Unit 1 - Chapter 2 AP Computer Science

Internet

A group of computers and servers that are connected to each other.

IP Address

A number assigned to any item that is connected to the Internet.

Protocol

A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.

Router

A type of computer that forwards data across a network

Choose Two: Identify the two true statements about HTTP. A) An HTTP request is sent from a client to request access to data stored on a server. B) Displaying a web page will often require multiple HTTP requests in order to acquire all the necessary data. C) HTTP requests and responses have identical formats. D) An HTTP response code is only used when a server could not fulfill a request.

A, B

Choose the two best answers to complete the sentence: If I understand how the internet works then I will be able to: A) make informed choices to support or oppose decisions my government makes about access to the internet. B) connect the latest devices to the internet. C) make informed choices about my privacy on the internet. D) get the best price for my cell phone plan. E) speed up my downloads of movies I purchase.

A, C

URL

An easy-to-remember address for calling a web page (like www.code.org).

A single central register of IP addresses and names (a DNS style system) is an efficient means of translating human readable names to IP addresses. Which of the following is NOT solved by DNS? A. It is inefficient to have everyone on the Internet maintain their own list of IP addresses. B. There are too few IP addresses to meet the current demand. C. When someone new joins the Internet they must inform everyone else of the new IP address D. When an IP address changes, it is impossible to locate a computer until the owner announces the change.

B

The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) defines the protocols and standards for how the Internet works. The members of the IETF are: A) An International coalition of government agencies who oversee the Internet in their countries. B) A loosely organized collection of citizens and engineers who communicate mostly by email. C) There are no members. IETF is an "organization" in name only. D) The worldwide leaders of the Tier 1 Internet service providers. E) Political leaders and heads of state.

B

What feature of DNS and IP allow the internet to scale? A. Redundancy B. Hierarchy C. Multiple servers D. Government control

B

What is an RFC? a. Restricted Fiduciary Contract b. Request for Comments c. Radio Frequency Controller d. Related Fundamental Content e. ReFactored Code

B

Which of the following is NOT true about packets? A)Packets are numbered so if they arrive out of order the message can be reassembled. B)A message sent across the Internet can always be contained in a single packet C) Packets are routed on different paths from sender to receiver. D) The receiver computer must confirm to the sending computer that each packet was received.

B

If the post office delivered mail exactly like routers deliver messages on the internet, which 2 of the following statements would be true? A) One mailman would be responsible for delivering a letter from sender to receiver. B)Letters would be written on the outside of envelopes for all to read instead of letters put inside envelopes. C)Your mail could not be delivered if a road your mailman was planning to take were under construction. D) The mailman would sometimes take a different path to deliver each letter to your home.

B, D

Pick Two: Pick the two statements about packets and routing on the Internet which are true. A)Packets travelling across the Internet take a standardized amount of time and so can be counted on to arrive in the order they were sent B)TCP ensures messages can be reliably transmitted across the Internet C)TCP depends on the infrastructure of the Internet to be reliable enough to ensure no packets are lost in transmission D)TCP must account for the fact that packets may not arrive at a destination computer in the intended order

B, D

To improve communication in playing battleship on the Internet Simulator your group invented a(n): A) heuristic B) algorithm C) protocol D) encoding

C

HTTP is considered to be a high level protocol because: A)HTTP requests are given higher priority for fast delivery when being routed on the Internet. B) HTTP messages can be either requests or responses. C)HTTP requests are encoded using higher frequency radio waves. D) HTTP requests make use of abstractions provided by lower level protocols.

D

How many unique IP addresses could be made in a fixed-length IP address system using 6 bits? A) 6 users B) 12 users C) 32 users D) 64 users

D

In the Internet Simulator, your router knows to send your message to a different router because: A) You set the "other router" bit in the message. B) Messages are routed over different paths. C)Everyone is on the same router. D)The first 4 bits of the address specify the router number that your friend is on.

D

Which of the following information is not necessary in your protocol to play battleship? A) Grid Coordinates B) From C) To D) Time of Day

D

Which two of the following statements are true about routing on the Internet. A)Information travelling between two computers over the Internet will always take the same path. B) Your router receives all the traffic of the Internet and delivers to your computer only the messages intended for you. C) There is one router which receives and redirects all the traffic of the Internet. D)A packet contains addressing information to allow routers to decide how best to forward along that packet towards its destination. E)A packet travelling between two computers on the Internet may be rerouted many times along the way.

D, E

DNS

Domain Name System - The service that translates URLs to IP addresses.

HTTP

Hypertext Transfer Protocol- the protocol used for transmitting web pages over the Internet

IETF

Internet Engineering Task Force - develops and promotes voluntary Internet standards and protocols, in particular the standards that comprise the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP).

Packets

Small chunks of information that have been carefully formed from larger chunks of information.

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol - provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on the internet. TCP is tightly linked with IP and usually seen as TCP/IP in writing.

Network Redundancy

having multiple backups to ensure reliability during cases of high usage or failure

Net Neutrality

the principle that all Internet traffic should be treated equally by Internet Service Providers.