Unit 10 Questions

People given little control over their world in prisons, factories, schools, and nursing homes experience

learned helplessness

Questionnaires covering a wide range of feelings and behaviors designed to assess several traits at once are called

personality inventories

Sigmund Freud called his theory of personality and the associated treatment techniques

psychoanalysis

Our __________________ consists of all thoughts and feelings we have in response to the question, "Who am I?"

self-concept

Children's TV-viewing habits (past behavior) influence their viewing preferences (internal personal factor), which influence how television (environmental factor) affects their current behavior. This is an example of

reciporocal determinism

According to Sigmund Freud, which of the following defense mechanisms buries threatening or upsetting events outside of consciousness?

Repression

What did Abraham Maslow call the process of fulfilling our potential?

Self-actualization

What do we call the ability to control impulses and delay gratification?

Self-control

Brad Bushman and Roy Baumeister found that when criticized, people with unrealistically high self-esteem

became exceptionally aggressive

Critics of humanistic psychology have suggested that this theory fails to appreciate the reality of our human capacity for

evil

Collectivist cultures are characterized by members

giving priority to group goals

According to Carl Rogers, when we are in a good marriage, a close family, or an intimate friendship, we are free to be spontaneous without fearing the loss of others' esteem. He called the accepting attitude that enables this freedom

unconditional positive regard

Albert Bandura proposed the social-cognitive perspective, which

emphasizes the interaction of our traits with our situations

Athletes who privately credit their victories to their own prowess, and their losses to bad breaks, lousy officiating, or the other team's exceptional performance are exhibiting

the self-serving bias

Our self-focused perspective may motivate us, but it can also lead us to presume too readily that others are noticing and evaluating us. This is called

the spotlight effect