unit 3

Ethyl alcohol or ethanol is 25 percent "absolute" alcohol. 75 percent "absolute" alcohol. 0 percent "absolute" alcohol. 50 percent "absolute" alcohol. 100 percent "absolute" alcohol.

100 percent "absolute" alcohol.

Which of the following is not a narcotic, opiate, or opioid drug? opium codeine oxycodone All are narcotic, opiate, or opioid drugs. fentanyl

All are narcotic, opiate, or opioid drugs.

Authors of texts on drug use have included marijuana in which of the following categories? All of these answers are correct. narcotic sedative hallucinogen stimulant

All of these answers are correct.

The heroin that is derived from poppies grown in Afghanistan is shipped mainly to_________. Europe, China, Russia, and Africa Guatemala Southeast Asia South America Mexico

Europe, China, Russia, and Africa

Another term for "ice" is None of these answers is correct. heroin. cocaine. LSD. methamphetamine.

None of these answers is correct.

Shen Nung was a nineteenth-century Chinese pharmacist who included marijuana as a curative herb in his pharmaceutical treatise. was a Chinese emperor who lived in the third millennium B.C.E. and discovered the effects of marijuana. is a pharmacist living in New York's Chinatown who currently prescribes marijuana for a variety of ailments. was a mythological figure who was neither an actual Chinese emperor nor a writer of a pharmaceutical treatise that included marijuana as a curative herb. None of these answers is correct.

None of these answers is correct.

The social characteristic that correlates most strongly with the use of marijuana is_________. geographical residence race sex or gender socioeconomic status (SES) age

age

The evidence indicating that the human use of MDMA (Ecstasy) damages the brain is conclusive. blood vessels is conclusive. any organ of the body is inconclusive. the liver is conclusive. the lungs is conclusive.

any organ of the body is inconclusive.

Why did a well-known pharmacologist refer to the abuse of cocaine and the amphetamines (including methamphetamine) as "the wild addictions"? Because, in comparison with all the other psychoactive substances, they cause the greatest amount of brain damage. cause the most powerful sedation effects. cause the most deaths by overdose. produce the most chronic or long-term medical harm in the greatest number of users. are the most reinforcing, generate the greatest immediate sensual appeal, and produce the most powerful psychological dependence.

are the most reinforcing, generate the greatest immediate sensual appeal, and produce the most powerful psychological dependence.

Late in the nineteenth century, Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, wrote about and abused which of the following drugs? None of these answers is correct. amphetamine cocaine marijuana methamphetamine

cocaine

After 2000, the rate of use of club drugs remained stable. remains unknown. decreased. fluctuated wildly and randomly from year to year. increased.

decreased

"Punding" is a common effect of taking amphetamines chronically and abusively. What is punding? None of these answers is correct. experiencing withdrawal symptoms after long-term, high-dose amphetamine abuse being unable to go to sleep severe nausea accompanied with vomiting engaging in a specific activity compulsively and repetitively

engaging in a specific activity compulsively and repetitively

Since the 1980s, the number of years of potential life lost (YPLL) as a result of alcohol-related highway fatalities remains unknown. has decreased. has fluctuated wildly and randomly from year to year. has remained stable. has increased.

has decreased.

On a dose-by-dose, user-by-user basis, _________ remains by far the most dangerous among the circle of the six or eight recreationally used narcotics. heroin marijuana LSD cocaine methamphetamine

heroin

The coca plant grows_________, and its leaves contain from less than 1 percent to as much as 1.8 percent cocaine. in the Alps in Europe on the Coma Pedrosa mountain of Andorra in the Andes Mountains of South America on Mount Elbrus in Russia around the Nanga Parbat Mountain region of Asia

in the Andes Mountains of South America

For which of the following uses do many physicians today most frequently write legitimate prescriptions for amphetamine? narcolepsy athletes seeking alertness and quickness on the playing field as an antidepressant students staying up all night to cram for an exam truck drivers staying up for several nights running to transport cargo cross-country

narcolepsy

Compared with most of the other drugs, the ED-LD ratio for narcotics is_________. narrow wide the same unknown none of these answers is correct.

narrow

In alcohol studies, the rule of equivalency states that the presence of food and water in the stomach has no bearing on the level of intoxication caused by an alcoholic drink. None of these answers is correct. not all people are influenced in the same way by a given quantity of alcohol. the effects of alcohol are determined principally by the volume of absolute alcohol that is drunk rather than the type of drink itself. mixing different kinds of drinks produces greater intoxication levels than sticking to the same kind of drink.

not all people are influenced in the same way by a given quantity of alcohol.

The relationship between a driver's BAC (blood-alcohol concentration) and getting into an accident that kills someone is random. None of these answers is correct. unknown. positive. negative.

positive

The relationship between smoking cigarettes and the use of illicit drugs is positive. negative. None of these answers is correct. random. unknown.

positive

Which of the following is not considered one of the common effects of the hallucinogenic or psychedelic drugs? seeing the world as more fluid than it is the perception of a multilevel reality psychotic episodes eidetic imagery synesthesia

psychotic episodes

Stimulants have no effect on the speed with which signals pass through the CNS. speed up signals passing through the central nervous system (CNS). None of these answers is correct. slow down, retard, or obtund signals passing through the CNS. have an unknown—and unknowable—effect on the speed of signals passing through the CNS.

speed up signals passing through the central nervous system (CNS).

In the 1990s, several media sources reported that a new heroin epidemic had gripped the United States. Toward the end of the first decade of the 2000s, that epidemic had remained at the same level. increased in seriousness. subsided. remained unknown as to its seriousness. None of these answer is correct.

subsided

The peak popularity of cocaine—when it was used most, according to surveys—for young adults and college students was during the late seventies to the mid-eighties. currently—that is, at the beginning of the second decade of the twenty-first century. the first half of the first decade of the twenty-first century. the nineties. the sixties.

the late seventies to the mid-eighties.

Overall, the most effective and efficient analgesics are_________. the narcotics the sedatives aspirin, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen marijuana the amphetamines

the narcotics