Unit 1 Test Review 100%

Define metalworking. Provide a brief history of metalworking.

Metalworking is the craft of using metal to create different parts, or assemble them together, or larger structures. Metalworking began in the Stone Age. The ancient people knew of seven metals, which were used to fashion tools for hunting, protection, and survival. Metalworking reached new heights during the Bronze Age, which began around 2700 BCE. Later came the Iron Age in the 12th century BC.

Explain the processes used in forming metals. Name one occupation in history that has used forming in metalworking.

A collection of processes in which metal is arranged into a desired shape. Most commonly with forming metal, the metal is heated until it reaches liquid form, and is shaped. It will then harden and remain in the shape created. Forming can also include casting, which involving shaping the metal using a hammer or some other form of pressure. Forming has been most commonly used by blacksmiths for centuries

What is a handicraft? Examine the image above. Is it an example of functional piece art or fine art? Explain your answer.

A handicraft is made using hand skills and generally serves a utilitarian rather than fine art function. It is an example of a functional piece of art. Although it is beautifully made and artistic, it served a purpose for the ancient Greeks. It could have carried water, grain, or another substance.

Explain the difference between a piece of art and a craft.

A piece of art is a creative, visual expression of an idea in some form. A craft is the physical effort and skill used in the creative process.

What is "slip"? What was it primarily used for by the Greeks?

A slip is the clay that has been watered down to the consistency of paint. This paint was used to decorate the ceramics.

What was the main goals and characteristics of the arts and crafts movement in architecture?

Architecture sought a spiritual connection with the surrounding environment, both natural and man-made. Architecture was unique, but did have common attributes. These attributes included warms colored woods, many windows so that light would come pouring in, rustic furnishings, and unfinished qualities.

Define and detail the following: - black figure painting - red figure painting

Black figure painting: The original technique, used by the Greeks for creating forms/silhouettes using black paint on terracotta clay. Before firing, they would paint on a black slip (profiles only), and then fire it several times.Red figure painting: This method replaced black figure painting. It was considered superior because more detail could be added. Red figure painting is the reverse of the black figure technique. The paintings were applied to the shaped but unfired vessels after they had dried to a leathery, near-brittle texture.

Explain the difference between weaving and embroidery.

Embroidery is the art or handicraft of decorating fabric or other materials with designs stitched in strands of thread or yarn. Weaving is the process of making cloth through interlacing the threads on a loom.

Define the following terms: - glazed - amphora - terracotta

Glazed: A thin, shiny glass-like coating used to color pottery.Amphora: A two handled storage jar with a long neck, narrower than its body.Terracotta: A hard red brown earthenware used for pottery and building construction.

Describe the physical qualities and importance of gold.

Gold is a highly sought after dense, malleable, shiny, and soft precious metal that has been used as a form of currency for many centuries. It is the most valuable precious metal. It is aesthetically and intrinsically pleasing and has religious or symbolic meaning in many cultures.

Explain the difference between milling and welding.

Milling is a form of cutting where by a metal is made into to a specified geometry by removing excess material using various kinds of tooling leaving a finished part matching a set of specifications. Welding is a fabrication process which joins two pieces of material. This can be done by either melting the pieces together, or by using pressure in conjunction with heat, or by itself.

Explain the circumstances that led to the Arts and Crafts Movement.

The Arts and Crafts Movement was largely fueled by the industrial revolution, in which everything was mass produced. More and more artists wanted to return to hand-made objects that were unique.

Name and differentiate between the components types of weaving.

The two components of weaving are warp and weft. The warp is the lengthwise yarns through which the weft is woven. The weft is the yarn which is drawn under and over parallel warp yarns to form fabric.

What type of craft was use to create the piece shown above? Examine the piece shown and describe what you see and feel. What was the artist's intention when he made this piece?

This piece was created by a glass-craftsman and is an example of glass art. The piece is skillfully done, and eye catching because you can't help but look at it and wonder how the artist managed to create the final product. The piece is packed with emotional meaning largely because you can see and imagine the detail, skill, and passion the artist would have had to possess to create the piece. The artist intended to emphasize the process to the viewer more than the final piece.

When does the use of wood, for functional and artistic use, date back to? How can wood be used by artists?

Wood is another medium dating back to ancient times. It can be carved, cut out, or fashioned into objects such as furniture, crosses, or dishware