Unit 2 World History
Why was most of this about raw materials for the Industrial Revolution back in Europe?
Cash Crop production such as Rubber, Coco, Peanuts. As Well as minerals all for the benefit of the europeans.
Why was wheat just as critical as coal during the Industrial Revolution?
Coal is what fueled the machines but wheat is what fueled the workers.
What problems arose due to the rapid urbanization during the Industrial Revolution?
Disease, population growth, shorter life expectancy
Why was India considered the "Jewel in the Crown" of Britain's Empire?
India has millions and has many people to market the raw materials too.
Why did nationalism contribute to the rise of empires in this period?
It becomes a source of pride to show your resources to the people
How did industrialization change where Europeans lived?
It moved them from rural areas to urban cities
How did the Meiji Era spark Japanese Nationalism?
Japanese leaders established a mandatory educational system that taught loyalty.
How did differences between Hindus and Muslims make it difficult for Indians to resist British imperialism?
Most Hindus chose the british rule over muslim rule. Some princes did not partake in the rebellion of the East India Company.
How did technology help to support imperialism?
New Imperialism: The United States and Europe took over countries such as Asia.
What were working conditions like in factories?
Poor. Machines were safety hazards. Workers were constantly working.
What are some positive and negative effects of European imperialism in Africa?
Positive effects: colonialism reduced local warfare, African products contributed to economic growth Negative effects: Africa loses control of land and independence, people die of smallpox, they had to migrate for work which changed their diets,
What were the positive and negative effects of Britain's imperialism in India?
Positives: India receives a railroad system. Negative: They used the Indian markets to sell the British goods and to make profits. They made the Indians not sell any of the native goods, forcing laws upon them.
What caused the Taiping Rebellion? What were the results of the Taiping Rebellion?
Religious leaders mix in religious ideas and try to influence a new reign on China and get rid of private property and every freedom.
Why did the Industrial Revolution start in Britain as opposed to China?
Shortage of wood and an abundance of coal deposits, elites who were interested in business, a capitalist economic system. Britain had "wet coal"—mines flooded and they had to devise a way to get the water out of the mines. China had coal deeper in the ground, China had more human labor because of population growth.
What caused the Opium War of 1839? What was the result of the war and the Treaty of Nanjing? What are extraterritorial rights?
The British Introduced Opium to the people and the Chinese Government got mad and took Opium and they went to war and Britain won this Opium War. Now the British take over ports such as Hong Kong and extraterritorial rights. The British are not subject to Chinese law.
How did the Industrial Revolution change southern Russia, Argentina, and California?
The British needed more wheat for bread to fuel the workers because they lived off of it.
What are spheres of influence and the Open Door Policy?
The Chinese Government is still in Play and all these countries have economic influence, The US creates an Open Door Policy meaning that no one can indirectly imperialize China, everyone can come and use their economy.
How did the Industrial Revolution create a new growing middle class?
The Industrial Revolution created large amounts of wealth. This was from wealthy people such as factory owners, shippers, and merchants. This created the middle class which consisted of higher paid workers.
How did the United States end Japanese isolation? Who was Commodore Matthew Perry? What was the Treaty of Kanagawa in 1854?
The Japanese were astonished by the Americans' steam powered ships. Matthew Perry was the one who brought the four ships to japan to send them a message regarding free trade. The treaty allowed america to take on supplies from certain ports.
What was the Meiji Era or Meiji Restoration? How did it reform and modernize Japan?
The Meiji Era was when Mutsuhito ruled over the entire government and decided to counter the foreigners by modernizing. It was put into play by admiring or sending diplomats to other countries and studying their ways.
Who are sepoys and what role did they play? What was the Sepoy Mutiny?
The Sepoys are the military for India of Hindus and Muslims in India that are a part of the British military. They rebelled because there was a rumor of pork fat on gun cartridges and the Indians went against the British because they thought they were violating their culture.
How did Africans resist and rebel against European Imperialism? How is Ethiopia a unique example?
The africans tribes tried but the europeans had the maxim gun. Ethiopia although had a leader named Menelik the Second he stock piled european guns and played them off one another to get a stockpile of arms and make the military strong. Ethiopia had european technology and won the fight against Italy.
What were the main energy sources for humans before the Industrial Revolution? How did this change with the Industrial Revolution?
The main energy source for humans was animals and human labor. This changed with the Industrial revolution when the Steam engine was made.
How did steam engines transform the textile industry? What other industries did it impact?
The textile industry shifted to factories. Transportation.
How did Europeans attempt to control their colonies in the 19th Century?
There's a difference between Direct Control and Indirect Control. The British used indirect control of local leaders and local elites and local institutions as middlemen and they are ruling in the name of the british. French used direct control
How did Africa's own internal diversity and conflicts (that were not directly related to Europeans) contribute to European imperialism in Africa?
They Supported divisions and made it easier for the Europeans to overcome to africans.
How did racism provide a motivation for Europeans to conquer new colonies? What is Social Darwinism?
They are doing it for their sake to civilize them. In France they direct control over the enslaved people. They taught them French ways, Paternalism.
What is the Boxer Rebellion? What was the result of the Boxer Rebellion?
They are looking for someone to blame so they blame the foreigners and fight against foreign people. Blame them for all the problems in their society. They attacked foregin buildings and christain.
How did Japan's rapid industrialization and modernization during the Meiji Era lead to it becoming an empire?
They became a very powerful nation from their majorly large army and dozens of warships.
How did the Scramble for Africa and the Berlin Conference of 1884-85 divide Africa?
They came up with rules. Tell the other nations you're claiming this nation. Show you can actually control it.
How was India used to benefit Britain's economy? What goods did Britain produce and trade through their colony in India?
They put rules and laws to not compete with any production of things that Britain has.
What is the Self-Strengthening Movement supported by Dowager Empress Cixi?
They want to take baby steps to take upon real change. Very Moderate Conservative party.
How did capitalism and industrialization create motivations for Europeans to conquer new colonies?
They wanted to use those places to use their resources. And use it as a market for goods.
What are three technological advances that contributed to the success of European conquest of Africa?
Tonic Medicine. Maxim Gun Military superiority. Steam Engine for Transportation
What is the economic policy of laissez faire? What is capitalism?
Where everyone works for themselves and it was basically like a free for all. All of the companies controlled
What are some examples of the working class's reaction to the poor living and working conditions?
Workers would destroy the machines or riot.