement? a. Eating ice cream causes people to commit more crimes b. This is an example of correlation between ice cream sales and crime rates. Another factor could be the cause of both. c. Committing crimes cause people to eat more ice cream d. Warm weather causes people to commit crimes and to eat ice cream

b. This is an example of correlation between ice cream sales and crime rates. Another factor could be the cause of both.

If a positively charged lithium atom (Li+) and a negatively charged chlorine atom (Cl-) were mixed, they would be attracted by: a. a covalent bond. b. an ionic bond. c. van der Waals forces. d. hydrogen bonds.

b. an ionic bond.

A central theme in biology is defined as a. a hypothesis about the natural world b. an organizing principle that brings together diverse ideas in biology c. an idea that explains all observations of the biological world d. none of the above

b. an organizing principle that brings together diverse ideas in biology

Living things are composed mainly of six elements. These are: a. carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, and sodium b. carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, and sulfur c. chlorine, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, and sulfur. d. calcium, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, and sulfur.

b. carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, and sulfur

Proteins such as insulin, and steroids such as cortisol, act as hormones. These hormones are: a. major parts of the cellular membrane. b. cell signals released in one part of the body to signal to cells elsewhere to respond. c. used in muscle cells for movement. d. used as energy sources by cells.

b. cell signals released in one part of the body to signal to cells elsewhere to respond.

Water is important to living organisms because: a. living cells use water as their main source of energy. b. cells are made up mostly (70-95%) of water. c. water is the main energy-carrying molecule of cells. d. water holds cells together, because it is polar.

b. cells are made up mostly (70-95%) of water.

Sulfur (S), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N) are all examples of a. molecules b. elements c. compounds d. protons

b. elements

When you (a living being) eat food, and use the food to power your activities, such as riding your bike, this is best described as which of the following? a. genetic modification b. energy processing or transformation c. reproduction d. adaptation

b. energy processing or transformation

Antibodies are: a. proteins used for movement. b. proteins used for immune defense. c. carbohydrates used for immune defense. d. a type of lipid used for energy storage.

b. proteins used for immune defense.

The process by which living organisms are able to keep the inside of the body different from the outside of the body is called a. development b. regulation c. order and complexity d. reproduction

b. regulation

A news article reporting on the prevalence of measles cases in the U.S. in 2019 is a a. primary source b. secondary source c. tertiary source d. it is possible to tell what kind of source until you read the news article

b. secondary source

The subunits of carbohydrates are: a. nucleotides b. simple sugars (monosaccharides) c. amino acids d. proteins

b. simple sugars (monosaccharides)

The temperature near coastal areas (by the ocean) exhibits much less variation over the course of a day than does the temperature in dry inland areas (such as Colorado.) Which property of water most likely explains this observation? a. the density of water b. the high specific heat of water c. the ability of water to dissolve many substances d. the size of water molecules

b. the high specific heat of water

A single water molecule is composed of: a. two oxygen atoms and one hydrogen atom. b. two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. c. one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. d. one oxygen atom, one hydrogen atom, and one carbon atom.

b. two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

Place steps of the Scientific method in logical order a. Draw conclusion b. Generate hypothesis c. Make observation d. Ask a question e. Collect and analyze data f. Make predictions

c, d, b, f, e, a

Fats and oils are: (Select all that apply.) a.made of simple sugars. b. types of carbohydrates. c. types of lipids. d. good long-term energy storage molecules.

c,d

Which of the following statements is most likely to be bias-free? a. "Prairie dogs are a pest that need to be eradicated, because they cause severe damage to livestock." -by a cattle rancher in El Paso county b. "Pollen from grass and weeds are a significant source of allergies for many people." - from a statement on a website for an allergy clinic c. "Between January 1, 2014 and April 30, 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration received 524 reports of distal cardiomyopathy (515 canine reports, 9 feline reports)." - from the USFDA website d. "Rosuvastatin is a highly effective drug in combatting high cholesterol." - by a researcher paid by the drug company to conduct research on the drug

c. "Between January 1, 2014 and April 30, 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration received 524 reports of distal cardiomyopathy (515 canine reports, 9 feline reports)." - from the USFDA website

Which of the following is the best example that explains how structure correlates with function? a. the traits of populations can change over time b. animals, such as humans, must ingest other organic material to obtain energy carbon c. The leaves of sunflowers are wide and have a lot of surface area which allows them to efficiently capture sunlight energy d. many living things organisms are multicellular, or made of many cells

c. The leaves of sunflowers are wide and have a lot of surface area which allows them to efficiently

A hypothesis is a. an unproven scientific theory b. an opinion of a scientist c. a tentative answer to a question about the natural world d. an observation about the natural world

c. a tentative answer to a question about the natural world

A sunflower is made of atoms, molecules, and cells, in a particular arrangement. Sunflowers have a predictable structure that makes them distinguishable from other kinds of organisms. This example best illustrates the central theme in biology that a. life is regulated by feedback mechanisms b. life relies on energy transformation c. all organisms are ordered and complex d. the cell theory

c. all organisms are ordered and complex

A characteristic that allows individuals to survive and reproduce well in a given environment is called: a. bioformation b. regualtion c. an adaptation d. a mutation

c. an adaptation

Phospholipids are the major component of: a. arthropod exoskeletons. b. genetic material. c. cell membranes. d. vegetable oil.

c. cell membranes.

The subunits of nucleic acids are: a. steroids b. proteins c. nucleotides d. amino acids

c. nucleotides

Life is defined by a set of properties, rather than by a single characteristic. This is because: a. life can not be usefully defined b. only living things have multiple properties, every other entity can be defined by a single property c. there is no single characteristic that is both found in all living things, and is found only in living things d. life exists only on Earth

c. there is no single characteristic that is both found in all living things, and is found only in living things

When humans sweat, this is known as evaporative cooling. The evaporating sweat is able to cool our bodies because: a. water molecules are very small. b. our blood is mostly made of water and we lose blood as we cool off. c. water takes a lot of heat from our bodies in order to evaporate (turn from a liquid to a gas.) d. the salt ions in our sweat absorb more energy than the water.

c. water takes a lot of heat from our bodies in order to evaporate (turn from a liquid to a gas.)

Which kinds of organisms contain genetic material? a. microbes, such as bacteria b. fungi and algae c. only plants and animals d. All living cells contain genetic material

d. All living cells contain genetic material

In Question 3, what is/are possible confounding factor(s) in your experiment? In other words, what factor(s), other than caffeine, might the be causing more students to stay awake who drank the lattes? a. The milk or sugar in the lattes might be providing enough energy to students to keep them awake. b. The students who drank the water just happened to get less sleep the night before, and were, in general, sleepier than the students who drank lattes. c. The students who drank the lattes had more exciting classes than the students who drank water, and so were more engaged in class. d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following is a characteristic of life? a. ability to evolve and adapt b. contain genetic material c. potential for reproduction d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following is an example of a living things responding to its environment? a. A single-celled organism, called Euglena, detects light and moves toward the light b. A human macrophage, which is an immune cell, detects a virus that has entered the body and engulfs it to destroy it c. An aspen tree detects changes in day length and drops its leaves as the day get shorter d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following statements is an opinion? a. The average height of adult women has increased in the last 100 years. b. The global mean height of adult men born in 1996 is 171 centimetres (cm), or 5 foot and 7.5 inches c. Breast cancer incidence rates in the U.S. began decreasing in the year 2000, after increasing for the previous two decades d. Grain-free food is the best kind of food for your dog

d. Grain-free food is the best kind of food for your dog

Suppose you decide to test the hypothesis from Question 3 by giving 100 students at UCCS a latte (a coffee drink with milk and sugar), and then 100 students at UCCS a cup of water before their 8:00 am classes. You then survey the students after class, and find that 10 students who drank the latte fell asleep during class, while 40 students who drank water fell asleep during class. Which of the following would be an appropriate conclusion from this data? a. Coffee is a greater stimulant than water b. Coffee tastes better than water c. Coffee helps students stat awake d. Students who drink lattes before early morning classes stay awake more than students who drink only water before early classes.

d. Students who drink lattes before early morning classes stay awake more than students who drink only water before early classes.

Cellulose is: a. a long-term energy storage molecule in plants. b. a protein used for movement. c. a structural protein in animal cell membranes. d. a structural polysaccharide in plants

d. a structural polysaccharide in plants

Evolution is considered a core theme in biology because it explains a. why some organism have traits in common b. how populations change to be suited to their environment c. why organisms that are closely related (such as all animals) can be so diverse d. all of the above

d. all of the above

The cell theory states that a. living cells arise from other cells b. the cell is the fundamental unit of life c. all living organisms are made of cells d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Which of following is an example of an organism interacting with its environment? a. a giraffe eats the leaves of an Acacia tree b. a single-celled Euglena uses it flagellum to move toward a light source c. the disease-causing bacterium Streptococcus produces a toxin that damages cells found in the human throat and tonsils d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Life is defined by a set of properties shared by all living thing. All of the following properties are found in all living things, except: a. regulation or homeostasis b. growth and reproduction c. responding to the environment d. being multicellular (made of many cells)

d. being multicellular

Groups of atoms that are held together by chemical bonds are known as: a. subatomic particles. b. elements. c. anions. d. compounds or molecules.

d. compounds or molecules.

Atoms of different types (i.e., sizes) are called: a. nucleoids b. electrons c. fundamentals d. elements

d. elements

A water molecule is considered a polar molecule because it: a. is held together by covalent bonds. b. contains more protons than electrons in all of its atoms. c. has atoms of different sizes on opposite sides. d. has atoms of different charges on opposite sides.

d. has atoms of different charges on opposite sides.

A hummingbird eats nectar from a flower. The nectar contains sugar, which will be broken down by the hummingbird's body, and converted to a molecule called ATP. ATP will be used to power the muscle action of the hummingbird's wings. This example best illustrates the theme of: a. DNA is the genetic material of cells b. the cell is the fundamental unit of life c. living organisms are ordered and complex d. living organisms require energy and transform it from one form to another

d. living organisms require energy and transform it from one form to another